Facile and selective hydrogenolysis of β-O-4 linkages in lignin catalyzed by Pd–Ni bimetallic nanoparticles supported on ZrO2

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (23) ◽  
pp. 6229-6235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia-wei Zhang ◽  
Yao Cai ◽  
Guo-ping Lu ◽  
Chun Cai
Keyword(s):  
Bimetallic Nanoparticles ◽  
Ambient Pressure ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
Hydrogen Donor ◽  
Selective Hydrogenolysis ◽  
Neutral Conditions

The β-O-4 linkage in lignin can be selectively cleaved by Pd–Ni bimetallic nanoparticles supported on ZrO2 using hydrogen gas as the hydrogen donor under ambient pressure and neutral conditions.

The selective hydrogenolysis of C–O bonds in lignin model compounds by Pd–Ni bimetallic nanoparticles in ionic liquids

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (35) ◽  
pp. 11884-11889 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kang-kang Sun ◽  
Guo-ping Lu ◽  
Jia-wei Zhang ◽  
Chun Cai
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Bimetallic Nanoparticles ◽  
Ambient Pressure ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
Hydrogen Donor ◽  
Model Compounds ◽  
Lignin Model Compounds ◽  
Selective Hydrogenolysis ◽  
Lignin Model ◽  
Neutral Conditions

β-O-4 and α-O-4 linkages can be selectively cleaved by Pd–Ni bimetallic nanoparticles in ionic liquids using hydrogen gas as the hydrogen donor under ambient pressure and neutral conditions.

scholarly journals Theoretical Study on the Mechanism of Hydrogen Donation and Transfer for Hydrogen-Donor Solvents during Direct Coal Liquefaction

Catalysts ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 648 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haigang Hao ◽  
Tong Chang ◽  
Linxia Cui ◽  
Ruiqing Sun ◽  
Rui Gao
Keyword(s):  
Density Functional ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
Hydrogen Donor ◽  
Coal Liquefaction ◽  
Hydrogen Atoms ◽  
Functional Theory ◽  
Donor Solvent ◽  
National Energy Security ◽  
Liquefaction Process ◽  
Direct Coal Liquefaction

As a country that is poor in petroleum yet rich in coal, it is significant for China to develop direct coal liquefaction (DCL) technology to relieve the pressure from petroleum shortages to guarantee national energy security. To improve the efficiency of the direct coal liquefaction process, scientists and researchers have made great contributions to studying and developing highly efficient hydrogen donor (H-donor) solvents. Nevertheless, the details of hydrogen donation and the transfer pathways of H-donor solvents are still unclear. The present work examined hydrogen donation and transfer pathways using a model H-donor solvent, tetralin, by density functional theory (DFT) calculation. The reaction condition and state of the solvent (gas or liquid) were considered, and the specific elementary reaction routes for hydrogen donation and transfer were calculated. In the DCL process, the dominant hydrogen donation mechanism was the concerted mechanism. The sequence of tetralin donating hydrogen atoms was α-H (C1–H) > δ-H (C4–H) > β-H (C2–H) > γ-H (C3–H). Compared to methyl, it was relatively hard for benzyl to obtain the first hydrogen atom from tetralin, while it was relatively easy to obtain the second and third hydrogen atoms from tetralin. Comparatively, it was easier for coal radicals to capture hydrogen atoms from the H-donor solvent than to obtain hydrogen atoms from hydrogen gas.

scholarly journals Sustainable Hydrogenation of Nitroarenes to Anilines with Highly Active In-Situ Generated Copper Nanoparticles

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatma Pelin Kinik ◽  
Tu Ngugen ◽  
Mounir Mensi ◽  
Christopher Ireland ◽  
Kyriakos Stylianou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ambient Pressure ◽  
Hydrogenation Reaction ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Drug Molecules ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Earth Abundant ◽  
Stability Issues

