Recycling of chromium wastes from the tanning industry to produce ceramic nanopigments

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (19) ◽  
pp. 5342-5356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graziele da Costa Cunha ◽  
Janaina Alves Peixoto ◽  
Daiane Requião de Souza ◽  
Luciane Pimenta Cruz Romão ◽  
Zélia Soares Macedo
Keyword(s):  
Chromium Wastes ◽  
Tanning Industry ◽  
Color Reproducibility

Growth in the use of colored ceramics and the demand for better quality have stimulated research into the development of new classes of pigments with superior durability and color reproducibility, which can be produced using inexpensive, straightforward, and eco-friendly synthesis procedures.

scholarly journals Thermoplastic Blends Based on Poly(Butylene Succinate-co-Adipate) and Different Collagen Hydrolysates from Tanning Industry—II: Aerobic Biodegradation in Composting Medium

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Altieri ◽  
Maurizia Seggiani ◽  
Alessandro Esposito ◽  
Patrizia Cinelli ◽  
Vitale Stanzione
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Aerobic Biodegradation ◽  
Lepidium Sativum ◽  
Biodegradation Rate ◽  
Butylene Succinate ◽  
Dog Bone ◽  
Thermoplastic Blends ◽  
Collagen Hydrolysates ◽  
By Products ◽  
Tanning Industry

AbstractTwo different raw hydrolyzed collagens (HCs), by-products of the Tannery industry, were investigated in blends with a bioplastic, as poly(butylene succinate-co-adipate) (PBSA), for the production of thermoplastic items for possible applications in agriculture. Chemical characterization of selected PBSA/HC blends and phytotoxicity assays on garden cress seeds (Lepidium sativum L.), used as spy species, were carried out; in addition, biodegradation and disintegration of specimens were assessed under controlled composting conditions at different temperature (58 and 25 °C). Although one of the HC investigated released sodium chloride in the aqueous extract, all PBSA/HC blends, up to 20 wt.% HC, resulted no-phytotoxic and showed considerable amounts of macro- and micro- nutrients for plants (mainly nitrogen). Regardless the amount added, HCs enhanced the biodegradation rate of PBSA/HC blends in compost at 58 °C compared to pure PBSA; lowering the temperature at 25 °C, as expected, biodegradation rate slightly lowered using the same compost. Most disintegration tests, performed on dog bone samples, corroborated the results of the biodegradation tests, thus suggesting that plastic mixtures could reasonably end their life cycle in a composting facility without decreasing the quality and the safety of the resulting compost. The outcomes achieved encourage the use of raw collagen hydrolysates from tanning industry in the production of PBSA-based thermoplastic blends to produce compostable items (mulching films and/or plant pots) for more sustainable uses in agriculture and/or plant nurseries. In addition, the use of these low-cost by-products can lower the cost of final product and give it fertilizing properties for plants given the presence of organic nitrogen in the hydrolysates.

Laccase-catalyzed enzymatic dyeing of cotton fabrics

2021 ◽  
pp. 004051752110069
Author(s):  
Rıza Atav ◽  
Bürhan Buğdaycı ◽  
Ömer Bozkurt ◽  
Aylin Yıldız ◽  
Elçin Güneş ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Uv Protection ◽  
Infrared Analysis ◽  
Synthetic Dyes ◽  
Protection Factor ◽  
Knitted Fabrics ◽  
Reactive Dyeing ◽  
Dyeing Process ◽  
Laccase Enzyme ◽  
Color Reproducibility

As some synthetic dyes are regarded to be toxic, mutagenic and carcinogenic, the search for eco-friendly alternatives for the synthesis of dyes and coloration has gained importance. For this reason, this study focused on finding new eco-friendly alternatives for coloring cotton. 100% cotton knitted fabrics were subjected to enzymatic coloration using a commercial laccase enzyme and various precursors. After determining the colors, the effect of pH on the enzymatic dyeing process was investigated. Then the optimization of reaction conditions was also realized statistically for the precursors giving the best results in terms of color. With the aim of obtaining further improvements in color-yield values obtained in enzymatic dyeings, the effect of the pretreatment process and the use of ultrasound were also investigated. Furthermore, the reaction pathways in enzymatic coloration were explained and results were confirmed by means of Fourier Transformed Infrared analysis. As a result of experimental studies, red and lilac colors could be successfully obtained on cotton for the first time in the literature. In this way, the theoretical basis of enzymatic dye synthesis and dyeing of cotton was clarified comprehensively. Furthermore, technical (color reproducibility; washing, rubbing, light and perspiration-fastness values; and UV protection factor), economical (chemical, energy and water consumption required for dyeing (including aftertreatments) of 1 kg fabric) and ecological aspects of enzymatic dyeings were compared with reactive dyeing. According to the experimental results it was found that biological treatment alone was enough for wastewater of enzymatic coloring, while chemical treatment will also be needed in reactive dyeing wastewater. Furthermore, color reproducibility, evenness and UV protection properties of dyed samples were comparable with that of reactive dyeings. However, in terms of the fastness levels achieved, the enzymatic coloring was far behind the reactive dyeing.

