Toxicity assessment of precise engineered gold nanoparticles with different shapes in zebrafish embryos

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (39) ◽  
pp. 33009-33013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenjie Wang ◽  
Dan Xie ◽  
Hongzhuo Liu ◽  
Zhihong Bao ◽  
Yongjun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Developmental Toxicity ◽  
Toxicity Assessment ◽  
Zebrafish Embryos ◽  
Zebrafish Model ◽  
Different Shapes

The developmental toxicity of gold nanoparticles with different shape in a zebrafish model was investigated and compared.

scholarly journals Comparative Toxicity Assessment of Kratom Decoction, Mitragynine and Speciociliatine Versus Morphine on Zebrafish (Danio rerio) Embryos

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thenmoly Damodaran ◽  
Nelson Jeng-Yeou Chear ◽  
Vikneswaran Murugaiyah ◽  
Mohd Nizam Mordi ◽  
Surash Ramanathan
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Developmental Toxicity ◽  
Toxicity Assessment ◽  
Spinal Curvature ◽  
Hatching Rate ◽  
Morphological Development ◽  
Zebrafish Embryos ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Zebrafish Model ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner

Background: Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa Korth), a popular opioid-like plant holds its therapeutic potential in pain management and opioid dependence. However, there are growing concerns about the safety or potential toxicity risk of kratom after prolonged use.Aim of the study: The study aimed to assess the possible toxic effects of kratom decoction and its major alkaloids, mitragynine, and speciociliatine in comparison to morphine in an embryonic zebrafish model.Methods: The zebrafish embryos were exposed to kratom decoction (1,000–62.5 μg/ml), mitragynine, speciociliatine, and morphine (100–3.125 μg/ml) for 96 h post-fertilization (hpf). The toxicity parameters, namely mortality, hatching rate, heart rate, and morphological malformations were examined at 24, 48, 72, and 96 hpf, respectively.Results: Kratom decoction at a concentration range of ≥500 μg/ml caused 100% mortality of zebrafish embryos and decreased the hatching rate in a concentration-dependent manner. Meanwhile, mitragynine and speciociliatine exposure resulted in 100% mortality of zebrafish embryos at 100 μg/ml. Both alkaloids caused significant alterations in the morphological development of zebrafish embryos including hatching inhibition and spinal curvature (scoliosis) at the highest concentration. While exposure to morphine induced significant morphological malformations such as pericardial oedema, spinal curvature (lordosis), and yolk edema in zebrafish embryos.Conclusion: Our findings provide evidence for embryonic developmental toxicity of kratom decoction and its alkaloids both mitragynine and speciociliatine at the highest concentration, hence suggesting that kratom consumption may have potential teratogenicity risk during pregnancy and thereby warrants further investigations.

scholarly journals Toxicity Assessment of 4 Azo Dyes in Zebrafish Embryos

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ling-Ling Jiang ◽  
Kang Li ◽  
Dong-Lin Yan ◽  
Mi-Fang Yang ◽  
Lan Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Azo Dyes ◽  
Azo Dye ◽  
Developmental Toxicity ◽  
Toxicity Assessment ◽  
Spinal Curvature ◽  
Zebrafish Embryos ◽  
Sunset Yellow ◽  
Developmental Abnormalities ◽  
Allura Red ◽  
Median Effective Concentration

Azo dyes are used widely as color additives in food, drugs, and cosmetics; hence, there is an increasing concern about their safety and possible health hazards. In the present study, we chose 4 azo dyes tartrazine, Sunset Yellow, amaranth, and Allura red and evaluated their developmental toxicity on zebrafish embryos. At concentration levels of 5 to 50 mM, we found that azo dyes can induce hatching difficulty and developmental abnormalities such as cardiac edema, decreased heart rate, yolk sac edema, and spinal defects including spinal curvature and tail distortion. Exposure to 100 mM of each azo dye was completely embryolethal. The median lethal concentration (LC50), median effective concentration (EC50), and teratogenic index (TI) were calculated for each azo dye at 72 hours postfertilization. For tartrazine, the LC50 was 47.10 mM and EC50 value was at 42.66 mM with TI ratio of 1.10. For Sunset Yellow, the LC50 was 38.93 mM and EC50 value was at 29.81 mM with TI ratio of 1.31. For amaranth, the LC50 was 39.86 mM and EC50 value was at 31.94 mM with TI ratio of 1.25. For Allura red, the LC50 was 47.42 mM and EC50 value was 40.05 mM with TI ratio of 1.18. This study reports the developmental toxicity of azo dyes in zebrafish embryos at concentrations higher than the expected human exposures from consuming food and drugs containing azo dyes.

scholarly journals Developmental Hazard of Environmentally Persistent Free Radicals and Protective Effect of TEMPOL in Zebrafish Model

Toxics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Xia Guan ◽  
Lisa Truong ◽  
Slawomir M. Lomnicki ◽  
Robyn L. Tanguay ◽  
Stephania A. Cormier
Keyword(s):  
Free Radicals ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Thermal Processing ◽  
Zebrafish Embryo ◽  
Developmental Toxicity ◽  
Zebrafish Embryos ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Ultrapure Water ◽  
Final Test ◽  
Zebrafish Model