<div> <div> <div> <p>Metal nanoparticles (NPs) are usually stabilized by a capping agent, a surfactant, or a support material, to maintain their integrity. However, these strategies can impact their intrinsic catalytic activity. Here, we demonstrate that the in-situ formation of copper NPs (Cu0NPs) upon the reduction of the earth-abundant Jacquesdietrichite mineral with ammonia borane (NH3BH3, AB) can provide an alternative solution for stability issues. During the formation of Cu0NPs, hydrogen gas is released from AB, and utilized for the reduction of nitroarenes to their corresponding anilines, at room temperature and under ambient pressure. After the nitroarene-to-aniline conversion is completed, regeneration of the mineral occurs upon the exposure of Cu0NPs to air. Thus, the hydrogenation reaction can be performed multiple times without the loss of the Cu0NPs’ activity. As a proof-of-concept, the hydrogenation of drug molecules “flutamide” and “nimesulide” was also performed and isolated their corresponding amino-compounds in high selectivity and yield. </p> </div> </div> </div>

Bimetallic Nanoparticles of PtCu and PtNi; Synthesis and CO Oxidation Catalysis

2009 ◽  
Vol 1217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takao A. Yamamoto ◽  
Takashi Nakagawa ◽  
Satoshi Seino ◽  
Hiroaki Nitani
Keyword(s):  
Electron Beam ◽  
Co Oxidation ◽  
Bimetallic Nanoparticles ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
Oxidation Catalysis ◽  
Water Radiolysis ◽  
Metallic State ◽  
Iron Oxide Particles ◽  
Preferential Oxidation Of Co ◽  
Aqueous Ions

AbstractBimetallic nanoparticles of PtCu and PtNi supported on iron oxide particles were synthesized by a new method employing a 4.8-MeV electron beam as a trigger for reduction of their aqueous ions, and their CO oxidation catalysis was evaluated to find activities enhanced by the alloying. Sample materials of PtCu (PtNi) bimetallic grains supported on γ-Fe2O3 particles were synthesized by irradiating with the electron beam a glass vial containing precursors in an aqueous solution. The vial contains aqueous ions of platinum and copper (nickel) and γ-Fe2O3 particles of average size of 30 nm. The irradiation induces water radiolysis generating reducing species, such as hydrated electrons, and metallic nanograins are formed and stabilized on the support material. The irradiation was finished in several seconds without using any organic solvent and any surfactant. The average grain sizes observed with a TEM were around 3 nm in diameter. XRD patterns of PtCu samples exhibited the FCC structure with peak shifts obeying the Vegard’s law at low Cu concentrations. X-ray absorption spectra measured at edges of the constituent elements indicated that Pt is in the metallic state and coordinates certainly with Cu or Ni. Catalytic activity of CO oxidation of the material was evaluated by measuring residual CO contents in air in contact with the sample material by using a gas-chromatograph. The activities of the PtCu and PtNi samples were higher than that of monolithic Pt on γ-Fe2O3. The correlation between the atomic structure in these nanograins and their activities was investigated, which indicated that the random alloy enhances the activity. These bimetallic nanoparticles are expected as catalysts for preferential oxidation of CO in hydrogen gas fed to fuel cells.

scholarly journals Energy Densification of Biomass-Derived Furfurals to Furanic Biofuels by Catalytic Hydrogenation and Hydrodeoxygenation Reactions

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 521-549
Author(s):  
Nivedha Vinod ◽  
Saikat Dutta
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Hydrogenation ◽  
Critical Discussion ◽  
Catalyst Design ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
Hydrogen Donor ◽  
Hydroxymethyl Furfural ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Furanic Compounds

