scholarly journals Mechanistic analysis of aliphatic β-lactones in Vibrio harveyi reveals a quorum sensing independent mode of action

2016 ◽  
Vol 52 (80) ◽  
pp. 11971-11974 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weining Zhao ◽  
Nicola Lorenz ◽  
Kirsten Jung ◽  
Stephan A. Sieber
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Quorum Sensing ◽  
Mode Of Action ◽  
Fatty Acid Biosynthesis ◽  
Vibrio Harveyi ◽  
Acid Biosynthesis ◽  
Mechanistic Analysis ◽  
Independent Mechanism ◽  
Independent Mode

β-Lactone analogs of autoinducers potently inhibitVibrio harveyibioluminescence using a quorum sensing independent mechanism interfering with fatty acid biosynthesis.

Mode of Action of Herbicides Affecting Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase and Fatty Acid Biosynthesis

1990 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 521-528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hartmut K. Lichtenthaler
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Mode Of Action ◽  
Fatty Acid Biosynthesis ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Acetyl Coa Carboxylase ◽  
Acid Biosynthesis ◽  
Acetyl Coa ◽  
Enzyme Preparations ◽  
Acid Herbicides ◽  
Target Enzyme

The mode of action of cyclohexane-l,3-dione-type (cycloxydim, clethodim, sethoxydim, tralkoxydim) and aryloxyphenoxypropanoate-type herbicides (diclofop, fenoxaprop, haloxyfop, fluazifop) is summarized in this review. Both herbicide classes, though structurally completely different, specifically block the same target enzyme i.e. the plastid acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) (EC 6.4.1.2). Most members of the Poaceae are sensitive towards both herbicide groups, whereas other monocotyledonous plants as well as the dicotyledonous plants appear to be resistant. This resistance, which can be found on the level of whole plants, in isolated chloroplasts and also on the level of ACC-enzyme preparations, is apparently due to a modification of the target enzyme ACC. Within the sensitive grass family some members (Festuca and Poa species) are partially tolerant against both graminicide groups. In the case of cyclohexanedione herbicides the tolerance seems to be due to a reduced sensitivity of the target enzyme. In the case of aryloxyphenoxypropionic acid herbicides the tolerance is apparently based on a combined action of cytoplasmic factors (metabolization?) and a slightly reduced sensitivity of the target enzyme. From differences in the sensitivity of certain grasses against the two herbicide classes it is concluded that both graminicide groups bind to the same binding domaine of the ACC enzyme but possess different subsites. The consequences of the block of de novo fatty acid biosynthesis in the plastids of sensitive plants is the lack of glycerolipid and biomembrane formation which finally causes cell death in the meristematic tissues.

scholarly journals A novel antimicrobial target—expanded and revisited mode of action of pantothenamides

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (50) ◽  
pp. 44888-44895 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Maršavelski
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Mode Of Action ◽  
Fatty Acid Biosynthesis ◽  
Acid Biosynthesis ◽  
Schematic Representation

A schematic representation showing the proposed stuffed pepper-like inhibition of the chain-flipping mechanism in fatty-acid biosynthesis.

The Crystal Structure ofBurkholderia cenocepaciaDfsA Provides Insights into Substrate Recognition and Quorum Sensing Fatty Acid Biosynthesis

Biochemistry ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 55 (23) ◽  
pp. 3241-3250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Spadaro ◽  
Viola C. Scoffone ◽  
Laurent R. Chiarelli ◽  
Marco Fumagalli ◽  
Silvia Buroni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Quorum Sensing ◽  
Fatty Acid Biosynthesis ◽  
Substrate Recognition ◽  
Acid Biosynthesis

scholarly journals An aryl-homoserine lactone quorum-sensing signal produced by a dimorphic prosthecate bacterium

2018 ◽  
Vol 115 (29) ◽  
pp. 7587-7592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisheng Liao ◽  
Amy L. Schaefer ◽  
Bruna G. Coutinho ◽  
Pamela J. B. Brown ◽  
E. Peter Greenberg
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Quorum Sensing ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Fatty Acid Biosynthesis ◽  
Acyl Carrier Protein ◽  
Homoserine Lactone ◽  
Acid Biosynthesis ◽  
Acid Moiety ◽  
Coa Ligase ◽  
Prosthecate Bacterium

Many species ofProteobacteriaproduce acyl-homoserine lactone (AHL) compounds as quorum-sensing (QS) signals for cell density-dependent gene regulation. Most known AHL synthases, LuxI-type enzymes, produce fatty AHLs, and the fatty acid moiety is derived from an acyl-acyl carrier protein (ACP) intermediate in fatty acid biosynthesis. Recently, a class of LuxI homologs has been shown to use CoA-linked aromatic or amino acid substrates for AHL synthesis. By using an informatics approach, we found the CoA class of LuxI homologs exists primarily in α-Proteobacteria. The genome ofProsthecomicrobium hirschii, a dimorphic prosthecate bacterium, possesses aluxI-like AHL synthase gene that we predicted to encode a CoA-utilizing enzyme. We show theP. hirschiiLuxI homolog catalyzes synthesis of phenylacetyl-homoserine lactone (PA-HSL). Our experiments showP. hirschiiobtains phenylacetate from its environment and uses a CoA ligase to produce the phenylacetyl-CoA substrate for the LuxI homolog. By using an AHL degrading enzyme, we showed that PA-HSL controls aggregation, biofilm formation, and pigment production inP. hirschii. These findings advance a limited understanding of the CoA-dependent AHL synthases. We describe how to identify putative members of the class, we describe a signal synthesized by using an environmental aromatic acid, and we identify phenotypes controlled by the aryl-HSL.

Inhibition of early steps of de novo fatty-acid biosynthesis by different xenobiotica

1991 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-255
Author(s):  
Manfred Focke ◽  
Andrea Feld ◽  
Hartmut K. Lichtenthaler
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Biosynthesis ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Acid Biosynthesis

Development of 'S', 'N’ Heterocycles as Antimycobacterials Targeting Fatty Acid Biosynthesis

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. K. Dahiwade ◽  
S. R. Rochlani ◽  
P. B. Choudhari ◽  
R. P. Dhavale ◽  
H. N. Moreira
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Biosynthesis ◽  
Antimycobacterial Activity ◽  
Drug Candidate ◽  
Causative Organism ◽  
Present Communication ◽  
Acid Biosynthesis ◽  
Rational Development ◽  
After Cancer ◽  
Drug Resistant Strains

Background: Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a causative organism of tuberculosis, which is most deadly disease after cancer in a current decade. The development of multidrug and broadly drug- resistant strains making the tuberculosis problem more and more critical. In last 40 years, only one molecule is added to the treatment regimen. Generally, drug design and development programs are targeted proteins whose function is known to be essential to the bacterial cell. Objectives: Reported here are the development of 'S', 'N’ heterocycles as antimycobacterials targeting fatty acid biosynthesis. Material and Methods: In the present communication, rational development of anti-mycobacterial agent's targeting fatty acid biosynthesis has been done by integrating the pocket modelling and virtual analysis. Results: The identified potential 33 lead compounds were synthesized, characterized by physicochemical and spectroscopic methods like IR, NMR spectroscopy and further screened for antimycobacterial activity using isoniazid as standard. All the designed compounds have shown profound antimycobacterial activity. Conclusion: In this present communication, we found that 3c, 3f, 3l and 4k molecules had expressive desirable biological activity and specific interactions with fatty acids. Further optimization of these leads is necessary for the development of potential antimycobacterial drug candidate having less side effects.

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