Low molecular weight gels: potential in remediation of crude oil spillage and recovery

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (58) ◽  
pp. 53415-53420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ch. Siva Kesava Raju ◽  
Bhaskar Pramanik ◽  
Tanmoy Kar ◽  
Peddy V. C. Rao ◽  
Nettem V. Choudary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Potential Application ◽  
Crude Oils ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Oil Spillage ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
First Time

A molecular gelator which has strong gelation ability for different crude oils (light to heavy crudes), and a wide range of refinery products is reported for the first time for its potential application in oil spillage/recovery.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons Profiles in Some Nigerian Crude Oils

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
N. Boisa ◽  
T. J. K. Ideriah ◽  
C. S. Okehie
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons ◽  
Crude Oils ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Pahs Concentration

Aim: To evaluate the concentrations of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons in some Nigerian crude oils. Study Design: Field and Laboratory-Experimental Design were used in this study. Place and Duration of Study: Crude oil samples were obtained from three locations (designated as Location 1, Location 2, and Location 3) in the Niger Delta, Nigeria. Methodology: The samples were subjected to liquid-liquid extraction using dichloromethane and analysed using GC-FID. Results: The results of the analyses of the crude oils gave polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) concentrations of 2.6089 x 104 ppm representing 60.06% and total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) concentration of 4.3201 x 104 ppm at Location 1, PAHs concentration of 4.764 x 103 ppm (62.8%) and TPH recording a concentration of 7.583x 103 ppm at Location 2, while Location 3 had PAHs concentration of 9.93 x 102 ppm (30.66%) and TPH concentration of 3.239 x 103 ppm. The total concentrations of the high molecular weight PAHs were lower than those of the low molecular weight PAHs in the samples. Also the concentrations of the individual PAHs were higher in the low molecular weight PAHs. The mean PAHs concentrations of 2707.6 ppm (location 1), 551.5 ppm (location 2) and 90.7 ppm (location 3) are different. Conclusion: The observed  results show that all the sixteen polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons listed as priority pollutants are present in the three crude oil samples with higher concentrations in the light crude oils than in the heavy crude oil and a strong correlation with the total petroleum hydrocarbon concentration. It was also observed that though the ratios of the low molecular weight PAHs to high molecular weight PAHs of the crude oils indicate petrogenic, the unique diagnostic ratios suggest pyrogenic input. There is therefore the need to develop a method of PAHs removal from PAHs contaminated water based on locally available and cheap materials.

scholarly journals Xylitol based phase selective organogelators for potential oil spillage recovery

RSC Advances ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (59) ◽  
pp. 37175-37180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chinthalapati Siva Kesava Raju ◽  
Bhaskar Pramanik ◽  
Raman Ravishankar ◽  
Peddy Venkat Chalapathi Rao ◽  
Gandham Sriganesh
Keyword(s):  
Potential Application ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Crude Oils ◽  
Oil Spillage ◽  
Wide Range

Xylitol based cost effective and easily synthesizable phase selective gelators were developed for strong gelation ability for different crude oils, wide range of refinery products and reported for their potential application in oil spillage recovery.

NOM and MIB, who wins in the competition for activated carbon adsorption sites?

2004 ◽  
Vol 49 (9) ◽  
pp. 257-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Hepplewhite ◽  
G. Newcombe ◽  
D.R.U. Knappe
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Background Concentration ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Activated Carbon Adsorption ◽  
Microporous Carbons ◽  
Adsorption Sites ◽  
Carbon Adsorption ◽  
Competitive Mechanism ◽  
Wide Range

The adsorption of an odour compound common in drinking water, 2-methylisoborneol (MIB), was studied on two activated carbons in the presence of 13 well-characterised natural organic matter (NOM) solutions. It was found that, although the carbons and the NOM solutions had a wide range of characteristics, the major competitive mechanism was the same in all cases. The low molecular weight NOM compounds were the most competitive, participating in a direct competition with the MIB molecule for adsorption sites. Equivalent background concentration (EBC) calculations indicated a relatively low concentration of directly competing compounds in the NOM. Some evidence of pore restriction was also seen, with microporous carbons most affected by low molecular weight NOM, and mesoporous carbons impacted by the higher molecular weight compounds.

scholarly journals Evaporation of Heavy Crude Oil in Soil

2021 ◽  
pp. 59-62
Author(s):  
Etini Etefia ◽  
L. O. Odokuma
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Pour Point ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystem ◽  
Heavy Crude Oil ◽  
Percentage Reduction ◽  
Oil Spillage ◽  
Heavy Crude ◽  
Rate Of Evaporation ◽  
Oil Density

