High-throughput malaria parasite separation using a viscoelastic fluid for ultrasensitive PCR detection

Lab on a Chip ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 2086-2092 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeonghun Nam ◽  
Yong Shin ◽  
Justin Kok Soon Tan ◽  
Ying Bena Lim ◽  
Chwee Teck Lim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microfluidic Device ◽  
Viscoelastic Fluid ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Rapid Detection ◽  
Malaria Parasite ◽  
Particle Separation ◽  
Pcr Detection ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Malaria Parasites

A novel microfluidic device for high-throughput particle separation using a viscoelastic fluid, which enables rapid detection of extremely rare malaria parasites by using PCR analysis, is proposed.

A continuous-flow high-throughput microfluidic device for airborne bacteria PCR detection

Lab on a Chip ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 671-676 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiran Jiang ◽  
Wenwen Jing ◽  
Lulu Zheng ◽  
Sixiu Liu ◽  
Wenjuan Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microfluidic Device ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Pcr Detection ◽  
Airborne Bacteria

scholarly journals A cornucopia of research resources for the fourth rodent malaria parasite species

BMC Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane M. Carlton
Keyword(s):  
Malaria Parasite ◽  
Parasite Species ◽  
First Century ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Rodent Malaria Parasite ◽  
Malaria Parasites ◽  
Rodent Malaria ◽  
Human Malaria ◽  
Plasmodium Vinckei ◽  
Research Resources

AbstractThe study of human malaria caused by species of Plasmodium has undoubtedly been enriched by the use of model systems, such as the rodent malaria parasites originally isolated from African thicket rats. A significant gap in the arsenal of resources of the species that make up the rodent malaria parasites has been the lack of any such tools for the fourth of the species, Plasmodium vinckei. This has recently been rectified by Abhinay Ramaprasad and colleagues, whose pivotal paper published in BMC Biology describes a cornucopia of new P. vinckei ‘omics datasets, mosquito transmission experiments, transfection protocols, and virulence phenotypes, to propel this species firmly into the twenty-first century.

scholarly journals Malaria parasite detection in thick blood smear microscopic images using modified YOLOV3 and YOLOV4 models

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fetulhak Abdurahman ◽  
Kinde Anlay Fante ◽  
Mohammed Aliy
Keyword(s):  
Object Detection ◽  
Malaria Parasite ◽  
Blood Smear ◽  
Clustering Algorithm ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Detection Accuracy ◽  
Small Object ◽  
Thick Blood Smear ◽  
Malaria Parasites ◽  
Microscopic Images

Abstract Background Manual microscopic examination of Leishman/Giemsa stained thin and thick blood smear is still the “gold standard” for malaria diagnosis. One of the drawbacks of this method is that its accuracy, consistency, and diagnosis speed depend on microscopists’ diagnostic and technical skills. It is difficult to get highly skilled microscopists in remote areas of developing countries. To alleviate this problem, in this paper, we propose to investigate state-of-the-art one-stage and two-stage object detection algorithms for automated malaria parasite screening from microscopic image of thick blood slides. Results YOLOV3 and YOLOV4 models, which are state-of-the-art object detectors in accuracy and speed, are not optimized for detecting small objects such as malaria parasites in microscopic images. We modify these models by increasing feature scale and adding more detection layers to enhance their capability of detecting small objects without notably decreasing detection speed. We propose one modified YOLOV4 model, called YOLOV4-MOD and two modified models of YOLOV3, which are called YOLOV3-MOD1 and YOLOV3-MOD2. Besides, new anchor box sizes are generated using K-means clustering algorithm to exploit the potential of these models in small object detection. The performance of the modified YOLOV3 and YOLOV4 models were evaluated on a publicly available malaria dataset. These models have achieved state-of-the-art accuracy by exceeding performance of their original versions, Faster R-CNN, and SSD in terms of mean average precision (mAP), recall, precision, F1 score, and average IOU. YOLOV4-MOD has achieved the best detection accuracy among all the other models with a mAP of 96.32%. YOLOV3-MOD2 and YOLOV3-MOD1 have achieved mAP of 96.14% and 95.46%, respectively. Conclusions The experimental results of this study demonstrate that performance of modified YOLOV3 and YOLOV4 models are highly promising for detecting malaria parasites from images captured by a smartphone camera over the microscope eyepiece. The proposed system is suitable for deployment in low-resource setting areas.

scholarly journals Genome sequence, transcriptome, and annotation of rodent malaria parasite Plasmodium yoelii nigeriensis N67

BMC Genomics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cui Zhang ◽  
Cihan Oguz ◽  
Sue Huse ◽  
Lu Xia ◽  
Jian Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Malaria Parasite ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Gene Families ◽  
Plasmodium Yoelii ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Malaria Parasites ◽  
Rodent Malaria

