W18O49nanowire composites as novel barrier layers for Li–S batteries based on high loading of commercial micro-sized sulfur

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (18) ◽  
pp. 15234-15239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weikun Zhang ◽  
Chong Lin ◽  
Shan Cong ◽  
Junyu Hou ◽  
Bin Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Barrier Layer ◽  
Specific Capacity ◽  
High Loading ◽  
Shuttle Effect ◽  
Barrier Layers ◽  
Layer Material

A novel barrier layer material, nonstoichiometric W18O49nanowire is reported to alleviate the undesirable shuttle effect, thereby largely boosting the specific capacity and cyclability of Li–S batteries.

scholarly journals Understanding Sulfur Redox Mechanisms in Different Electrolytes for Room-Temperature Na–S Batteries

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanwen Liu ◽  
Wei-Hong Lai ◽  
Qiuran Yang ◽  
Yaojie Lei ◽  
Can Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Reversible Capacity ◽  
High Loading ◽  
Side Reactions ◽  
Liquid Sulfur ◽  
Shuttle Effect ◽  
Loading Ratio ◽  
Solid Liquid ◽  
Sulfur Cathodes

Abstract This work reports influence of two different electrolytes, carbonate ester and ether electrolytes, on the sulfur redox reactions in room-temperature Na–S batteries. Two sulfur cathodes with different S loading ratio and status are investigated. A sulfur-rich composite with most sulfur dispersed on the surface of a carbon host can realize a high loading ratio (72% S). In contrast, a confined sulfur sample can encapsulate S into the pores of the carbon host with a low loading ratio (44% S). In carbonate ester electrolyte, only the sulfur trapped in porous structures is active via ‘solid–solid’ behavior during cycling. The S cathode with high surface sulfur shows poor reversible capacity because of the severe side reactions between the surface polysulfides and the carbonate ester solvents. To improve the capacity of the sulfur-rich cathode, ether electrolyte with NaNO3 additive is explored to realize a ‘solid–liquid’ sulfur redox process and confine the shuttle effect of the dissolved polysulfides. As a result, the sulfur-rich cathode achieved high reversible capacity (483 mAh g−1), corresponding to a specific energy of 362 Wh kg−1 after 200 cycles, shedding light on the use of ether electrolyte for high-loading sulfur cathode.

scholarly journals Hierarchical Porous, N-Containing Carbon Supports for High Loading Sulfur Cathodes

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 408
Author(s):  
Jae-Woo Park ◽  
Hyun Jin Hwang ◽  
Hui-Ju Kang ◽  
Gazi A. K. M. Rafiqul Bari ◽  
Tae-Gyu Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
High Loading ◽  
Carbon Supports ◽  
Structure Directing Agent ◽  
Shuttle Effect ◽  
Main Challenge ◽  
Hierarchical Porous ◽  
Hollow Carbon ◽  
A Minor

The lithium-polysulfide (LiPS) dissolution from the cathode to the organic electrolyte is the main challenge for high-energy-density lithium-sulfur batteries (LSBs). Herein, we present a multi-functional porous carbon, melamine cyanurate (MCA)-glucose-derived carbon (MGC), with superior porosity, electrical conductivity, and polysulfide affinity as an efficient sulfur support to mitigate the shuttle effect. MGC is prepared via a reactive templating approach, wherein the organic MCA crystals are utilized as the pore-/micro-structure-directing agent and nitrogen source. The homogeneous coating of spherical MCA crystal particles with glucose followed by carbonization at 600 °C leads to the formation of hierarchical porous hollow carbon spheres with abundant pyridinic N-functional groups without losing their microstructural ordering. Moreover, MGC enables facile penetration and intensive anchoring of LiPS, especially under high loading sulfur conditions. Consequently, the MGC cathode exhibited a high areal capacity of 5.79 mAh cm−2 at 1 mA cm−2 and high loading sulfur of 6.0 mg cm−2 with a minor capacity decay rate of 0.18% per cycle for 100 cycles.

scholarly journals Porous Carbon Architecture Assembled by Cross-Linked Carbon Leaves with Implanted Atomic Cobalt for High-Performance Li–S Batteries

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruirui Wang ◽  
Renbing Wu ◽  
Chaofan Ding ◽  
Ziliang Chen ◽  
Hongbin Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Active Sites ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Specific Capacity ◽  
Three Dimension ◽  
Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework ◽  
Shuttle Effect ◽  
Promising Solution ◽  
Fading Rate ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Sulfur Cathodes

