Fluorescent gold nanoclusters for in vivo target imaging of Alzheimer's disease

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (36) ◽  
pp. 30081-30088 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lanmei Lai ◽  
Chunqiu Zhao ◽  
Xiaoqi Li ◽  
Xiaoli Liu ◽  
Hui Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Gold Nanoclusters ◽  
Target Imaging

Fluorescent gold nanoclusters forin vivotarget imaging provides a new way for rapid and early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease.

scholarly journals Magnetic Nanoparticles as In Vivo Tracers for Alzheimer’s Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Bhargy Sharma ◽  
Konstantin Pervushin
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Contrast Agents ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Pulse Sequences ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
The Brain

Drug formulations and suitable methods for their detection play a very crucial role in the development of therapeutics towards degenerative neurological diseases. For diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a non-invasive clinical technique suitable for early diagnosis. In this review, we will discuss the different experimental conditions which can push MRI as the technique of choice and the gold standard for early diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease. Here, we describe and compare various techniques for administration of nanoparticles targeted to the brain and suitable formulations of nanoparticles for use as magnetically active therapeutic probes in drug delivery targeting the brain. We explore different physiological pathways involved in the transport of such nanoparticles for successful entry in the brain. In our lab, we have used different formulations of iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) and protein nanocages as contrast agents in anatomical MRI of an Alzheimer’s disease (AD) brain. We compare these coatings and their benefits to provide the best contrast in addition to biocompatibility properties to be used as sustainable drug-release systems. In the later sections, the contrast enhancement techniques in MRI studies are discussed. Examples of contrast-enhanced imaging using advanced pulse sequences are discussed with the main focus on important studies in the field of neurological diseases. In addition, T1 contrast agents such as gadolinium chelates are compared with the T2 contrast agents mainly made of superparamagnetic inorganic metal nanoparticles.

Toward an Early Diagnosis and Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease

2003 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 223-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agneta Nordberg
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Amyloid Β ◽  
Symptomatic Therapy ◽  
Amyloid Burden ◽  
Cholesterol Lowering ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
Β Amyloid

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease. There has been a rapid increase in the knowledge of epidemiology, genetics, risk factors, and underlying neuropathological mechanisms, but still there is no cure for AD. Recent promising studies with functional imaging using positron emission tomography (PET) and magnetic resonance imaging reveal that disease processes can be detected when very early subjective symptoms of AD are manifest. Recently the PET ligand PIB was reported to bind in vivo to β-amyloid in the brains of AD patients. Also cerebrospinal fluid markers including tau, phosphotau, and Aβ 1–42 are probably important early biological markers that will provide an early diagnosis of AD. An obvious impairment in central cholinergic transmitter function and its close relation to cognitive function led to the development of the acetylcholinesterase inhibitors that now are used as symptomatic therapy. A drug interfering with the glutaminergic brain transmitter system, the NMDA antagonist memantine, has recently been approved for the treatment of patients with severe AD. In order to stop or reverse disease progression, different AD treatment strategies are of great interest. Epidemiological studies support the hypothesis that long-term treatment with estrogen, antioxidants, anti-inflammatory drugs, and cholesterol-lowering agents could protect against the development of AD. Treatment with these drugs in manifest AD has been less promising. The use of nerve growth factors was limited by severe side effects. Much evidence supports the key role of β-amyloid in the pathogenesis of AD. Compounds such as amyloid β-sheet breakers, cholesterol-lowering drugs, estrogen, nicotine, zinc and copper chelators, inhibitors of β- and γ-secretases, and immunization to reduce the amyloid burden in transgenic mice over-expressing β-amyloid all have their advocates. The latter exciting strategy turned out to cause meningoencephalitis in 6% of AD patients so treated. One patient from the trial has died showing less β-amyloid burden in brain than expected and patients with serum β-amyloid plaque reactive antibodies had less cognitive decline after 1 year than AD patients without antibodies. There is a great optimism for early diagnosis and effective treatment of AD in the future.

scholarly journals Fluoro-substituted cyanine for reliablein vivolabelling of amyloid-β oligomers and neuroprotection against amyloid-β induced toxicity

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 8279-8284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yinhui Li ◽  
Di Xu ◽  
Anyang Sun ◽  
See-Lok Ho ◽  
Chung-Yan Poon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Neuroprotective Effect ◽  
Amyloid Β ◽  
Aβ Oligomers ◽  
Diagnosis And Therapy ◽  
Theranostic Agent ◽  
In Vivo Labelling

A fluoro-substituted cyanine showing reliable in vivo labelling of Aβ oligomers and potent neuroprotective effect against Aβ-induced toxicities is reported as a novel theranostic agent for the early diagnosis and therapy of Alzheimer's disease.

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