Environmentally persistent free radicals (EPFRs) can be detected in ambient PM2.5, cigarette smoke, and soils and are formed through combustion and thermal processing of organic materials. The hazards of EPFRs are largely unknown. In this study, we assess the developmental toxicity of EPFRs and the ability of TEMPOL (4-Hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine 1-oxyl) to protect against such hazards using zebrafish embryos. Particles containing EPFRs were acquired by dosing dichlorobenzene (DCB) vapor on the Cab-o-sil/5% CuO particles at 230 °C in vacuo (referred to as DCB-230). The particles were suspended in ultrapure water to make 1 mg/mL of stock solution from which series dilution was undertaken to obtain 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 80, and 100 µg/mL final test solutions, which were then placed in individual wells with a 4 h postfertilization (hpf) zebrafish embryo. Plates were run in duplicate to obtain a sample size of 24 animals per concentration; 12 embryos were exposed per concentration per plate. Statistical analysis of the morphology endpoints was performed. We investigated overt toxicity responses to DCB-230 in a 22-endpoint battery that included developing zebrafish from 24–120 hpf. Exposure to concentrations greater than 60 µg/mL of DCB-230 induced high mortality in the developmental zebrafish model. Exposure to EPFRs induced developmental hazards that were closely related to the concentrations of free radicals and EPFRs. The potential protective effects of TEMPOL against EPFRs’ toxicity in zebrafish were investigated. Exposure to EPFRs plus TEMPOL shifted the concentration to an induced 50% adverse effect (EC50), from 23.6 to 30.8 µg/mL, which verifies TEMPOL’s protective effect against EPFRs in the early phase of zebrafish development.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Noxious Effect of Environmental Contaminants Using Zebrafish Model

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 37
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Developmental Toxicity ◽  
Environmental Pollutant ◽  
Toxicity Study ◽  
Zebrafish Embryos ◽  
Zebrafish Model

Effects of the inorganic chemicals Calcium Fluoride (CaF2) and Hexaflurosilicilic acid (H2SiF2) have been studied due to its excessive usage in drinking water plants, glass manufacturing etc. Toxicity studies on Zebrafish embryos have been carried out for CaF2 and H2SiF2 during the embryonic developmental stages to observe the changes taken place during the growth, development. These changes can be observed in cell differentiation, larval movements, delay in hatching, and by the changes in behavior. Due to the ease with the transparency of zebrafish embryos, it can be observed and manipulated. In the field of early developmental studies, these zebrafish embryos have been vital because they have faster development by which the whole organs get developed in 3 days. Thus it plays a significant role in the discovery and analysis of changes in the developmental aspects of their teratology study. Toxicity study in Adults Zebrafish can be studied through the histology analysis where the cell damage and cell death due to fluorides and acid ions which may also lead to morphological changes due to this environmental pollutant. This toxicity study can be studied based on behavioral effects, LC50 determination, and immunohistochemistry of the brain to observe the developmental neurotoxicity. This study describes the effect of the inorganic chemicals is leading to developmental toxicity, cell deformities, and cell death with the high mortality rate in the In vivo Zebrafish model.

scholarly journals Roots and stems of Kadsura coccinea extract induced developmental toxicity in zebrafish embryos/larvae through apoptosis and oxidative stress

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 1294-1301
Author(s):  
Zhongshang Xia ◽  
Erwei Hao ◽  
Zhangmei Chen ◽  
Mingzhe Zhang ◽  
Yanting Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Developmental Toxicity ◽  
Zebrafish Embryos ◽  
Kadsura Coccinea ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

scholarly journals The Role of Polymeric Coatings for a Safe-by-Design Development of Biomedical Gold Nanoparticles Assessed in Zebrafish Embryo

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1004
Author(s):  
Pamela Floris ◽  
Stefania Garbujo ◽  
Gabriele Rolla ◽  
Marco Giustra ◽  
Lucia Salvioni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Significant Inhibition ◽  
Zebrafish Embryos ◽  
Design Development ◽  
Embryo Viability ◽  
Fish Embryo ◽  
Toxic Response ◽  
Consequent Reduction ◽  
Vertebrate Model ◽  
Safe By Design

In the biomedical field, gold nanoparticles (GNPs) have attracted the attention of the scientific community thanks to their high potential in both diagnostic and therapeutic applications. The extensive use of GNPs led researchers to investigate their toxicity, identifying stability, size, shape, and surface charge as key properties determining their impact on biological systems, with possible strategies defined to reduce it according to a Safe-by-Design (SbD) approach. The purpose of the present work was to analyze the toxicity of GNPs of various sizes and with different coating polymers on the developing vertebrate model, zebrafish. In particular, increasing concentrations (from 0.001 to 1 nM) of 6 or 15 nm poly-(isobutylene-alt-maleic anhydride)-graft-dodecyl polymer (PMA)- or polyethylene glycol (PEG)-coated GNPs were tested on zebrafish embryos using the fish embryo test (FET). While GNP@PMA did not exert significant toxicity on zebrafish embryos, GNP@PEG induced a significant inhibition of embryo viability, a delay of hatching (with the smaller size NPs), and a higher incidence of malformations, in terms of tail morphology and eye development. Transmission electron microscope analysis evidenced that the more negatively charged GNP@PMA was sequestered by the positive charges of chorion proteins, with a consequent reduction in the amount of NPs able to reach the developing embryo and exert toxicological activity. The mild toxic response observed on embryos directly exposed to GNP@PMA suggest that these NPs are promising in terms of SbD development of gold-based biomedical nanodevices. On the other hand, the almost neutral GNP@PEG, which did not interact with the chorion surface and was free to cross chorion pores, significantly impacted the developing zebrafish. The present study raises concerns about the safety of PEGylated gold nanoparticles and contributes to the debated issue of the free use of this nanotool in medicine and nano-biotechnologies.

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