AbstractThe practical application of lithium–sulfur batteries is severely hampered by the poor conductivity, polysulfide shuttle effect and sluggish reaction kinetics of sulfur cathodes. Herein, a hierarchically porous three-dimension (3D) carbon architecture assembled by cross-linked carbon leaves with implanted atomic Co–N4 has been delicately developed as an advanced sulfur host through a SiO2-mediated zeolitic imidazolate framework-L (ZIF-L) strategy. The unique 3D architectures not only provide a highly conductive network for fast electron transfer and buffer the volume change upon lithiation–delithiation process but also endow rich interface with full exposure of Co–N4 active sites to boost the lithium polysulfides adsorption and conversion. Owing to the accelerated kinetics and suppressed shuttle effect, the as-prepared sulfur cathode exhibits a superior electrochemical performance with a high reversible specific capacity of 695 mAh g−1 at 5 C and a low capacity fading rate of 0.053% per cycle over 500 cycles at 1 C. This work may provide a promising solution for the design of an advanced sulfur-based cathode toward high-performance Li–S batteries.

Fast Polysulfides Catalytic Conversion and Self-Repairing Ability for High Loading Lithium-Sulfur Batteries using a Permselective Coating Layer Modified Separator

Nanoscale ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fanglei Zeng ◽  
Fang Wang ◽  
Ning Li ◽  
Ke Meng Song ◽  
Shi-Ye Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Coating Layer ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
High Loading ◽  
Battery System ◽  
Shuttle Effect ◽  
Lithium Sulfur Batteries ◽  
Lithium Sulfur ◽  
Modified Separator

Li-S battery is considered as one of the most promising battery system because of its large theoretical capacity and high energy density. However, the “shuttle effect” of soluble polysulfides and...

Novel melamine-based porous organic polymers: synthesis, characterizations, morphology modifications, and their applications in lithium-sulfur batteries

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haiyang Liu ◽  
Jiaxing Wang ◽  
Miao SUN ◽  
Yu Wang ◽  
Runing Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Rational Design ◽  
Specific Capacity ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Organic Polymer ◽  
Energy Storage Devices ◽  
Shuttle Effect ◽  
Physical Constraints ◽  
Lithium Sulfur

Abstract Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries have been considered to be one of the most promising energy storage devices in the next generation. However, the insulating properties of sulfur and the shuttle effect of soluble lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) seriously hinder the practical application of Li-S batteries. In this paper, a novel porous organic polymer (HUT3) was prepared based on the polycondensation between melamine and 1,4-phenylene diisocyanate. The micro morphology of HUT3 was improved by in-situ growth on different mass fractions of rGO (5%, 10%, 15%), and the obtained HUT3-rGO composites were employed as sulfur carriers in Li-S batteries with promoted the sulfur loading ratio and lithium ion mobility. Attributed to the synergistic effect of the chemisorption of polar groups and the physical constraints of HUT3 structure, HUT3-rGO/S electrodes exhibits excellent capacity and cyclability performance. For instance, HUT3-10rGO/S electrode exhibits a high initial specific capacity of 950 mAh g-1 at 0.2 C and retains a high capacity of 707 mAh g-1 after 500 cycles at 1 C. This work emphasizes the importance of the rational design of the chemical structure and opens up a simple way for the development of cathode materials suitable for high-performance Li-S batteries.

Uniform Coverage of High-loading Sulfur on Cross-linked Carbon Nanofiber for High Reaction Kinetics in the Li-S Batteries with Low Electrolyte/Sulfur Ratio

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenhao Wu ◽  
Xiying Li ◽  
Liangliang Liu ◽  
Xuebing Zhu ◽  
Zhijie Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Kinetics ◽  
Carbon Nanofiber ◽  
High Loading ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Shuttle Effect ◽  
Uniform Coverage ◽  
High Reaction ◽  
Host Materials

The aggregation of high loading sulfur on host materials at low carbon/sulfur (C/S) ratio results in the limited S↔Li2S reaction kinetics and shuttle effect of polysulfide, which is the bottleneck...

scholarly journals A porous 3D-RGO@MWCNT hybrid material as Li–S battery cathode

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 514-521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongguang Zhang ◽  
Jun Ren ◽  
Yan Zhao ◽  
Taizhe Tan ◽  
Fuxing Yin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Coulombic Efficiency ◽  
Specific Capacity ◽  
3D Structure ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Rate Capability ◽  
Composite Matrix ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon ◽  
Shuttle Effect ◽  
Reduced Graphene

In this work, a unique three-dimensional (3D) structured carbon-based composite was synthesized. In the composite, multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) form a lattice matrix in which porous spherical reduced graphene oxide (RGO) completes the 3D structure. When used in Li–S batteries, the 3D porous lattice matrix not only accommodates a high content of sulfur, but also induces a confinement effect towards polysulfide, and thereby reduces the “shuttle effect”. The as-prepared S-3D-RGO@MWCNT composite delivers an initial specific capacity of 1102 mAh·g−1. After 200 charging/discharge cycles, a capacity of 805 mAh·g−1 and a coulombic efficiency of 98% were maintained, implying the shuttle effect was greatly suppressed by the composite matrix. In addition, the S-3D-RGO@MWCNT composite also exhibits an excellent rate capability.