Abstract Background Rodent malaria parasites are important models for studying host-malaria parasite interactions such as host immune response, mechanisms of parasite evasion of host killing, and vaccine development. One of the rodent malaria parasites is Plasmodium yoelii, and multiple P. yoelii strains or subspecies that cause different disease phenotypes have been widely employed in various studies. The genomes and transcriptomes of several P. yoelii strains have been analyzed and annotated, including the lethal strains of P. y. yoelii YM (or 17XL) and non-lethal strains of P. y. yoelii 17XNL/17X. Genomic DNA sequences and cDNA reads from another subspecies P. y. nigeriensis N67 have been reported for studies of genetic polymorphisms and parasite response to drugs, but its genome has not been assembled and annotated. Results We performed genome sequencing of the N67 parasite using the PacBio long-read sequencing technology, de novo assembled its genome and transcriptome, and predicted 5383 genes with high overall annotation quality. Comparison of the annotated genome of the N67 parasite with those of YM and 17X parasites revealed a set of genes with N67-specific orthology, expansion of gene families, particularly the homologs of the Plasmodium chabaudi erythrocyte membrane antigen, large numbers of SNPs and indels, and proteins predicted to interact with host immune responses based on their functional domains. Conclusions The genomes of N67 and 17X parasites are highly diverse, having approximately one polymorphic site per 50 base pairs of DNA. The annotated N67 genome and transcriptome provide searchable databases for fast retrieval of genes and proteins, which will greatly facilitate our efforts in studying the parasite biology and gene function and in developing effective control measures against malaria.

Microfluidic device for sheathless particle focusing and separation using a viscoelastic fluid

2015 ◽  
Vol 1406 ◽  
pp. 244-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeonghun Nam ◽  
Bumseok Namgung ◽  
Chwee Teck Lim ◽  
Jung-Eun Bae ◽  
Hwa Liang Leo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microfluidic Device ◽  
Viscoelastic Fluid ◽  
Particle Focusing

High throughput PCR detection of HCV based on semiautomated multisample RNA capture

1997 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juraj Petrik ◽  
Gavin J.M. Pearson ◽  
Jean-Pierre Allain
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput ◽  
Pcr Detection

scholarly journals Adaptive Drug Resistance in Malaria Parasite: A Threat to Malaria Elimination Agenda?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moses Okpeku
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Malaria Elimination ◽  
Malaria Parasite ◽  
Disease Burden ◽  
Drug Application ◽  
African Region ◽  
Malaria Parasites ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Host Development

Malaria is a global disease of importance, especially in the sub-Saharan African region, where malaria accounts for great losses economically and to life. Fight to eliminate this disease has resulted in reduced disease burden in many places where the diseases is endemic. Elimination strategies in most places is focus on the use of treated nets and drug application. Exposure of malaria parasites to anti-malaria drugs have led to the evolution of drug resistance in both parasites and host. Development of drug resistance vary but, studies on adaptive drug resistance has implications and consequences. Our knowledge of this consequences are limited but important for the pursuit of an uninterrupted malaria elimination agenda. This chapter draws our attention to this risks and recommends interventions.

scholarly journals OVERVIEW OF MALARIA PARASITE AND ITS PREVENTION IN INDIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adil Raza ◽  
Megha Chaudhary ◽  
Sonika Devi
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Malaria Parasite ◽  
Plasmodium Species ◽  
Peripheral Blood Smear ◽  
Infected Mosquito ◽  
Protozoan Parasites ◽  
Malaria Parasites ◽  
Genus Plasmodium

Background: Malaria is a systematic disease caused by a parasite called Plasmodium which is transmitted into the human blood via female Anopheles mosquito. Malaria in humans is caused by four species of protozoan parasites of the genus Plasmodium: P. falciparum, P. vivax, P. ovale, and P. malariae. The parasite enters the human body through a mosquito bite and travel to the very crucial organ, the liver, where they multiply and come back to the bloodstream and destroy red blood cells. Malaria causes symptoms that typically include fever, tiredness, vomiting, and headaches. In severe cases it can cause yellow skin, seizures, coma, or death. Symptoms usually begin ten to fifteen days after being bitten by an infected mosquito. In those who have recently survived an infection, reinfection usually causes milder symptoms. Objectives: Isolation of different species of malaria parasites. The prevalence of malaria parasite in India. Methods: The procedure follows these steps: collection of peripheral blood, staining of smear with Leishman’s stain and examination of red blood cells for malaria parasites under the microscope. Results: We observed the plasmodium species in peripheral blood smear. Conclusion: Worldwide, the number of cases of malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum, the most dangerous species of the parasite, is on the rise.

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