Controlled metal loading on poly(2-acrylamido-2-methyl-propane-sulfonic acid) membranes by an ion-exchange process to improve electrodialytic separation performance for mono-/bi-valent ions

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (35) ◽  
pp. 18279-18288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amit K. Thakur ◽  
Murli Manohar ◽  
Vinod K. Shahi
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Sulfonic Acid ◽  
Exchange Process ◽  
Separation Performance ◽  
Metal Loading ◽  
Ion Exchange Process

Cross-linked poly(2-acrylamido-2-methyl-propanesulfonic acid) (PMPS)-based cation-exchange membranes (CEMs) were prepared, and the mono-valent selectivity of the membranes was significantly improved by a pore-sieving strategy using metal (copper) loading.

scholarly journals Substitution of Ca2+ in Calcite by Sn2+ and Sr2+ cations through ion exchange characterized by X-ray absorption and photoelectron spectroscopies

MRS Advances ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan B. Junio ◽  
Prae Chirawatkul ◽  
Marlon T. Conato ◽  
Candy C. Mercado
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Exchange Reaction ◽  
Exchange Process ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Exchange Transformation ◽  
Ion Exchange Process ◽  
Cation Exchange Reaction ◽  
Carbonate Material ◽  
X Ray Absorption

AbstractTin (Sn2+) and strontium (Sr2+), two potential alternatives to lead (Pb2+) in perovskite formation, were explored in transforming calcium carbonate (CaCO3) into a leaving group in a cation exchange reaction. This is the first part of a sequential ion exchange process in transforming calcite into a Pb-free perovskite material for perovskite solar cell applications. Calcite, a polymorph of CaCO3, was successfully transformed into strontianite (SrCO3) through a cation exchange reaction. In the Sn substitution reaction on the other hand, no SnCO3 formation was noted. Instead, oxides of Sn were formed. The wider spaces in between Ca2+ cations in (100) orientation account for the higher atomic Sn2+ and Sr2+ concentrations as compared to (001) orientation, where the cation movement is restricted. X-ray absorption and photoelectron spectroscopies were used to investigate the ion-exchange transformation of calcite towards the formation of an intermediate carbonate material. Graphic abstract

scholarly journals On the Importance of Purification of Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akhil K. Sen ◽  
Sandip Roy ◽  
Vinay A. Juvekar
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Chemical Transformation ◽  
Sulfonic Acid ◽  
Exchange Process ◽  
Sodium Polystyrene Sulfonate ◽  
Standard Protocol ◽  
Polystyrene Sulfonate ◽  
Ion Exchange Process ◽  
Polystyrene Sulfonic Acid ◽  
Unstable Intermediate

Ion exchange is commonly employed for purification of sodium polystyrene sulfonate (NaPSS), a molecule widely used as a model polyelectrolyte. However, the present work demonstrates that the ion exchange process itself may introduce some extraneous species into NaPSS samples by two possible mechanisms: (i) chemical transformation of polystyrene sulfonic acid (HPSS), a relatively unstable intermediate formed during ion exchange and (ii) release of small amount of “condensed” acid from cationic resins during the elution of NaPSS molecules. Based on these observations, it is proposed that simple dialysis is adopted as a standard protocol for the purification of primary NaPSS sample.

scholarly journals Sorption of pertechnetate anion by cation modified bentonites

2019 ◽  
Vol 322 (3) ◽  
pp. 1771-1776
Author(s):  
D. Buzetzky ◽  
E. M. Kovács ◽  
M. N. Nagy ◽  
J. Kónya
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Exchange Process ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Ion Exchange Process

Abstract Pertechnetate anion sorption was investigated on modified bentonites. Mn-, Cr-, Sn-bentonites were prepared by ion exchange process to sorb radioactive pertechnetate ions. In the case of Mn-, Cr-bentonite the sorb amount of metal ion was 70–90% of the cation exchange capacity of the bentonite which is expected. Interestingly in the case of Sn-bentonite this amount was 1.42 times higher than the cation exchange capacity. On Mn-bentonite the sorption was 35% at pH 5. The removal of pertechnetate ions was 100% on Cr-, Sn-bentonites and the significant sorption was achieved below 650 mV/SHE.

