scholarly journals Micro-heterogeneity versus clustering in binary mixtures of ethanol with water or alkanes

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (34) ◽  
pp. 23971-23979 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina Požar ◽  
Bernarda Lovrinčević ◽  
Larisa Zoranić ◽  
Tomislav Primorać ◽  
Franjo Sokolić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Binary Mixtures ◽  
Complex Disorder ◽  
The Difference

Snapshots of the difference in complex disorder, with analogy with direct (ethanol–water) and inverse (ethanol–alkanes) emulsions.

Excess volumes of an alcohol + 1,2-dichloroethane

1981 ◽  
Vol 59 (14) ◽  
pp. 2210-2211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nettem V. Choudary ◽  
Puligundla R. Naidu
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Bond ◽  
Hydrogen Bonds ◽  
Binary Mixtures ◽  
Excess Volumes ◽  
Hydrogen Bond Interaction ◽  
Bond Interaction ◽  
Break Up ◽  
The Difference

Excess volumes for binary mixtures of 1,2-dichloroethane with n-propanol, n-butanol, n-pentanol, n-hexanol, n-heptanol, and n-octanol have been determined at 303.15 K. VE is positive over the whole range of composition in all the mixtures. However, it is noticed that the positive values of VE of mixtures of 1,2-dichloroethane with n-hexanol, n-heptanol, and n-octanol differ from those for the mixtures of 1,2-dichloroethane with corresponding alkanes. The difference has been explained in terms of the break up of hydrogen bonds, interstitial accommodation of 1,2-dichloroethane in alcohol aggregates, and possible hydrogen bond interaction of the type Cl … H—O between unlike molecules.

Simple and complex disorder in binary mixtures with benzene as a common solvent

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (15) ◽  
pp. 9885-9898 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina Požar ◽  
Jean-Baptiste Seguier ◽  
Jonas Guerche ◽  
Redha Mazighi ◽  
Larisa Zoranić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Binary Mixtures ◽  
Computer Simulations ◽  
Aqueous Mixtures ◽  
Complex Disorder

Substituting benzene for water in computer simulations of binary mixtures, allows one to study the various forms of disorder, without the complications often encountered in aqueous mixtures.

scholarly journals Relationship between rs3918242 Polymorphism of Matrix Methaloproteinase-9 Gene and Preeclampsia in Pregnant Women

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 434-443
Author(s):  
Mehdi Sahmani ◽  
◽  
Nilofar Ahmadi ◽  
Somayeh Asadian ◽  
Talaat Dabaghi Ghaleh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Complex Disorder ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Mmp9 Gene

Background: Preeclampsia is a complex disorder of pregnancy with an unknown etiology. Numerous studies have shown the possible role of gene polymorphisms, especially metalloproteinases, in development of this disease, but there are no definitive results. Objective: This study aims to investigate the possible association between rs3918242 (−1562C>T) polymorphism in Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) gene with the risk of preeclampsia in pregnant women. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, participants were 90 pregnant women with preeclampsia and 199 healthy pregnant women (controls). The genotypes of rs3918242 polymorphism were investigated using Polymerase Chain Reaction technique and Limited Fragment Length Polymorphism method. Logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the relationship between rs3918242 polymorphism and preeclampsia. Findings: The frequency of CC, CT, TT genotypes of rs3918242 polymorphism was reported 47.8%, 47.8% and 4.2% in patients and 84.8, 13.1 and 2% in controls, respectively, and the difference between groups was significant (P<0.001). The frequency of TT genotype in patients was significantly higher than in controls (P<0.001). Moreover, the frequency of T allele in patients was 52.2%, while in controls it was 15.2% and the difference between the two groups was significant (P<0.001). Conclusion: The rs3918242 polymorphism of MMP9 gene plays an important role in the incidence of preeclampsia in pregnant women.

scholarly journals Effective one-component model of binary mixture: molecular arrest induced by the spatially correlated stochastic dynamics