The concomitant hydrolysis and dehydration of biomass-derived cellulose and hemicellulose to furfural (FUR) and 5-(hydroxymethyl)furfural (HMF) under acid catalysis allows a dramatic reduction in the oxygen content of the parent sugar molecules with a 100% carbon economy. However, most applications of FUR or HMF necessitate synthetic modifications. Catalytic hydrogenation and hydrogenolysis have been recognized as efficient strategies for the selective deoxygenation and energy densification of biomass-derived furfurals generating water as the sole byproduct. Efficient and eco-friendly catalysts have been developed for the selective hydrogenation of furfurals affording renewable furanic compounds such as 2-methylfuran, 2,5-dimethylfuran and 2-methyltetrahydrofuran with potential applications as biofuel, solvent and chemical feedstock. Hydrogen gas or hydrogen donor molecules, required for the above processes, can also be renewably obtained from biomass using catalytic processes, enabling a circular economy. In this review, the recent developments in the energy densification of furfurals to furanic compounds of commercial significance are elaborated, emphasizing the role of catalyst and the reaction parameters employed. Critical discussion on sourcing hydrogen gas required for the processes, using hydrogen donor solvents, catalyst design and the potential markets of furanic intermediates have been made. Critical evaluations of the accomplishments and challenges in this field are also provided.

Mechanism of Annealing Treatment Effect on the Gasochromic Properties of WO3 Bulks and Films

2013 ◽  
Vol 537 ◽  
pp. 179-183
Author(s):  
Xiao Bo Jin ◽  
Guang Ming Wu ◽  
Guo Hua Gao ◽  
Wei Feng ◽  
Zeng Hai Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Effect ◽  
Fourier Transforms ◽  
Ambient Pressure ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Annealing Treatment ◽  
Dip Coating ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
Structural Water ◽  
Coating Method ◽  
Dip Coating Method

Nanostructural WO3 materials exhibit excellent gasochormism performance under the action of the hydrogen gas. In this paper, we study the mechanism of annealing treatment effect on the gasochromic properties both of the WO3 bulks and WO3 films. WO3 bulks were prepared from WO3 sol and dried under ambient pressure, which was previously synthesized via sol-gel method. The WO3 films were prepared using dip-coating method. UV-visible spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and X-ray diffraction spectra (XRD) were utilized to investigate components, structures and gasochromic properties. And we find that the mechanism of the thermal treatment on the gasochromic performance depends on H+ diffusion velocity which largely relies on the structural water content.

Selective hydrogenolysis of 5-hydroxymethlfurfural to 2,5-dimethylfuran with ethanol as hydrogen donor over β-Mo2C embedded in carbon microsphere

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ningning Cao ◽  
Yong Chen ◽  
Kaiyun Lu ◽  
Chengming Wu ◽  
Buzaynafu Abudila ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Hydrogen Donor ◽  
Carbon Microsphere ◽  
Selective Hydrogenolysis ◽  
Facile Fabrication

The facile fabrication of low-cost and high active catalysts for selective hydrogenolysis of 5-hydroxymethlfurfural (5-HMF) to 2,5-dimethylfuran (2,5-DMF) using renewable and economical ethanol as hydrogen donor is still a significant...

Development of Lean Alloyed Austenitic Stainless Steels with Reduced Tendency to Hydrogen Environment Embrittlement

2012 ◽  
Vol 706-709 ◽  
pp. 1041-1046 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Weber ◽  
Mauro Martin ◽  
Werner Theisen
Keyword(s):  
Ambient Pressure ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steels ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
Austenitic Steels ◽  
Hydrogen Atoms ◽  
Aisi 304 ◽  
Austenite Stability ◽  
Environmental Embrittlement

