High charge-capacity polymer electrodes comprising alkali lignin from the Kraft process

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (21) ◽  
pp. 11330-11339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Leguizamon ◽  
Kryssia P. Díaz-Orellana ◽  
Julian Velez ◽  
Mark C. Thies ◽  
Mark E. Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Charge Capacity ◽  
High Charge ◽  
Alkali Lignin ◽  
Kraft Process ◽  
Polymer Electrodes

Electrodes comprising polypyrrole and alkali lignin are synthesized from acetic acid electrolytes providing high charge-capacity materials based on abundant and renewable biopolymers.

Redox Solute Doped Polypyrrole for High-Charge Capacity Polymer Electrodes

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 1601-1607 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margarita R. Arcila-Velez ◽  
Mark E. Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Charge Capacity ◽  
High Charge ◽  
Polymer Electrodes

scholarly journals Two-Electron Reaction without Structural Phase Transition in Nanoporous Cathode Material

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoyuki Matsuda ◽  
Yutaka Moritomo
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Cathode Material ◽  
Structural Phase Transition ◽  
Structural Phase ◽  
Discharge Process ◽  
Charge Capacity ◽  
High Charge ◽  
Valence States ◽  
X Ray Absorption ◽  
Charge Discharge

We investigated the charge/discharge properties, valence states, and structural properties of a nanoporous cathode materialLixMn[Fe(CN)6]0.83·3.5H2O. The film-type electrode ofLixMn[Fe(CN)6]0.83·3.5H2Oexhibited a high charge capacity(=128 mAh g-1)and a good cyclability (87% of the initial value after 100 cycles) and is one of the promising candidates for Li-ion battery cathode. X-ray absorption spectra near the Fe and Mn K-edges revealed that the charge/discharge process is a two-electron reaction; that is,MnII–NC–FeII,MnII–NC–FeIII, andMnIII–NC–FeIII. We further found that the crystal structure remains cubic throughout the charge/discharge process. The lattice constant slightly increased during the[FeII(CN)6]4-/[FeIII(CN)6]3-oxidization reaction while decreased during theMnII/MnIIIoxidization reaction. The two-electron reaction without structural phase transition is responsible for the high charge capacity and the good cyclability.

Chloride functionalized carbon nanotube sponge: High charge capacity and high magnetic saturation

Carbon ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 164 ◽  
pp. 324-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan L. Fajardo-Díaz ◽  
Florentino López-Urías ◽  
Emilio Muñoz-Sandoval
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Magnetic Saturation ◽  
Charge Capacity ◽  
High Charge ◽  
Functionalized Carbon Nanotube

scholarly journals High‐charge‐capacity sputtered iridium oxide neural stimulation electrodes deposited using water vapor as a reactive plasma constituent

2019 ◽  
Vol 108 (3) ◽  
pp. 880-891 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jimin Maeng ◽  
Bitan Chakraborty ◽  
Negar Geramifard ◽  
Tong Kang ◽  
Rashed T. Rihani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapor ◽  
Iridium Oxide ◽  
Neural Stimulation ◽  
Charge Capacity ◽  
High Charge ◽  
Reactive Plasma

Hydrothermal Oxidation of Industrial Alkali Lignin for Producing Small Molecular Organic Acids

2012 ◽  
Vol 608-609 ◽  
pp. 1399-1406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guang Yi Zhang ◽  
Ju Wei Zhang ◽  
Jian Yu ◽  
Yin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Paper Industry ◽  
Black Liquor ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Hydrothermal Conditions ◽  
Alkali Lignin ◽  
Hydrothermal Oxidation ◽  
Acetic Acids

To control the serious pollution caused by alkaline pulping in paper industry and utilize alkali lignin – the main organic ingredient residing in black liquor, an experimental research on hydrothermal oxidation of industrial alkali lignin for producing small molecule organic acids (mostly formic and acetic acids) was conducted using batch reactors. The results showed that the yields of acetic acid almost entirely increased and then decreased with oxygen supplies, reaction times and reaction temperatures, while the yields of formic acid fell in a narrow range of ~ 4% irrespective of all the hydrothermal conditions. A highest total yield of formic and acetic acids of 23.0% was achieved at the conditions of 300 °C, a 100% oxygen supply and a 60 s reaction time, and at the same time a highest yield of acetic acid of 20.3% was obtained. Based on the products recognized, the main pathways for producing small molecular organic acids, particularly formic and acetic acids were discussed.

