Universal scaling of crowding-induced DNA mobility is coupled with topology-dependent molecular compaction and elongation

Soft Matter ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (39) ◽  
pp. 7762-7768 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie M. Gorczyca ◽  
Cole D. Chapman ◽  
Rae M. Robertson-Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Universal Scaling ◽  
Linear Chains ◽  
Dna Mobility ◽  
Entropically Driven

Universal scaling of crowding-induced DNA mobility is coupled with entropically-driven compaction of rings and elongation of linear chains.

scholarly journals Investigation of the Validity of the Universal Scaling Law on Linear Chains of Silver Nanoparticles

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Mohammed Alsawafta ◽  
Mamoun Wahbeh ◽  
Vo-Van Truong
Keyword(s):  
Scaling Law ◽  
Surrounding Medium ◽  
Interparticle Spacing ◽  
Nanoparticle Size ◽  
Decay Length ◽  
Universal Scaling ◽  
Linear Chains ◽  
Interparticle Separation ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Universal Law

Due to the wide range of variation in the plasmonic characteristics of the metallic nanoparticles arranged in linear arrays, the optical spectra of these arrays provide a powerful platform for spectroscopic studies and biosensing applications. Due to the coupling effect between the interacting nanoparticles, the excited resonance mode is shifted with the interparticle separation. The change in the resonance energy of the coupled mode is expressed by the fractional plasmon shift which would normally follow a universal scaling behavior. Such a universal law has been successfully applied on a system of dimers under parallel polarization. It has been found that the plasmon shift decays exponentially over interparticle spacing. The decay length is independent of both the nanoparticle and dielectric properties of the surrounding medium. In this paper, the discrete dipole approximation (DDA) is used to examine the validity of extending the universal scaling law to linear chains of several interacting nanoparticles embedded in various host media for both parallel and perpendicular polarizations. Our calculations reveal that the decay length of both the coupled longitudinal mode (LM) and transverse modes (TM) is strongly dependent on the refractive index of the surrounding mediumnm. The decay constant of the LM is linearly proportional tonmwhile the corresponding constant of the TM decays exponentially withnm. Upon changing the nanoparticle size, the change in the peak position of the LM decreases exponentially with the interparticle separation and hence, it obeys the universal law. The sensitivity of coupled LM to the nanoparticle size is more pronounced at both smaller nanoparticle sizes and separations. The sensitivity of the coupled TM to the nanoparticle size on the other hand changes linearly with the separation and therefore, the universal law does not apply in the case of the excited TM.

Electrogeneration of Conducting Poly(α-tetrathiophene). Effect of Solution Stirring and Detection of Linear Oligomers

2003 ◽  
Vol 68 (7) ◽  
pp. 1326-1344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesc Estrany ◽  
Ramon Oliver ◽  
Esther García ◽  
Esther Gualba ◽  
Pere-Lluís Cabot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ion Pairs ◽  
Polymer Chains ◽  
Polymerization Process ◽  
Anodic Process ◽  
Cathodic Peak ◽  
Linear Chains ◽  
Monomer Solution ◽  
Ir Analysis ◽  
Microscopy Images ◽  
Tof Ms

The anodic oxidation of α-tetrathiophene on Pt was studied in a 1.0 mM monomer solution in 0.1 M LiClO4 in 45:35:20 acetonitrile/ethanol/DMF. Three consecutive oxidation peaks were detected by cyclic voltammetry, along with a cathodic peak related to the reduction of electroactive polarons formed during the first anodic process. Uniform, adherent, insoluble and black polymer films were obtained by chronoamperometry at 1.000 V vs Ag|AgCl corresponding to the first oxidation-polymerization process. Stirring of monomer solution promotes the production of polymer, favoring the oxidation of polymer chains with the incorporation of more doping ClO4- ions and ion pairs of Li+ClO4- in their monomeric units. The conductivity of the polymer obtained under stirring was three orders of magnitude higher than that synthesized from a quiescent solution. The scanning electron microscopy images also showed much more uniform films under stirring. This behavior points to the existence of less crosslinking in the polymer and the production of longer linear chains when the solution is stirred. IR analysis of these materials confirmed the formation of crosslinked chains with predominance of β-β linkages. Short linear oligomers such as the dimer, trimer and tetramer were detected in all polymers by MALDI-TOF-MS, thus showing a radical polycondensation as initial electropolymerization mechanism. A larger proportion of linear oligomers is formed under solution stirring.

scholarly journals Binding Interactions of Peptide Aptamers

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (24) ◽  
pp. 6055
Author(s):  
Roger R. C. New ◽  
Tam T. T. Bui ◽  
Michal Bogus
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Binding Site ◽  
Cyclic Peptides ◽  
Binding Interactions ◽  
Peptide Aptamers ◽  
Linear Peptide ◽  
Signalling Molecules ◽  
Antibody Binding Site ◽  
Linear Chains ◽  
Protein Receptors

Peptide aptamers are short amino acid chains that are capable of binding specifically to ligands in the same way as their much larger counterparts, antibodies. Ligands of therapeutic interest that can be targeted are other peptide chains or loops located on the surface of protein receptors (e.g., GCPR), which take part in cell-to-cell communications either directly or via the intermediary of hormones or signalling molecules. To confer on aptamers the same sort of conformational rigidity that characterises an antibody binding site, aptamers are often constructed in the form of cyclic peptides, on the assumption that this will encourage stronger binding interactions than would occur if the aptamers were simply linear chains. However, no formal studies have been conducted to confirm the hypothesis that linear peptides will engage in stronger binding interactions with cyclic peptides than with other linear peptides. In this study, the interaction of a model cyclic decamer with a series of linear peptide constructs was compared with that of a linear peptide with the same sequence, showing that the cyclic configuration does confer benefits by increasing the strength of binding.

Behavior of free linear chains of polystyrene in a network of methyl methacrylate in toluene

1993 ◽  
Vol 26 (22) ◽  
pp. 6092-6099 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jyotsana Lal ◽  
Jacques Bastide ◽  
Rama Bansil ◽  
Francois Boue
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Methacrylate ◽  
Linear Chains
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