Online coupling techniques in ambient mass spectrometry

The Analyst ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 141 (21) ◽  
pp. 5913-5921 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuting Xu ◽  
Yiding Zhang ◽  
Linnan Xu ◽  
Yu Bai ◽  
Huwei Liu
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Matrix Effects ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Ambient Mass Spectrometry ◽  
High Salt ◽  
Coupling Techniques ◽  
High Salt Tolerance

Since ambient mass spectrometry (AMS) has been proven to have low matrix effects and high salt tolerance, great efforts have been made for online coupling of several analytical techniques with AMS.

High-Salt-Tolerance Matrix for Facile Detection of Glucose in Rat Brain Microdialysates by MALDI Mass Spectrometry

2011 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 465-469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Chen ◽  
Wenjun Xu ◽  
Caiqiao Xiong ◽  
Xiaoyu Zhou ◽  
Shaoxiang Xiong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Rat Brain ◽  
Maldi Mass Spectrometry ◽  
High Salt ◽  
High Salt Tolerance

Oxygen isotope (δ18O) trends measured from Ordovician conodont apatite using secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS): Implications for paleo-thermometry studies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cole T. Edwards ◽  
Clive M. Jones ◽  
Page C. Quinton ◽  
David A. Fike
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Matrix Effects ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Upper Ordovician ◽  
Bulk Analysis ◽  
Middle Ordovician ◽  
Ion Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Oxygen Isotopic ◽  
Secondary Ion

The oxygen isotopic compositions (δ18O) of minimally altered phosphate minerals and fossils, such as conodont elements, are used as a proxy for past ocean temperature. Phosphate is thermally stable under low to moderate burial conditions and is ideal for reconstructing seawater temperatures because the P-O bonds are highly resistant to isotopic exchange during diagenesis. Traditional bulk methods used to measure conodont δ18O include multiple conodont elements, which can reflect different environments and potentially yield an aggregate δ18O value derived from a mixture of different water masses. In situ spot analyses of individual elements using micro-analytical techniques, such as secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS), can address these issues. Here we present 108 new δ18O values using SIMS from conodont apatite collected from four Lower to Upper Ordovician stratigraphic successions from North America (Nevada, Oklahoma, and the Cincinnati Arch region of Kentucky and Indiana, USA). The available elements measured had a range of thermal alteration regimes that are categorized based on their conodont alteration index (CAI) as either low (CAI = 1−2) or high (CAI = 3−4). Though individual spot analyses of the same element yield δ18O values that vary by several per mil (‰), most form a normal distribution around a mean value. Isotopic variability of individual spots can be minimized by avoiding surficial heterogeneities like cracks, pits, or near the edge of the element and the precision can be improved with multiple (≥4) spot analyses of the same element. Mean δ18O values from multiple conodonts from the same bed range between 0.0 and 4.3‰ (median 1.0‰), regardless of low or high CAI values. Oxygen isotopic values measured using SIMS in this study reproduce values similar to published trends, namely, δ18O values increase during the Early−Middle Ordovician and plateau by the mid Darriwilian (late Middle Ordovician). Twenty-two of the measured conodonts were from ten sampled beds that had been previously measured using bulk analysis. SIMS-based δ18O values from these samples are more positive by an average of 1.7‰ compared to bulk values, consistent with observations by others who attribute the shift to carbonate- and hydroxyl-related SIMS matrix effects. This offset has implications for paleo-temperature model estimates, which indicate that a 4 °C temperature change corresponds to a 1‰ shift in δ18O (‰). Although this uncertainty precludes precise paleo-temperature reconstructions by SIMS, it is valuable for identifying spatial and stratigraphic trends in temperature that might not have been previously possible with bulk approaches.

scholarly journals The full-length transcriptome of Spartina alterniflora reveals the complexity of high salt tolerance in monocotyledonous halophyte

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenbin Ye ◽  
Taotao Wang ◽  
Wei Wei ◽  
Shuaitong Lou ◽  
Faxiu Lan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Alternative Splicing ◽  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Protein Kinases ◽  
Spartina Alterniflora ◽  
High Salt ◽  
Full Length ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
High Salt Tolerance

ABSTRACTSpartina alterniflora (Spartina) is the only halophyte in the salt marsh. However, the molecular basis of its high salt tolerance remains elusive. In this study, we used PacBio full-length single molecule long-read sequencing and RNA-seq to elucidate the transcriptome dynamics of high salt tolerance in Spartina by salt-gradient experiments (0, 350, 500 and 800 mM NaCl). We systematically analyzed the gene expression diversity and deciphered possible roles of ion transporters, protein kinases and photosynthesis in salt tolerance. Moreover, the co-expression network analysis revealed several hub genes in salt stress regulatory networks, including protein kinases such as SaOST1, SaCIPK10 and three SaLRRs. Furthermore, high salt stress affected the gene expression of photosynthesis through down-regulation at the transcription level and alternative splicing at the post-transcriptional level. In addition, overexpression of two Spartina salt-tolerant genes SaHSP70-I and SaAF2 in Arabidopsis significantly promoted the salt tolerance of transgenic lines. Finally, we built the SAPacBio website for visualizing the full-length transcriptome sequences, transcription factors, ncRNAs, salt-tolerant genes, and alternative splicing events in Spartina. Overall, this study sheds light on the high salt tolerance mechanisms of monocotyledonous-halophyte and demonstrates the potential of Spartina genes for engineering salt-tolerant plants.

scholarly journals Multicarboxylic Biosurfactants as a Model for Designing Hard Water and High Salt Tolerance

1997 ◽  
Vol 46 (7) ◽  
pp. 741-746,821
Author(s):  
Mohamad OSMAN ◽  
Yutaka ISHIGAMI ◽  
Kunio FURUSAWA ◽  
Holm HOLMSEN
Keyword(s):  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Hard Water ◽  
High Salt ◽  
High Salt Tolerance

High Salt‐Tolerance Potential in Wheatgrasses 1

Crop Science ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 702-705 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. E. McGuire ◽  
J. Dvôrák
Keyword(s):  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
High Salt ◽  
High Salt Tolerance

Preparation, Characterization and Properties of High-salt-tolerance Sodium Alginate/Krill Protein Composite Fibers

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 1074-1083 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Zhang ◽  
Jing Guo ◽  
Jing Wu ◽  
Miao Zhao ◽  
Yuanfa Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Sodium Alginate ◽  
High Salt ◽  
Composite Fibers ◽  
High Salt Tolerance

Proteomic analysis on a high salt tolerance introgression strain ofTriticum aestivum/Thinopyrum ponticum

PROTEOMICS ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 1470-1489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng-Cheng Wang ◽  
Zhen-Ying Peng ◽  
Cui-Ling Li ◽  
Fei Li ◽  
Chun Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Proteomic Analysis ◽  
High Salt ◽  
Thinopyrum Ponticum ◽  
High Salt Tolerance
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