Modification of epoxy resin through the self-assembly of a surfactant-like multi-element flame retardant

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (9) ◽  
pp. 3462-3470 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Liu ◽  
T. Chen ◽  
C. H. Yuan ◽  
C. F. Song ◽  
Y. Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Flame Retardancy ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
The Self

Self-assembly of a surfactant-like flame-retardant POSS-bisDOPO in epoxy resin, can both enhance the flame retardancy and improve the mechanical properties of epoxy resin.

scholarly journals Effects of Combining Graphene Nanoplatelet and Phosphorous Flame Retardant as Additives on Mechanical Properties and Flame Retardancy of Epoxy Nanocomposite

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 2349
Author(s):  
Woranan Netkueakul ◽  
Beatrice Fischer ◽  
Christian Walder ◽  
Frank Nüesch ◽  
Marcel Rees ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Flame Retardancy ◽  
Crosslinking Density ◽  
Milling Process ◽  
Structure Property ◽  
Cone Calorimetry ◽  
Graphene Nanoplatelet ◽  
Phosphorous Flame Retardant

The effects of combining 0.1–5 wt % graphene nanoplatelet (GNP) and 3–30 wt % phosphorous flame retardant, 9,10- dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO) as fillers in epoxy polymer on the mechanical, flame retardancy, and electrical properties of the epoxy nanocomposites was investigated. GNP was homogeneously dispersed into the epoxy matrix using a solvent-free three-roll milling process, while DOPO was incorporated into the epoxy resin by mechanical stirring at elevated temperature. The incorporation of DOPO reduced the crosslinking density of the epoxy resin. When using polyetheramine as a hardener, the structural rigidity effect of DOPO overshadowed the crosslinking effect and governed the flexural moduli of epoxy/DOPO resins. The flexural moduli of the nanocomposites were improved by adding GNP up to 5 wt % and DOPO up to 30 wt %, whereas the flexural strengths deteriorated when the GNP and DOPO loading were higher than 1 wt % and 10 wt %, respectively. Limited by the adverse effects on mechanical property, the loading combinations of GNP and DOPO within the range of 0–1 wt % and 0–10 wt %, respectively, in epoxy resin were further studied. Flame retardancy index (FRI), which depended on three parameters obtained from cone calorimetry, was considered to evaluate the flame retardancy of the epoxy composites. DOPO showed better performance than GNP as the flame retardant additive, while combining DOPO and GNP could further improve FRI to some extent. With the combination of 0.5 wt % GNP and 10 wt % DOPO, improvement in both mechanical properties and flame retardant efficiency of the nanocomposite was observed. Such a combination did not affect the electrical conductivity of the nanocomposites since the percolation threshold was at 1.6 wt % GNP. Our results enhance the understanding of the structure–property relationship of additive-filled epoxy resin composites and serve as a property constraining guidance for the composite manufacturing.

scholarly journals Towards Selection Charts for Epoxy Resin, Unsaturated Polyester Resin and Their Fibre-Fabric Composites with Flame Retardants

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 1181
Author(s):  
Noha Ramadan ◽  
Mohamed Taha ◽  
Angela Daniela La Rosa ◽  
Ahmed Elsabbagh
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Flame Retardancy ◽  
Flame Retardants ◽  
Polyester Resin ◽  
Unsaturated Polyester ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Polyester Resins ◽  
Thermosetting Polymers

Epoxy and unsaturated polyester resins are the most used thermosetting polymers. They are commonly used in electronics, construction, marine, automotive and aircraft industries. Moreover, reinforcing both epoxy and unsaturated polyester resins with carbon or glass fibre in a fabric form has enabled them to be used in high-performance applications. However, their organic nature as any other polymeric materials made them highly flammable materials. Enhancing the flame retardancy performance of thermosetting polymers and their composites can be improved by the addition of flame-retardant materials, but this comes at the expense of their mechanical properties. In this regard, a comprehensive review on the recent research articles that studied the flame retardancy of epoxy resin, unsaturated polyester resin and their composites were covered. Flame retardancy performance of different flame retardant/polymer systems was evaluated in terms of Flame Retardancy index (FRI) that was calculated based on the data extracted from the cone calorimeter test. Furthermore, flame retardant selection charts that relate between the flame retardancy level with mechanical properties in the aspects of tensile and flexural strength were presented. This review paper is also dedicated to providing the reader with a brief overview on the combustion mechanism of polymeric materials, their flammability behaviour and the commonly used flammability testing techniques and the mechanism of action of flame retardants.

scholarly journals Dual UV-Thermal Curing of Biobased Resorcinol Epoxy Resin-Diatomite Composites with Improved Acoustic Performance and Attractive Flame Retardancy Behavior

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-48
Author(s):  
Quoc-Bao Nguyen ◽  
Henri Vahabi ◽  
Agustín Rios de Anda ◽  
Davy-Louis Versace ◽  
Valérie Langlois ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Release ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Flame Retardancy ◽  
Sound Absorption ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Acoustic Properties ◽  
Low Frequencies ◽  
Compacting Pressure

This study has developed novel fully bio-based resorcinol epoxy resin–diatomite composites by a green two-stage process based on the living character of the cationic polymerization. This process comprises the photoinitiation and subsequently the thermal dark curing, enabling the obtaining of thick and non-transparent epoxy-diatomite composites without any solvent and amine-based hardeners. The effects of the diatomite content and the compacting pressure on microstructural, thermal, mechanical, acoustic properties, as well as the flame behavior of such composites have been thoroughly investigated. Towards the development of sound absorbing and flame-retardant construction materials, a compromise among mechanical, acoustic and flame-retardant properties was considered. Consequently, the composite obtained with 50 wt.% diatomite and 3.9 MPa compacting pressure is considered the optimal composite in the present work. Such composite exhibits the enhanced flexural modulus of 2.9 MPa, a satisfying sound absorption performance at low frequencies with Modified Sound Absorption Average (MSAA) of 0.08 (for a sample thickness of only 5 mm), and an outstanding flame retardancy behavior with the peak of heat release rate (pHRR) of 109 W/g and the total heat release of 5 kJ/g in the pyrolysis combustion flow calorimeter (PCFC) analysis.

An efficient method to improve simultaneously the water resistance, flame retardancy and mechanical properties of POE intumescent flame-retardant systems

RSC Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (21) ◽  
pp. 16328-16339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui-Min Li ◽  
Cong Deng ◽  
Cheng-Liang Deng ◽  
Liang-Ping Dong ◽  
Hong-Wei Di ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Flame Retardancy ◽  
Efficient Method ◽  
Water Resistance ◽  
Intumescent Flame Retardant

The water resistance, flame retardancy and mechanical properties of POE intumescent flame-retardant systems were improved simultaneously.

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