Green preparation of tuneable carbon–silica composite materials from wastes

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (27) ◽  
pp. 14148-14156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tengyao Jiang ◽  
Vitaliy L. Budarin ◽  
Peter S. Shuttleworth ◽  
Gary Ellis ◽  
Christopher M. A. Parlett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
Carbon Source ◽  
Mesoporous Silica ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Microwave Pyrolysis ◽  
Structural Ordering ◽  
Surface Functionality ◽  
Silica Composite

Carbon–silica composites have been successfully synthesized through the carbonization of mesoporous silica with microwave pyrolysis bio-oils. The resultant CSC exhibits not only similar pore structural ordering, but also unique advantages including temperature-dependent surface functionality, cost-effective carbon source from waste.

Poly(allylamine)–Mesoporous Silica Composite Materials for CO2Capture from Simulated Flue Gas or Ambient Air

2011 ◽  
Vol 50 (24) ◽  
pp. 14203-14210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Watcharop Chaikittisilp ◽  
Ratayakorn Khunsupat ◽  
Thomas T. Chen ◽  
Christopher W. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
Mesoporous Silica ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Silica Composite

Mineral/microfibrillated cellulose composite materials: High performance products, applications, and product forms

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (09) ◽  
pp. 507-515 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Skuse ◽  
Mark Windebank ◽  
Tafadzwa Motsi ◽  
Guillaume Tellier
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Aqueous Suspension ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
New Materials ◽  
Wet Strength ◽  
Product Forms ◽  
Cellulose Composite

When pulp and minerals are co-processed in aqueous suspension, the mineral acts as a grinding aid, facilitating the cost-effective production of fibrils. Furthermore, this processing allows the utilization of robust industrial milling equipment. There are 40000 dry metric tons of mineral/microfbrillated (MFC) cellulose composite production capacity in operation across three continents. These mineral/MFC products have been cleared by the FDA for use as a dry and wet strength agent in coated and uncoated food contact paper and paperboard applications. We have previously reported that use of these mineral/MFC composite materials in fiber-based applications allows generally improved wet and dry mechanical properties with concomitant opportunities for cost savings, property improvements, or grade developments and that the materials can be prepared using a range of fibers and minerals. Here, we: (1) report the development of new products that offer improved performance, (2) compare the performance of these new materials with that of a range of other nanocellulosic material types, (3) illustrate the performance of these new materials in reinforcement (paper and board) and viscosification applications, and (4) discuss product form requirements for different applications.

Cost-effective upgrading of the Arnsberg WWTP by post denitrification with a moving bed system

2000 ◽  
Vol 41 (9) ◽  
pp. 123-130
Author(s):  
N. Jardin ◽  
L. Rath ◽  
A. Sabin ◽  
F. Schmitt ◽  
D. Thöle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Biological Process ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Moving Bed ◽  
Trickling Filters ◽  
Sludge Hydrolysis ◽  
Effective Integration

On the basis of a cost-benefit analysis it was decided to expand the Arnsberg WWTP by a multistage biological process which allows for cost-effective integration of the existing facilities. Carbon removal will then be accomplished in a high-loaded activated sludge stage for which the existing primary clarifier is to be reconstructed. The existing trickling filters will be used for nitrification during a midterm period and will be replaced later on either by a moving bed system or by new trickling filters. Line 3 of the existing secondary clarifiers will be reconstructed and used for post denitrification in a moving bed system. The carbon needed for denitrification will be provided by means of sludge hydrolysis and the use of an external carbon source.

scholarly journals A General Temperature-Dependent Stress–Strain Constitutive Model for Polymer-Bonded Composite Materials

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1393
Author(s):  
Xiaochang Duan ◽  
Hongwei Yuan ◽  
Wei Tang ◽  
Jingjing He ◽  
Xuefei Guan
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
Constitutive Model ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Stress Strain ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Single Temperature ◽  
Testing Data ◽  
Bonded Composite ◽  
Tension And Compression

This study develops a general temperature-dependent stress–strain constitutive model for polymer-bonded composite materials, allowing for the prediction of deformation behaviors under tension and compression in the testing temperature range. Laboratory testing of the material specimens in uniaxial tension and compression at multiple temperatures ranging from −40 ∘C to 75 ∘C is performed. The testing data reveal that the stress–strain response can be divided into two general regimes, namely, a short elastic part followed by the plastic part; therefore, the Ramberg–Osgood relationship is proposed to build the stress–strain constitutive model at a single temperature. By correlating the model parameters with the corresponding temperature using a response surface, a general temperature-dependent stress–strain constitutive model is established. The effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed model are validated using several independent sets of testing data and third-party data. The performance of the proposed model is compared with an existing reference model. The validation and comparison results show that the proposed model has a lower number of parameters and yields smaller relative errors. The proposed constitutive model is further implemented as a user material routine in a finite element package. A simple structural example using the developed user material is presented and its accuracy is verified.

Monolithic Macroporous-Mesoporous Carbon Using Ionic Liquids as Carbon Source

2014 ◽  
Vol 988 ◽  
pp. 23-26
Author(s):  
Ai Bing Chen ◽  
Yun Hong Yu ◽  
Yi Feng Yu ◽  
Hai Jun Lv ◽  
Ting Ting Xing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Carbon Source ◽  
Mesoporous Silica ◽  
Mesoporous Carbon ◽  
Structure Directing Agent ◽  
Silica Source ◽  
Pu Foam ◽  
Silica Materials ◽  
Mesoporous Silica Materials ◽  
Ordered Macroporous

A facile approach is employed for the preparation of hierarchically porous structures monolithic ordered macroporous-mesoporous silica materials (OMS) using the commercially available and cheap polyurethane (PU) foam as monolithic template, triblock copolymer P123 (EO20PO70EO20) as structure-directing agent and tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) as silica source, then monolithic ordered macro porous-mesoporous carbon materials (OMC) is synthesized by using monolithic ordered macroporous-mesoporous silica materials as hard template and ionic liquids as the carbon source. The silica and carbon monoliths possess uniform pore sizes (3.74-3.84 nm) and ordered mesostructure.

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