Heavy crude oil spillage on soil threatens productivity and affects the natural biota of the ecosystem. Evaporation is an important parameter increases crude oil density, viscosity and fraction of lower molecular weight substances which reduce its infiltration into the soil and groundwater. The evaporation of heavy crude oil showed API of 21.5, viscosity of 15mm2/s, density 0.8952 g/cm3, pour point of 11.37. The crude oil was exposed to solar radiation for 35 days. The percentage reduction in mass of the crude oil and temperature on five day interval showed 8.22(38OC) on day 0, on day 5 was 8.13(34oC), on day 10 was 5.92(39oC), on day 15 was 5.38(39oC), on day 20 was 3.16(37oC), on day 25 was 2.94(31oC), on day 20 was 2.56 (41oC) and on day 35 was 1.79(38oC). The lighter molecules evaporated first leaving the heavier molecules behind causing a reduction in the rate of evaporation with time. This analysis will be provide insight to modelling oil spill in terrestrial ecosystem.

scholarly journals Neuroprotective Metabolites from Vietnamese Marine Derived Fungi of Aspergillus and Penicillium Genera

Marine Drugs ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 608
Author(s):  
Elena V. Girich ◽  
Anton N. Yurchenko ◽  
Olga F. Smetanina ◽  
Phan Thi Hoai Trinh ◽  
Ngo Thi Duy Ngoc ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Aspergillus Terreus ◽  
Marine Fungi ◽  
2D Nmr ◽  
Natural Source ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
First Time

Low molecular weight secondary metabolites of marine fungi Aspergillus flocculosus, Aspergillus terreus and Penicillium sp. from Van Phong and Nha Trang Bays (Vietnam) were studied and a number of polyketides, bis-indole quinones and terpenoids were isolated. The structures of the isolated compounds were determined by 1D and 2D NMR and HR-ESI-MS techniques. Stereochemistry of some compounds was established based on ECD data. A chemical structure of asterriquinone F (6) was thoroughly described for the first time. Anthraquinone (13) was firstly obtained from a natural source. Neuroprotective influences of the isolated compounds against 6-OHDA, paraquat and rotenone toxicity were investigated. 4-Hydroxyscytalone (1), 4-hydroxy-6-dehydroxyscytalone (2) and demethylcitreoviranol (3) have shown significant increasing of paraquat- and rotenone-treated Neuro-2a cell viability and anti-ROS activity.

scholarly journals Cabozantinib and apixaban: an hitherto unreported interaction

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniele Santini ◽  
Fabrizio Citarella ◽  
Bruno Vincenzi ◽  
Marco Russano ◽  
Giuseppe Tonini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Renal Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Oral Anticoagulant ◽  
Low Molecular Weight Heparin ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Direct Oral Anticoagulant ◽  
Anticancer Treatment ◽  
Pharmaceutical Agents ◽  
First Time

Abstract The use of direct oral anticoagulant in cancer patients is an emerging issue, which seems to be an alternative to low molecular weight heparin. Every year several new drugs are approved as anticancer treatment with possible drug-drug interaction with other drugs such as oral anticoagulant. We describe, for the first time, a case of neutropenia and thrombocytopenia in a patient in treatment with cabozantinib, a novel anticancer treatment used in metastatic renal cell carcinoma, and apixaban with promptly resumption of the toxicity after the interruption of cabozantinib. This case suggest a possible interaction between these two pharmaceutical agents, which merit caution considering the spreading of the two drugs.

Detection of cellulase inhibitor in the wheat bran culture of Aspergillus terreus

1981 ◽  
Vol 27 (12) ◽  
pp. 1334-1340 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. N. Sinha ◽  
B. L. Ghosh ◽  
S. N. Ghose
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Wheat Bran ◽  
Filter Paper ◽  
Aspergillus Terreus ◽  
Defined Medium ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Chemically Defined Medium ◽  
Plant Origin ◽  
First Time ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

The presence of a cellulase inhibitor in the wheat bran culture of a fungus is reported for the first time. The inhibitor has a low molecular weight and is relatively stable to heat. It is absent from wheat bran and is not produced in a chemically defined medium. Unlike cellulase inhibitors of plant origin, this inhibitor is not a polyphenol. It inhibits the hydrolysis of cotton to a greater degree than that of filter paper or carboxymethylcellulose. In addition to inhibiting Aspergillus terreus cellulase, it also inhibits a variety of commercial cellulases.

Studies on lipopolysaccharides of Proteus

1971 ◽  
Vol 17 (11) ◽  
pp. 1385-1394 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. A. Dmitriev ◽  
N. A. Hinton ◽  
R. W. Lowe ◽  
J. K. N. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Weight Fraction ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
The Core ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Homologous Antiserum ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Different Strains ◽  
Second Peak

The polysaccharide moieties of the lipopolysaccharides of serotyped strains of Proteus have been examined. The strains were selected to provide a wide range of serotypes. The primary acetic acid extracts of different strains of Proteus were fractionated on Sephadex G-50 and yielded three main components: a peak (I), which was composed mainly of polysaccharide; a second peak (II), the core polysaccharide, which contained heptose and phosphate; and a third component (III), which corresponded to a low molecular weight fraction and contained KDO and phosphate as well as other components. Peak I was not encountered in rough strains of Proteus. The chemical composition of the peaks obtained for S, SR, and R strains is discussed in relation to their agglutinating ability to homologous antiserum.

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