A direct and vicinal functionalization of the 1-methyl-2-quinolone framework: 4-alkoxylation and 3-chlorination

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (22) ◽  
pp. 5128-5135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feiyue Hao ◽  
Haruyasu Asahara ◽  
Nagatoshi Nishiwaki
Keyword(s):  
Sequential Treatment ◽  
Sodium Alkoxide

Bis(functionalization), 4-alkoxylation and 3-chlorination, of the 1-methyl-2-quinolone framework was achieved by a sequential treatment of 3-nitrated 2-quinolones with sodium alkoxide and NCS.

Sequential Treatment of Deep Leg Vein Thrombosis with Porcine Plasmin and Low Dose Streptokinase

1982 ◽  
Vol 48 (02) ◽  
pp. 190-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
G A Marbet ◽  
R Eichlisberger ◽  
F Duckert ◽  
M A de Silva ◽  
L Biland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Dose ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Sequential Treatment ◽  
Factor V ◽  
Complete Dissolution ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Time Treatment ◽  
Lysis Time ◽  
Euglobulin Lysis Time ◽  
Thrombolytic Effect

SummarySequential treatment of deep leg vein thrombosis with porcine plasmin and low dose streptokinase (10,000-20,000 U/h) produces strong systemic fibrinolysis as demonstrated by the sustained decrease of euglobulin lysis time, of thromboplastin time values in percent, fibrinogen and factor V levels. There is a statistically significant negative correlation between thrombolytic results and euglobulin lysis time. Treatment periods below 3 days are unlikely to give satisfactory results. Occluded vein segments with an apparent median age of 4 days including thrombi older than 10 days (20% of cases) are cleared with an average chance of 50%. Complete dissolution of all thrombi proximal to the crural veins has been demonstrated in 47/114 = 41.2%, some thrombolytic effect in 31/114 = 27.2% and treatment failure in 36/114 = 31.6%. The data favour laboratory monitoring of thrombolytic therapy.

Managing the Transition to Edentulousness Using Partial Transitional Dentures for First Time Prosthodontic Patients: Addressing Unrealistic Expectations – A Case Report

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Treatment Outcomes ◽  
Treatment Planning ◽  
Clinical Relevance ◽  
Treatment Plan ◽  
Sequential Treatment ◽  
Aesthetic Result ◽  
Abutment Teeth ◽  
First Time ◽  
Unrealistic Expectations

Aim: The aim of this report is to describe the management of a prosthodontic patient expressing unrealistic expectations with respect to the transition to edentulousness. Objectives: To outline (1) the diagnosis and explicit expectations of the patient on presentation (2) considerations made during treatment planning to address the wishes of the first time prosthodontic patient (3) a sequential treatment plan utilizing transitional partial removable dentures to manage the change to edentulousness (4) functional and aesthetic result achieved. Results: Delivery of immediate removable partial dentures retaining key abutment teeth in upper and lower arches was a viable prosthodontic solution in the transition to edentulousness of a patient expecting unrealistic treatment outcomes. Conclusions: Addressing impractical expectations and devising a treatment plan amenable to both clinician and patient is difficult. Strategies to manage these wishes in prosthodontic dentistry can include transitional partial dentures. Clinical relevance: Practitioners who encounter similar situations may consider this report valuable.

Addition of primary alcohols to 3-chlorononafluoro-1,5-hexadiene and perfluoro-1,3,5-hexatriene

1985 ◽  
Vol 50 (8) ◽  
pp. 1714-1726 ◽  
Author(s):  
Václav Dědek ◽  
Igor Linhart ◽  
Milan Kováč
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Primary Alcohols ◽  
Principal Product ◽  
Allyl Rearrangement ◽  
Concentrated Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Sodium Alkoxide