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Majka ◽  
P. F. Góra
Keyword(s):  
Binary Mixtures ◽  
Soft Matter ◽  
Stochastic Dynamics ◽  
Component Model ◽  
Langevin Equations ◽  
Correlated Noise ◽  
Spatially Correlated ◽  
Fluctuation Dissipation ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Spatially Correlated Noise

AbstractSpatially correlated noise (SCN), i.e. the thermal noise that affects neighbouring particles in a similar manner, is ubiquitous in soft matter systems. In this work, we apply the over-damped SCN-driven Langevin equations as an effective, one-component model of the dynamics in dense binary mixtures. We derive the thermodynamically consistent fluctuation-dissipation relation for SCN to show that it predicts the molecular arrest resembling the glass transition, i.e. the critical slow-down of dynamics in the disordered phases. We show that the mechanism of singular dissipation is embedded in the dissipation matrix, accompanying SCN. We are also able to identify the characteristic length of collective dissipation, which diverges at critical packing. This novel physical quantity conveniently describes the difference between the ergodic and non-ergodic dynamics. The model is fully analytically solvable, one-dimensional and admits arbitrary interactions between the particles. It qualitatively reproduces several different modes of arrested disorder encountered in binary mixtures, including e.g. the re-entrant arrest. The model can be effectively compared to the mode coupling theory.

scholarly journals Considerations on Liquid-Chromatographic Separation for an Equimolar Mixture of 2,4-Dinitrophenylhydrazones of Acetaldehyde and Diacetyl

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-51
Author(s):  
Gheorghe Zgherea
Keyword(s):  
Binary Mixtures ◽  
Chromatographic Separation ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Equimolar Mixture ◽  
Reverse Phase ◽  
Separation Processes ◽  
Mobile Phases ◽  
Liquid Chromatographic Separation ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Liquid Chromatographic

An equimolar mixture of 2.4-dinitrophenylhidrazones (2.4DNPH-ones) providing by acetaldehyde and diacetyl must be analyzed by liquid-chromatographic separation, using the mechanism of repartition with reverse phase; that full papers is for identification the optimal analytical conditions. As mobile phase are utilized various binary mixtures eluent, containing water and methanol, with 0-45% water. By the experimental studies were identified four domains of behavior and two optimal binary mixtures, with 25% and 45% water, thus this is a study on the behavior of binary mixtures mobile phases. The peaks are characterized by values of retention times and by position. The separation processes were appreciated by difference between the retention times of peaks; if the percent of water increase, the values of retention times is higher. When the percent of water is 45%, the difference between the retention times is maxim, associated with a change of peaks position.

The Origin of the Moon

1962 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 149-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. L. Ruskol
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Solar System ◽  
The Moon ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Origin Of The Moon

The difference between average densities of the Moon and Earth was interpreted in the preceding report by Professor H. Urey as indicating a difference in their chemical composition. Therefore, Urey assumes the Moon's formation to have taken place far away from the Earth, under conditions differing substantially from the conditions of Earth's formation. In such a case, the Earth should have captured the Moon. As is admitted by Professor Urey himself, such a capture is a very improbable event. In addition, an assumption that the “lunar” dimensions were representative of protoplanetary bodies in the entire solar system encounters great difficulties.

Influence of Cell Wall Composition on the Fossilisation of Bacteria and the Implications for the Search for Early Life Forms

1997 ◽  
Vol 161 ◽  
pp. 491-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frances Westall
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
Cation Binding ◽  
Positive Bacterium ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Hydrothermal Sediments ◽  
Identification Of Bacteria ◽  
The Difference