Carbon Nanotube Based Electrodes for Neuroprosthetic Applications

2006 ◽  
Vol 926 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas S. Phely-Bobin ◽  
Thomas Tiano ◽  
Brian Farrell ◽  
Radek Fooksa ◽  
Lois Robblee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Low Noise ◽  
Iridium Oxide ◽  
Charge Capacity ◽  
High Capacitance ◽  
High Charge ◽  
Oxide Electrodes ◽  
A Value ◽  
Felt Electrodes

ABSTRACTFoster-Miller, Inc., in conjunction with InnerSea Technology, NanoTechLabs and Dr. Lois Robblee, has demonstrated a simple, low cost process for the fabrication of high capacitance, low impedance, and high surface area carbon nanotube (CNT) electrodes for use as implantable microelectrodes. Implantable microelectrodes for electrical stimulation of neurons and recording neuronal responses are essential tools for neurophysiologists studying the behavior of neurons in the brain, spinal cord and peripheral nerve. Critical properties of an electrode interface should include: low noise, low impedance, biocompatibility, electrical stability during chronic use, and high charge capacity. Iridium oxide has all of these properties and thus has been utilized for significant developments in the neural prostheses area. However, these electrodes have several shortcomings, including: high material cost, labor-intensive processing, and deterioration of long term stability.The results of electrochemical testing of the CNT electrodes show high capacitance and low impedance. Preliminary testing indicates that the CNT felt electrodes have advantages over state of the art iridium oxide electrodes in that their highest charge capacity is distributed within the cathodic portion of the water window, exactly where iridium oxide charge capacity is lowest. When the integration of the cathodic part of a CV is done in the potential window from 0.3 V (open circuit) to −0.7 V, at which the electrode will be used, we obtain a value of 38 μc-cm−2. Similar integration for an iridium oxide electrode gives a value of 15 mC cm−2. The high charge capacity of the CNT felt electrode over the cathodic potential range below 0.0 V is advantageous for electrical stimulation with cathodal current pulses. This is a feature lacking in Iridium oxide electrodes for which most of the charge capacity is accessed over anodic potentials above 0.0 V. In order for Iridium oxide electrodes to utilize their charge capacity during cathodal pulses, it is necessary to apply an anodic bias to the stimulation electrode between stimulus pulses. This leads to increased complexity of stimulation circuitry and the possibility of the intermittent occurrence of low dc current, both of which will be avoided with the CNT felt electrodes.

Electrochemical Cycling‐Induced Spinel Formation in High‐Charge‐Capacity Orthorhombic LiMnO2

1999 ◽  
Vol 146 (9) ◽  
pp. 3217-3223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Young‐Il Jang ◽  
Biying Huang ◽  
Haifeng Wang ◽  
Donald R. Sadoway ◽  
Yet‐Ming Chiang
Keyword(s):  
Charge Capacity ◽  
High Charge ◽  
Spinel Formation ◽  
Electrochemical Cycling ◽  
Orthorhombic Limno2

Cu2Nb34O87 nanowires as a superior lithium storage host in advanced rechargeable batteries

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinhao Cai ◽  
Huihui Yan ◽  
Runtian Zheng ◽  
Haoxiang Yu ◽  
Zhengwei Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coulombic Efficiency ◽  
Rechargeable Batteries ◽  
Lithium Storage ◽  
Charge Capacity ◽  
High Charge ◽  
Redox Couples

Cu2Nb34O78 nanowires present a high charge capacity of 279.8 mA h g−1 with a Coulombic efficiency of 89.6% based on Nb5+/Nb4+, Nb4+/Nb3+ and Cu2+/Cu+ redox couples.

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