Removal of Toxic Dyestuffs from Aqueous Solution by Amphoteric Bioadsorbent

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reda M. El-Shishtawy ◽  
Abdullah M. Asiri ◽  
Nahed S. E. Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Dye Removal ◽  
Exchange Process ◽  
Cationic Dyes ◽  
Carboxyl Groups ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Equilibrium Isotherm ◽  
Ion Exchange Process ◽  
Dyes And Pigments

Background: Color effluents generated from the production industry of dyes and pigments and their use in different applications such as textile, paper, leather tanning, and food industries, are high in color and contaminants that damage the aquatic life. It is estimated that about 105 of various commercial dyes and pigments amounted to 7×105 tons are produced annually worldwide. Ultimately, about 10–15% is wasted into the effluents of the textile industry. Chitin is abundant in nature, and it is a linear biopolymer containing acetamido and hydroxyl groups amenable to render it atmospheric by introducing amino and carboxyl groups, hence able to remove different classes of toxic organic dyes from colored effluents. Methods: Chitin was chemically modified to render it amphoteric via the introduction of carboxyl and amino groups. The amphoteric chitin has been fully characterized by FTIR, TGA-DTG, elemental analysis, SEM, and point of zero charge. Adsorption optimization for both anionic and cationic dyes was made by batch adsorption method, and the conditions obtained were used for studying the kinetics and thermodynamics of adsorption. Results: The results of dye removal proved that the adsorbent was proven effective in removing both anionic and cationic dyes (Acid Red 1 and methylene blue (MB)), at their respective optimum pHs (2 for acid and 8 for cationic dye). The equilibrium isotherm at room temperature fitted the Freundlich model for MB, and the maximum adsorption capacity was 98.2 mg/g using 50 mg/l of MB, whereas the equilibrium isotherm fitted the Freundlich and Langmuir model for AR1 and the maximum adsorption capacity was 128.2 mg/g. Kinetic results indicate that the adsorption is a two-step diffusion process for both dyes as indicated by the values of the initial adsorption factor (Ri) and follows the pseudo-second-order kinetics. Also, thermodynamic calculations suggest that the adsorption of AR1 on the amphoteric chitin is an endothermic process from 294 to 303 K. The result indicated that the mechanism of adsorption is chemisorption via an ion-exchange process. Also, recycling of the adsorbent was easy, and its reuse for dye removal was effective. Conclusion: New amphoteric chitin has been successfully synthesized and characterized. This resin material, which contains amino and carboxyl groups, is novel as such chemical modification of chitin hasn’t been reported. The amphoteric chitin has proven effective in decolorizing aqueous solution from anionic and cationic dyes. The adsorption behavior of amphoteric chitin is believed to follow chemical adsorption with an ion-exchange process. The recycling process for few cycles indicated that the loaded adsorbent could be regenerated by simple treatment and retested for removing anionic and cationic dyes without any loss in the adsorbability. Therefore, the study introduces a new and easy approach for the development of amphoteric adsorbent for application in the removal of different dyes from aqueous solutions.

Chromate ion-exchange process at alkaline pH

1986 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 1177-1184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arup K. Sengupta ◽  
Dennis Clifford ◽  
Suresh Subramonian
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Exchange Process ◽  
Alkaline Ph ◽  
Ion Exchange Process ◽  
Chromate Ion

The Application of ß“-Alumina As A Solid State Laser Host

1985 ◽  
Vol 60 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. Barrie ◽  
D. L. Yang ◽  
B. Dunn ◽  
O. M. Stafsudd
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Exchange Process ◽  
Laser Action ◽  
Solid State Laser ◽  
Host Crystal ◽  
State Laser ◽  
Ion Exchange Process ◽  
Single Host

AbstractIon exchanged ß“-aluminas display a number of interesting optical properties which suggest that the material is well suited for application as a solid state laser host. Small platelets of Nd3+ Ion exchanged β“-alumina exhibit laser action with gain coefficients many times greater than YAG. The versatility of the ion exchange process enables one to form a wide variety of compounds with different active ions and concentrations, thereby allowing the study of many different effects within a single host crystal.

Removal of Se(VI) from Raw Water by Ion Exchange Process

2012 ◽  
Vol 430-432 ◽  
pp. 941-948 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Sheng Shi ◽  
Yu Zhen Shi ◽  
Lin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Exchange Process ◽  
Selenium Concentration ◽  
Quality Standard ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Strong Base ◽  
Ion Exchange Process ◽  
Efficiency Cost ◽  
Easy Operation

Studies have been carried out on removal of Se(Ⅵ) from raw water by ion exchange process. The experiment results indicate that employment of strong-base anion exchange resin of 201×7 can receive a desirable result for Se removal. It is particularly true that the removal rate of Se(Ⅵ) can achieve more than 96% when the Se(Ⅵ) concentration in raw water is 100μg/L. This allows selenium concentration of the supply water in full conformity to the quality standard currently available for drinking water. Ion exchange process for Se removal has been proved to be competent for its efficiency, cost effectiveness and easy operation.

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