AbstractThe oldest cell-like structures on Earth are preserved in silicified lagoonal, shallow sea or hydrothermal sediments, such as some Archean formations in Western Australia and South Africa. Previous studies concentrated on the search for organic fossils in Archean rocks. Observations of silicified bacteria (as silica minerals) are scarce for both the Precambrian and the Phanerozoic, but reports of mineral bacteria finds, in general, are increasing. The problems associated with the identification of authentic fossil bacteria and, if possible, closer identification of bacteria type can, in part, be overcome by experimental fossilisation studies. These have shown that not all bacteria fossilise in the same way and, indeed, some seem to be very resistent to fossilisation. This paper deals with a transmission electron microscope investigation of the silicification of four species of bacteria commonly found in the environment. The Gram positiveBacillus laterosporusand its spore produced a robust, durable crust upon silicification, whereas the Gram negativePseudomonas fluorescens, Ps. vesicularis, andPs. acidovoranspresented delicately preserved walls. The greater amount of peptidoglycan, containing abundant metal cation binding sites, in the cell wall of the Gram positive bacterium, probably accounts for the difference in the mode of fossilisation. The Gram positive bacteria are, therefore, probably most likely to be preserved in the terrestrial and extraterrestrial rock record.

Structuring, Motions and Shapes of Corona Emission Line Profiles

1994 ◽  
Vol 144 ◽  
pp. 421-426
Author(s):  
N. F. Tyagun
Keyword(s):  
Emission Line ◽  
Filling Factor ◽  
Direct Relationship ◽  
Coronal Plasma ◽  
Line Of Sight ◽  
Line Profiles ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Yellow Line ◽  
Red Line

AbstractThe interrelationship of half-widths and intensities for the red, green and yellow lines is considered. This is a direct relationship for the green and yellow line and an inverse one for the red line. The difference in the relationships of half-widths and intensities for different lines appears to be due to substantially dissimilar structuring and to a set of line-of-sight motions in ”hot“ and ”cold“ corona regions.When diagnosing the coronal plasma, one cannot neglect the filling factor - each line has such a factor of its own.

Difference Fourier Analysis of Glucose Embedded and Frozen Hydrated Purple Membrane

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 74-75
Author(s):  
Jules S. Jaffe ◽  
Robert M. Glaeser
Keyword(s):  
Purple Membrane ◽  
Data Set ◽  
High Resolution Data ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Crystallography ◽  
Fourier Techniques ◽  
Versus Protein ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Difference Fourier ◽  
Ideal Method

Although difference Fourier techniques are standard in X-ray crystallography it has only been very recently that electron crystallographers have been able to take advantage of this method. We have combined a high resolution data set for frozen glucose embedded Purple Membrane (PM) with a data set collected from PM prepared in the frozen hydrated state in order to visualize any differences in structure due to the different methods of preparation. The increased contrast between protein-ice versus protein-glucose may prove to be an advantage of the frozen hydrated technique for visualizing those parts of bacteriorhodopsin that are embedded in glucose. In addition, surface groups of the protein may be disordered in glucose and ordered in the frozen state. The sensitivity of the difference Fourier technique to small changes in structure provides an ideal method for testing this hypothesis.

Destruction of Actin Filaments by Osmium Tetroxide

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 466-467
Author(s):  
P. Maupin-Szamier ◽  
T. D. Pollard
Keyword(s):  
Actin Filaments ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Osmium Tetroxide ◽  
Rabbit Muscle ◽  
Muscle Actin ◽  
Sodium Phosphate Buffer ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Rates Of Decay ◽  
Short Time

We have studied the destruction of rabbit muscle actin filaments by osmium tetroxide (OSO4) to develop methods which will preserve the structure of actin filaments during preparation for transmission electron microscopy.Negatively stained F-actin, which appears as smooth, gently curved filaments in control samples (Fig. 1a), acquire an angular, distorted profile and break into progressively shorter pieces after exposure to OSO4 (Fig. 1b,c). We followed the time course of the reaction with viscometry since it is a simple, quantitative method to assess filament integrity. The difference in rates of decay in viscosity of polymerized actin solutions after the addition of four concentrations of OSO4 is illustrated in Fig. 2. Viscometry indicated that the rate of actin filament destruction is also dependent upon temperature, buffer type, buffer concentration, and pH, and requires the continued presence of OSO4. The conditions most favorable to filament preservation are fixation in a low concentration of OSO4 for a short time at 0°C in 100mM sodium phosphate buffer, pH 6.0.

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