Use and minimization of water in leather tanning processes

1999 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 237-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Tünay ◽  
I. Kabdaşlı ◽  
D. Orhon ◽  
G. Cansever
Keyword(s):  
Water Use ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Extensive Study ◽  
Pollution Load ◽  
Leather Processing ◽  
Leather Tanning ◽  
High Pollution ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Tanning Industry

Minimization of water use and reuse applications within industry has recently gained importance within the context of water conservation efforts. The leather tanning industry is one of the subject industries due to large amount of water to be disposed of together with a high pollution load. The leather tanning industry has a complex structure in terms of materials, processes and manufacturing practices. Therefore a systematic approach is required to assess water use practice. In this study, bovine leather processing was taken as an example. An extensive study was conducted as on-site evaluations and questionnaires in the İstanbul Organized Leather Tanning District to assess water use practices, patterns and minimization trends. Results of the study were discussed and important aspects of water minimization practices have been pointed out.

scholarly journals Development and Conditions of Location of Tanning Industry Quarters in Tokyo

1963 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 27-38
Author(s):  
ATSUHIKO TAKEUCHI ◽  
YOSHIYUKI KITAMURA
Keyword(s):  
Tanning Industry

Study of the evaporation process of saline waste from the tanning industry

2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 467-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Bódalo ◽  
J.L. Gómez ◽  
E. Gómez ◽  
A.M. Hidalgo ◽  
A. Alemán
Keyword(s):  
Evaporation Process ◽  
Saline Waste ◽  
Tanning Industry

Hudson River Fishes and their Environment

2006 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Hudson River ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Soil Productivity ◽  
Sediment Loading ◽  
Ecological Relationships ◽  
Indian Agriculture ◽  
European Colonization ◽  
Tanning Industry

<em>Abstract.</em>—Using a combination of data sources and historic or contemporary accounts, we describe and document changes in the Hudson River watershed’s population size, agricultural and forested land uses, and the construction of dams, largely since the time of European colonization. Population within the watershed has grown from 230,000 at the time of the first census in 1790 to around 5 million today (not including parts of those boroughs of New York City outside the watershed, such as Queens). The watershed was almost entirely forested in 1609, with minor amounts of Indian agriculture. By 1880, approximately 68% of the watershed was farmland, but as soil productivity declined and industry created other jobs, much cleared land gradually reverted to secondary forest. Most land not in agriculture was forested and exploited first for lumber and tanbark and, later on, pulpwood for paper. The tanning industry existed from the 1700s, but reached its height in the mid-1800s, collapsing from a combination of resource (hemlock) exhaustion and market forces. Finally, available records list nearly 800 dams, ranging from 0.6 m to 213 m (Ashokan Reservoir) in height and with maximum storage of 1.07 km<sup>3</sup> (Sacandaga Reservoir), that were constructed from the early 18<sup>th</sup> century until 1993. The environmental legacies of these changes include effects on hydrology, soils, vegetation, biogeochemical cycling, sediment loading, and ecological relationships

scholarly journals Optimization of Digital Transfer Textile Printing Process using Multi-Objective Function Analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 155892501701200
Author(s):  
Dong Won Jeon ◽  
Sungmin Kim ◽  
In Hwan Sul ◽  
Chang Kyu Park
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Method ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
Optimum Process ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Multiple Characteristic ◽  
Textile Printing ◽  
Digital Textile Printing ◽  
Characteristic Values ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
Color Reproducibility

Digital textile printing (DTP) is widely used because it is more efficient and simpler than conventional textile printing methods. Digital transfer textile printing (DTTP) is one of the most efficient and simplest DTP methods. In this study, the optimum process conditions for DTTP have been investigated, to minimize the distortion of printed images and maximize the color reproducibility. First, a novel measurement method for fabric shrinkage and image distortion was developed. Then 9 characteristic values were defined and a series of experiments were designed and performed using the Taguchi method. Finally, two different multiple-characteristic value analyses were performed on the results. In one method, 9 characteristic values were converted into a single value. In the other method, the characteristic values were divided into 3 groups for analysis. Finally, results from the two methods were compared to determine which method was more suitable.

Assessment of source-based nitrogen removal alternatives in leather tanning industry wastewater

2002 ◽  
Vol 45 (12) ◽  
pp. 205-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Zengin, ◽  
T. Ölmez ◽  
S. Doğruel ◽  
I. Kabdaşlı ◽  
O. Tünay
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Phosphate ◽  
Ammonia Removal ◽  
Treatment Alternative ◽  
Magnesium Ammonium Phosphate ◽  
Leather Tanning ◽  
Magnesium Ammonium ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Parameter Values ◽  
Industry Wastewater ◽  
Tanning Industry

Nitrogen is an important parameter of leather tanning wastewaters. Magnesium ammonium phosphate (MAP) precipitation is a chemical treatment alternative for ammonia removal. In this study, a detailed source-based wastewater characterisation of a bovine leather tannery was made and nitrogen speciation as well as other basic pollutant parameter values was evaluated. This evaluation has led to definition of alternatives for source-based MAP treatment. MAP precipitation experiments conducted on these alternatives have yielded over 90% ammonia removal at pH 9.5 and using stoichiometric doses. Among the alternatives tested liming-deliming and bating-washing was found to be the most advantageous providing 71% ammonia removal.

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