scholarly journals MnO2/rGO/CNTs Framework as a Sulfur Host for High-Performance Li-S Batteries

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 1989 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Dong ◽  
Lingqiang Meng ◽  
Xiaodong Hong ◽  
Sizhe Liu ◽  
Ding Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Physical Adsorption ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Electronic Conductivity ◽  
Specific Capacity ◽  
Framework Structure ◽  
Shuttle Effect ◽  
Lithium Sulfur Batteries ◽  
Lithium Sulfur ◽  
Initial Capacity

Lithium-sulfur batteries are very promising next-generation energy storage batteries due to their high theoretical specific capacity. However, the shuttle effect of lithium-sulfur batteries is one of the important bottlenecks that limits its rapid development. Herein, physical and chemical dual adsorption of lithium polysulfides are achieved by designing a novel framework structure consisting of MnO2, reduced graphene oxide (rGO), and carbon nanotubes (CNTs). The framework-structure composite of MnO2/rGO/CNTs is prepared by a simple hydrothermal method. The framework exhibits a uniform and abundant mesoporous structure (concentrating in ~12 nm). MnO2 is an α phase structure and the α-MnO2 also has a significant effect on the adsorption of lithium polysulfides. The rGO and CNTs provide a good physical adsorption interaction and good electronic conductivity for the dissolved polysulfides. As a result, the MnO2/rGO/CNTs/S cathode delivered a high initial capacity of 1201 mAh g−1 at 0.2 C. The average capacities were 916 mAh g−1, 736 mAh g−1, and 547 mAh g−1 at the current densities of 0.5 C, 1 C, and 2 C, respectively. In addition, when tested at 0.5 C, the MnO2/rGO/CNTs/S exhibited a high initial capacity of 1010 mAh g−1 and achieved 780 mAh g−1 after 200 cycles, with a low capacity decay rate of 0.11% per cycle. This framework-structure composite provides a simple way to improve the electrochemical performance of Li-S batteries.

scholarly journals Molybdenum trioxide thin film recombination barrier layers for dye sensitized solar cells

RSC Advances ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (77) ◽  
pp. 48853-48860 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aditya Ashok ◽  
S. N. Vijayaraghavan ◽  
Shantikumar V. Nair ◽  
Mariyappan Shanmugam
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Charge Transport ◽  
Barrier Layer ◽  
Molybdenum Trioxide ◽  
Dye Sensitized Solar Cells ◽  
Electron Hole ◽  
Barrier Layers ◽  
Dye Sensitized ◽  
Sensitized Solar Cells ◽  
Hole Recombination

MoO3 thin film recombination barrier layer suppresses electron–hole recombination at the FTO–TiO2 interface and facilitates charge transport.

scholarly journals Performance of Cu–Ag Thin Films as Diffusion Barrier Layer

Coatings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1087
Author(s):  
Po-Hsien Sung ◽  
Tei-Chen Chen
Keyword(s):  
Barrier Layer ◽  
Diffusion Barrier ◽  
Glass Forming Ability ◽  
Dynamics Simulation ◽  
Quenching Rate ◽  
Barrier Layers ◽  
Glass Forming ◽  
Diffusion Barrier Layer ◽  
Diffusion Simulation ◽  
Lower Electrical Resistivity

It is well-known that Cu–Sn intermetallic compounds are easily produced during reflow process and result in poor reliability of solder bump. Recently, amorphous metallic films have been considered to be the most effective barrier layer because of the absence of grain boundaries and immiscibility with copper. Since Cu–Ag alloys are characterized by their lower electrical resistivity and superior glass-forming ability, they are appropriate to be used as the diffusion barrier layers. In this study, molecular dynamics simulation was performed to investigate the effects of composition ratio and quenching rate on the internal microstructure, diffusion properties, and the strength of the interface between polycrystalline Cu and Cu–Ag barrier layers. The results showed that Cu40Ag60 and Cu60Ag40 present more than 95% of the amorphous at quenching rate between 0.25 and 25 K/ps, indicating a good glass-forming ability. Diffusion simulation showed that a better barrier performance can be achieved with higher amorphous ratio. For the sample of Cu20Ag80 with quenching rate of 25 K/ps, a void is initially generated in amorphous Cu–Ag layer during the tensile test. This indicates the strength of amorphous Cu–Ag is weaker than Cu–Ag/Cu interface and the polycrystalline Cu layer.

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