A UCN@mSiO2@cross-linked lipid with high steric stability as a NIR remote controlled-release nanocarrier for photodynamic therapy

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (17) ◽  
pp. 3531-3540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beibei Hou ◽  
Bin Zheng ◽  
Xiaoqun Gong ◽  
Hanjie Wang ◽  
Sheng Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Controlled Release ◽  
Visible Light ◽  
Penetration Depth ◽  
Deep Tissue ◽  
Steric Stability

In clinics, the application of photodynamic therapy (PDT) in deep tissue is severely constrained by the limited penetration depth of visible light that was used for activating the photosensitizer (PS).

NIR-triggered Biodegradable MOF-coated Upconversion Nanoparticles for Synergetic Chemodynamic/Photodynamic Therapy with Enhanced Efficacy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Man Zou ◽  
Yajie Zhao ◽  
Binbin Ding ◽  
Fan Jiang ◽  
Yeqing Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Tumor Microenvironment ◽  
Visible Light ◽  
Penetration Depth ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Upconversion Nanoparticles ◽  
Oxygen Species

The generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is often limited by the overexpression of glutathione (GSH) in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and the penetration depth of visible light. In view...

Optical Properties of Photodynamic Therapy Drugs in Different Environments: The Paradigmatic Case of Temoporfin

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
busenur Aslanoglu ◽  
Ilya Yakavets ◽  
Vladimir Zorin ◽  
Henri-Pierre Lassalle ◽  
Francesca Ingrosso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Optical Properties ◽  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Visible Light ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Singlet Oxygen ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Molecular Oxygen ◽  
Computational Tools

Computational tools have been used to study the photophysical and photochemical features of photosensitizers in photodynamic therapy (PDT) –a minimally invasive, less aggressive alternative for cancer treatment. PDT is mainly based by the activation of molecular oxygen through the action of a photoexcited sensitizer (photosensitizer). Temoporfin, widely known as mTHPC, is a second-generation photosensitizer, which produces the cytotoxic singlet oxygen when irradiated with visible light and hence destroys tumor cells. However, the bioavailability of the mostly hydrophobic photosensitizer, and hence its incorporation into the cells, is fundamental to achieve the desired effect on malignant tissues by PDT. In this study, we focus on the optical properties of the temoporfin chromophore in different environments –in <i>vacuo</i>, in solution, encapsulated in drug delivery agents, namely cyclodextrin, and interacting with a lipid bilayer.

Synthesis of Y2O3: Eu Luminescent Phosphor with Increased Dispersion for Use in Medical Purposes

2021 ◽  
Vol 1040 ◽  
pp. 61-67
Author(s):  
Anna B. Vlasenko ◽  
Vadim V. Bakhmetyev ◽  
Sergey V. Mjakin
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Visible Light ◽  
Modern Method ◽  
The Body ◽  
Hydrothermal Processing ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Microwave Annealing ◽  
Body Tissues ◽  
Pyrogenic Silica

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising modern method for treatment of oncological, bacterial, fungal and viral diseases. However, its application is limited to diseases with superficial localization since the body tissues are not transparent for visible light. To address this problem and extend PDT application to abdominal diseases, an enhanced method of X-ray photodynamic therapy (XRPDT) is suggested, involving X-ray radiation easily penetrating the body tissues. The implementation of this approach requires the development of a pharmacological drug including a photosensitizer stimulated by visible light to yield active oxygen and a nanosized phosphor converting X-ray radiation into visible light with the wavelength required for the photosensitizer activation. This study is aimed at obtaining X-ray stimulated phosphors with nanosized particles suitable for XRPDT application. For this purpose, Y2O3:Eu phosphors were synthesized via hydrothermal processing of the corresponding mixed acetate followed by annealing. To prevent from the undesirable agglomeration of the particles in the course of hydrothermal synthesis and subsequent annealing, different techniques were used, including rapid thermal annealing (RTA), microwave annealing and addition of finely dispersed pyrogenic silica (aerosil) to the phosphor. The microwave annealing was carried out using a special installation including a resonance chamber for maintaining a standing wave of microwave radiation. The performed research allowed the determination of hydrothermal processing optimal duration affording the synthesis of phosphors with the highest luminescence brightness. The application of microwave annealing is found to provide phosphors with a more perfect crystal structure compared with RTA. The developed method of Y2O3:Eu phosphor synthesis involving pyrogenic silica addition to the autoclave allowed the preparation of samples with the amorphous structure and significantly reduced the particle size without a considerable decrease in the luminescence brightness. The particle size of the phosphor synthesized with aerosil addition is less than 100 nm that allows its implementation in pharmacological drugs for XRPDT.

scholarly journals Impact of Quantum Dot Surface on Complex Formation with Chlorin e6 and Photodynamic Therapy

Nanomaterials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Artiom Skripka ◽  
Dominyka Dapkute ◽  
Jurga Valanciunaite ◽  
Vitalijus Karabanovas ◽  
Ricardas Rotomskis
Keyword(s):  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Complex Formation ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
Chlorin E6 ◽  
Deep Tissue ◽  
Physico Chemical

