scholarly journals Absolute cross-sections for DNA strand breaks and crosslinks induced by low energy electrons

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (48) ◽  
pp. 32762-32771 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenzhuang Chen ◽  
Shiliang Chen ◽  
Yanfang Dong ◽  
Pierre Cloutier ◽  
Yi Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Dna Strand Breaks ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Strand Breaks ◽  
Low Energy Electrons ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Dna Strand

Absolute cross-sections (CSs) for the interaction of low energy electrons with condensed macromolecules are essential parameters to accurately model ionizing radiation induced reactions.

KGF facilitates repair of radiation-induced DNA damage in alveolar epithelial cells

1997 ◽  
Vol 272 (6) ◽  
pp. L1174-L1180 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Takeoka ◽  
W. F. Ward ◽  
H. Pollack ◽  
D. W. Kamp ◽  
R. J. Panos
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Dna Repair ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Dna Polymerase ◽  
Dna Polymerases ◽  
Dna Strand Breaks ◽  
Strand Breaks ◽  
Alveolar Epithelial ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Dna Strand

Administration of exogenous keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) prevents or attenuates several forms of oxidant-mediated lung injury. Because DNA damage in epithelial cells is a component of radiation pneumotoxicity, we determined whether KGF ameliorated DNA strand breaks in irradiated A549 cells. Cells were exposed to 137Cs gamma rays, and DNA damage was measured by alkaline unwinding and ethidium bromide fluorescence after a 30-min recovery period. Radiation induced a dose-dependent increase in DNA strand breaks. The percentage of double-stranded DNA after exposure to 30 Gy increased from 44.6 +/- 3.5% in untreated control cells to 61.6 +/- 5.0% in cells cultured with 100 ng/ml KGF for 24 h (P < 0.05). No reduction in DNA damage occurred when the cells were cultured with KGF but maintained at 0 degree C during and after irradiation. The sparing effect of KGF on radiation-induced DNA damage was blocked by aphidicolin, an inhibitor of DNA polymerases-alpha, -delta, and -epsilon and by butylphenyl dGTP, which blocks DNA polymerase-alpha strongly and polymerases-delta and -epsilon less effectively. However, dideoxythymidine triphosphate, a specific inhibitor of DNA polymerase-beta, did not abrogate the KGF effect. Thus KGF increases DNA repair capacity in irradiated pulmonary epithelial cells, an effect mediated at least in part by DNA polymerases-alpha, -delta, and -epsilon. Enhancement of DNA repair capability after cell damage may be one mechanism by which KGF is able to ameliorate oxidant-mediated alveolar epithelial injury.

Vacuum‐UV and Low‐Energy Electron‐Induced DNA Strand Breaks – Influence of the DNA Sequence and Substrate

ChemPhysChem ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 823-830 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefanie Vogel ◽  
Kenny Ebel ◽  
Robin M. Schürmann ◽  
Christian Heck ◽  
Till Meiling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequence ◽  
Dna Strand Breaks ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Energy Electron ◽  
Strand Breaks ◽  
Low Energy Electron ◽  
Dna Strand ◽  
Vacuum Uv
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