Hydrogen gas is believed to play a more important role for energy supply in future instationary and mobile applications. In most cases, metallic materials are embrittled when hydrogen atoms are dissolved interstitially into their lattice. Concerning steels, in particular the ductility of ferritic grades is degraded in the presence of hydrogen. In contrast, austenitic steels usually show a lower tendency to hydrogen embrittlement. However, the so-called “metastable” austenitic steels are prone to hydrogen environmental embrittlement (HEE), too. Here, AISI 304 type austenitic steel was tensile tested in air at ambient pressure and in a 400 bar hydrogen gas atmosphere at room temperature. The screening of different alloys in the compositional range of the AISI 304 standard was performed with the ambition to optimize alloying for hydrogen applications. The results of the mechanical tests reveal the influence of the alloying elements Cr, Ni, Mn and Si on HEE. Besides nickel, a positive influence of silicon and chromium was found. Experimental results are supported by thermodynamic equilibrium calculations concerning austenite stability and stacking fault energy. All in all, the results of this work are useful for alloy design for hydrogen applications. A concept for a lean alloyed austenitic stainless steel is finally presented.

Simultaneous COD removal and denitrification of wastewater by bio-electro reactors

1997 ◽  
Vol 35 (8) ◽  
pp. 161-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kuroda ◽  
T. Watanabe ◽  
Y. Umedu
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Electric Current ◽  
Denitrifying Bacteria ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
Cod Removal ◽  
Hydrogen Donor ◽  
Continuous Treatment ◽  
Synthetic Wastewater ◽  
Internal Source ◽  
Nitrogen Gas

Application of a bio-electro reactor process for the treatment of wastewater containing nitrate and internal source of hydrogen donor as organic matter was experimentally investigated. The bio-electro reactor consisted of immobilized denitrifying bacteria electrode as cathode and carbon electrode as anode. Hydrogen gas was produced on the cathode surface by the electrolysis of water when electric current was applied, and immediately utilized to reduce biologically nitrate to nitrogen gas by the cathodic immobilized denitrifying bacteria. Consumption characteristics of organic matter and utilization of hydrogen gas derived from the electrolysis of water for denitrification was studied by batch experiments. Continuous treatment experiments using a synthetic wastewater containing nitrate and organic matter were carried out to investigate the denitrification and organic matter removal performances. Denitrification occurred with simultaneous utilization of organic matter existed as internal source of hydrogen donor in the wastewater and hydrogen gas by electrolysis of water. Hydrogen gas was utilized efficiently for denitrification even if excess amount of organic hydrogen donor existed in wastewater. In this bio-electro reactor system, it was confirmed that COD as well as nitrate was removed simultaneously by applied electric current in continuous experiment, though further investigation are necessary to analyze the COD removal by applied electric current in detail.

Catalytic Dechlorination of Para-Nitrochlorobenzne in Wastewater through a Nanoscale Nickel-Iron Bimetallic Catalyst

2012 ◽  
Vol 535-537 ◽  
pp. 2257-2263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shao Feng Niu ◽  
Chun Hui Li ◽  
Yan Peng Cai
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Rate ◽  
Bimetallic Nanoparticles ◽  
Bimetallic Catalyst ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
Nickel Iron ◽  
Negative Linear Correlation ◽  
Catalytic Dechlorination ◽  
Loading Ratio ◽  
Reaction Activation Energy

In this research, nickel/iron (Ni/Fe) bimetallic nanoparticles were used for the dechlorination of para-nitrochlorobenzene (p-NCB) which could be identified in contaminated soil and wastewater. In the reaction, Ni acted as a collector of hydrogen and the Fe was corroded for producing hydrogen gas. p-NCB was rapidly adsorbed onto the surface of the nanoparticles. Then, p-NCB was degraded to p-CAN and reduced to aniline, or dechlorinated directly to aniline. It was indicated that Ni loading ratio, Ni/Fe mass ratio, and reaction temperature could greatly affect the dechlorination process of p-NCB. Under similar conditions, when 6 g/L of nanoscale Ni/Fe was used, the dechlorination efficiencies reached 25.9 and 100% under 0.5 and 2.0% of Ni/Fe mass ratios, respectively. Thus, a negative linear correlation between the reaction rate and the initial concentration of p-NCB (within a range of 20 to 80 mg/l) could be observed. The reaction activation energy of 94.6 kJ/mol was obtained within the temperature range of 15 to 35 °C.

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