Nanomaterials have permeated various fields of scientific research, including that of biomedicine, as alternatives for disease diagnosis and therapy. Among different structures, quantum dots (QDs) have distinctive physico-chemical properties sought after in cancer research and eradication. Within the context of cancer therapy, QDs serve the role of transporters and energy donors to photodynamic therapy (PDT) drugs, extending the applicability and efficiency of classic PDT. In contrast to conventional PDT agents, QDs’ surface can be designed to promote cellular targeting and internalization, while their spectral properties enable better light harvesting and deep-tissue use. Here, we investigate the possibility of complex formation between different amphiphilic coating bearing QDs and photosensitizer chlorin e6 (Ce6). We show that complex formation dynamics are dependent on the type of coating—phospholipids or amphiphilic polymers—as well as on the surface charge of QDs. Förster’s resonant energy transfer occurred in every complex studied, confirming the possibility of indirect Ce6 excitation. Nonetheless, in vitro PDT activity was restricted only to negative charge bearing QD-Ce6 complexes, correlating with better accumulation in cancer cells. Overall, these findings help to better design such and similar complexes, as gained insights can be straightforwardly translated to other types of nanostructures—expanding the palette of possible therapeutic agents for cancer therapy.

scholarly journals Bis[Pyrrolyl Ru(II)] Triads: a New Class of Photosensitizers for Metal-Organic Photodynamic Therapy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah A. Smithen ◽  
Susan Monro ◽  
Mitch Pinto ◽  
John A. Roque III ◽  
Roberto M. Diaz-Rodriguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Visible Light ◽  
Red Light ◽  
Visible Region ◽  
Hl60 Cell ◽  
Quantum Yields ◽  
Human Leukemia ◽  
New Family ◽  
Hl60 Cell Line

A new family of ten dinuclear Ru(II) complexes based on the bis[pyrrolyl Ru(II)] triad scaffold, where two Ru(bpy)<sub>2</sub> centers are separated by a variety of organic linkers, was prepared to evaluate the influence of the organic chromophore on the spectroscopic and in vitro photodynamic therapy (PDT) properties of the compounds. The bis[pyrrolyl Ru(II)] triads absorbed strongly throughout the visible region, with several members having molar extinction coefficients (e) ≥10<sup>4</sup> at 600–620 nm and longer. Phosphorescence quantum yields were generally less than 0.1% and in some cases undetectable. The singlet oxygen quantum yields ranged from 5% to 77% and generally correlated with their photocytotoxicities toward human leukemia (HL-60) cells regardless of the wavelength of light used. Dark cytotoxicities varied ten-fold, with EC<sub>50</sub> values in the range of 10–100 µM and phototherapeutic indices (PIs) as large as 5,400 and 260 with broadband visible (28 J cm<sup>-2</sup>, 7.8 mW cm<sup>-2</sup>) and 625-nm red (100 J cm<sup>-2</sup>, 42 mW cm<sup>-2</sup>) light, respectively. The bis[pyrrolyl Ru(II)] triad with a pyrenyl linker (5h) was especially potent, with an EC50 value of 1 nM and PI >27,000 with visible light and subnanomolar activity with 625-nm light (100 J cm<sup>-2</sup>, 28 mW cm<sup>-2</sup>). The lead compound 5h was also tested in a tumor spheroid assay using the HL60 cell line and exhibited greater photocytotoxcicity in this more resistant model (EC<sub>50</sub>=60 nM and PI>1,200 with 625-nm light) despite a lower dark cytotoxicity. The in vitro PDT effects of 5h extended to bacteria, where submicromolar EC<sub>50</sub> values and PIs >300 against <i>S. mutans</i> and <i>S. aureus </i>were obtained with visible light. This activity was attenuated with 625-nm red light, but PIs were still near 50. The ligand-localized <sup>3</sup>ππ* state contributed by the pyrenyl linker of 5h likely plays a key role in its phototoxic effects toward cancer cells and bacteria.<br><br>

scholarly journals Visible-Light Controlled Release of a Fluoroquinolone Antibiotic for Antimicrobial Photopharmacology

ACS Omega ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 2155-2160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pooja Kumari ◽  
Amogh Kulkarni ◽  
Ajay Kumar Sharma ◽  
Harinath Chakrapani
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Release ◽  
Visible Light ◽  
Fluoroquinolone Antibiotic

scholarly journals Perfluoropolyether Nanoemulsion Encapsulating Chlorin e6 for Sonodynamic and Photodynamic Therapy of Hypoxic Tumor

Nanomaterials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 2058
Author(s):  
Liang Hong ◽  
Artem M. Pliss ◽  
Ye Zhan ◽  
Wenhan Zheng ◽  
Jun Xia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photodynamic Therapy ◽  
Single Cells ◽  
Oxygen Carrier ◽  
Chlorin E6 ◽  
Tumor Treatment ◽  
Selective Treatment ◽  
Deep Tissue ◽  
Sonodynamic Therapy ◽  
Tumor Environment ◽  
Hypoxic Tumor

Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) has emerged as an important modality for cancer treatment. SDT utilizes ultrasound excitation, which overcomes the limitations of light penetration in deep tumors, as encountered by photodynamic therapy (PDT) which uses optical excitations. A comparative study of these modalities using the same sensitizer drug can provide an assessment of their effects. However, the efficiency of SDT and PDT is low in a hypoxic tumor environment, which limits their applications. In this study, we report a hierarchical nanoformulation which contains a Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved sensitizer chlorin, e6, and a uniquely stable high loading capacity oxygen carrier, perfluoropolyether. This oxygen carrier possesses no measurable cytotoxicity. It delivers oxygen to overcome hypoxia, and at the same time, boosts the efficiency of both SDT and PDT. Moreover, we comparatively analyzed the efficiency of SDT and PDT for tumor treatment throughout the depth of the tissue. Our study demonstrates that the strengths of PDT and SDT could be combined into a single multifunctional nanoplatform, which works well in the hypoxia environment and overcomes the limitations of each modality. The combination of deep tissue penetration by ultrasound and high spatial activation by light for selective treatment of single cells will significantly enhance the scope for therapeutic applications.

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