Sodium alkoxide-catalyzed addition of methanol, ethanol and propanol to 3-chlorononafluoro-1,5-hexadiene (I) proceeds at temperatures -35 °C to 8 °C with allyl rearrangement, affording 1,6-dialkoxy-1,1,2,3,4,4,5,6,6-octafluoro-2,4-hexadiene (V) as the principal product, along with 1,6-dialkoxy-1,2,3,3,4,5,6,6-octafluoro-1,5-diene (VI) and trans-1,6-dialkoxy-1,1,2,3,4,4,5,6,6-nonafluoro-2-hexene (VII). The ethers Va-Vc consist of the cis,trans- and trans,trans-isomers in about 3 : 1 ratio, whereas the ethers VIa-VIc have trans,trans-configuration. Ethers Vc and VIc react with concentrated sulfuric acid to give dipropyl 2,3,4,5-tetrafluoro-2,4-hexadienedioate (IX) and dipropyl 2,3,4,4,5-pentafluoro-2-hexenedioate (X), respectively, whereas the ether VIIc affords a mixture of propyl 6-propyloxy-2,3,4,4,5,6-heptafluoro-2-hexenoate (XI) and ester X. Addition of methanol to perfluoro-1,3,5-hexatriene (II) affords 1,1,2,3,4,5,6,6-octafluoro-1,6-dimethoxy-3-hexene (XIII) as the principal product.

Increased Sensitization of Shrimp Microflora to Hypochlorite following a Sodium Bisulfite Dip1

1984 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 375-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARIA L. PYLE ◽  
JOHN A. KOBURGER
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Bacterial Load ◽  
Sodium Bisulfite ◽  
Microbial Flora ◽  
Sequential Treatment ◽  
Antimicrobial Effectiveness ◽  
Iced Storage

Various concentrations of hypochlorite (12.5 to 200 ppm) and sodium bisulfite (0.15 to 2.50%) applied singly and as successive dips were compared for their effect on the microbial flora of shrimp. It was found that sodium bisulfite exhibited antimicrobial activity at all concentrations tested, with a 50% reduction in bacterial numbers at a concentration of 2.5%. Hypochlorite reduced the bacterial load 75% at a concentration of 200 ppm. Under certain conditions a sequential treatment of shrimp with bisulfite, followed by a hypochlorite dip, significantly increased the antimicrobial effectiveness of the hypochlorite. This synergistic effect, however, was not apparent on shrimp following 24 h of iced storage.

scholarly journals Sublethal Injury and Resuscitation of Candida albicans after Amphotericin B Treatment

2003 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 1200-1206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert S. Liao ◽  
Robert P. Rennie ◽  
James A. Talbot
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Amphotericin B ◽  
Antifungal Agents ◽  
Sybr Green ◽  
Sequential Treatment ◽  
Tetrazolium Salt ◽  
Fungal Cell ◽  
Sublethal Injury

ABSTRACT Amphotericin B treatment was previously shown to inhibit Candida albicans reproduction and reduce the fluorescence of vitality-specific dyes without causing a corresponding increase in the fluorescence of the mortality-specific dyes bis-(1,3-dibutylbarbituric acid)trimethine oxonol and SYBR Green Ι. In the present study, we have confirmed these results and have shown that the numbers of CFU are reduced by 99.9% by treatment with 0.5 μg of amphotericin B per ml for 10 h at 35°C. This reduction was not due to fungal cell death. First, the level of reduction of the tetrazolium salt 2,3-bis(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-5-[(phenylamino)carbonyl]-2H-tetrazolium hydroxide increased in the presence of concentrations of amphotericin B that caused greater than 90% reductions in the numbers of CFU. Second, fungal cells treated with amphotericin B at a concentration of 0.5 μg/ml were resuscitated by further incubation at 22°C for 15 h in the continued presence of amphotericin B. Third, recovery of the ability to replicate was prevented by sequential treatment with 20 μg of miconazole per ml, which also increased the fluorescence of mortality-specific dyes to near the maximal levels achieved with 0.9 μg of amphotericin B per ml. Sequential treatment with fluconazole and flucytosine did not increase the levels of staining with the mortality-specific dyes. Itraconazole was less effective than ketoconazole, which was less effective than miconazole. The practice of equating the loss of the capacity of C. albicans to form colonies with fungal cell death may give incorrect results in assays with amphotericin B, and the results of assays with caution with other antifungal agents that are lipophilic or that possess significant postantifungal effects may need to be interpreted.

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