scholarly journals Optical approach to resin formulation for 3D printed microfluidics

RSC Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (129) ◽  
pp. 106621-106632 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hua Gong ◽  
Michael Beauchamp ◽  
Steven Perry ◽  
Adam T. Woolley ◽  
Gregory P. Nordin
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Microfluidic Devices ◽  
Size Reduction ◽  
3D Print ◽  
Flow Channels ◽  
Microfluidic Flow ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Resin Formulation

Custom resin formulation enables 3D printing of much smaller microfluidic flow channels (60 μm × 108 μm) than obtained with commercial 3D printing service bureaus. Such size reduction is a prerequisite to 3D print truly microfluidic devices.

scholarly journals Microstructured Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensor Based on Inkjet 3D Printing Using Photocurable Resins with Tailored Refractive Index

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 2518
Author(s):  
Nunzio Cennamo ◽  
Lorena Saitta ◽  
Claudio Tosto ◽  
Francesco Arcadio ◽  
Luigi Zeni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Plasmon Resonance ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Surface Plasmon ◽  
Plasmon Resonance ◽  
Optical Sensor ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
3D Print ◽  
Spr Sensor ◽  
Resonance Sensor ◽  
3D Printed

In this work, a novel approach to realize a plasmonic sensor is presented. The proposed optical sensor device is designed, manufactured, and experimentally tested. Two photo-curable resins are used to 3D print a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor. Both numerical and experimental analyses are presented in the paper. The numerical and experimental results confirm that the 3D printed SPR sensor presents performances, in term of figure of merit (FOM), very similar to other SPR sensors made using plastic optical fibers (POFs). For the 3D printed sensor, the measured FOM is 13.6 versus 13.4 for the SPR-POF configuration. The cost analysis shows that the 3D printed SPR sensor can be manufactured at low cost (∼15 €) that is competitive with traditional sensors. The approach presented here allows to realize an innovative SPR sensor showing low-cost, 3D-printing manufacturing free design and the feasibility to be integrated with other optical devices on the same plastic planar support, thus opening undisclosed future for the optical sensor systems.

3D Printed and Additively Manufactured RoboSiC™ for Space, Cryogenic, Laser and Nuclear Environments

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 (1) ◽  
pp. 000099-000103
Author(s):  
William A. Goodman
Keyword(s):  
Silicon Carbide ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Phase I ◽  
Areal Density ◽  
Radiation Shielding ◽  
Space Telescope ◽  
3D Print ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Lattice Construction ◽  
Better Than

Abstract Goodman Technologies has been directly responsive to, and focused on, 3D printing and additive manufacturing techniques, and what it takes to manufacture in zero-gravity. During a NASA Phase I SBIR project, using a small multi-printhead machine, we showed that it was possible to formulate and 3D print silicon carbide into shapes appropriate for lightweight mirrors and structures at the production rate of 1.2 square-meter/day. Gradient lattice coupons with feature sizes on the order of 0.8mm were printed and were easily machined to very fine tolerances, ten-thousandths of an inch by Coastline Optics in Camarillo, CA. To further elaborate on the list of achievements, in Phase I, Team GT demonstrated three different ceramization techniques for 3D printing low areal cost, ultra-lightweight Silicon Carbide (SiC) mirrors and structures, radiation shielding, and electronics, several of which could be employed in microgravity The Goodman Technologies briefing presented at 2017 Mirror Technology Days “3D Printed Silicon Carbide Scalable to Meter-Class Segments for Far-Infrared Surveyor: NASA Contract NNX17CM29P along with sample coupons resulted in extreme interest from both Government and the Contractor communities. Our materials, which we call RoboSiC™, is suited for many other applications including heat sinks and radiation shielding for space electronics, and we have already started to make the first parts for these applications. The successful Phase I project suggests that we will meet or exceed all NASA requirements for the primary mirror of a Far-IR Surveyor such as the Origins Space Telescope (OST) and have a high probability solution for the LUVOIR Surveyor in time for the 2020 Decadal Survey. Results indicate that printing on the ground will achieve an areal density of 7.75 kg/square-meter (~39% of a James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) beryllium segment), a cost to print of $60K/segment, and an optical surface that has nanometer-scale tolerances. Printing in the microgravity environment of space we have the potential to achieve an areal density of 1.0–2.0 kg/square meter (<10% of a JWST beryllium segment), with a cost to print of ~$10K/segment. The areal density is 2–15 times better than the NASA goal of 15 kg/square meter, and the costs are substantially better than the NASA goal of $100K/square meter. The encapsulated gradient lattice construction provides a uniform CTE throughout the part for dimensional stability, incredible specific stiffness, and the added benefit of cryo-damping. For the extreme wavefront control required by the Large UV/Optical/IR Surveyor (LUVOIR) the regularly spaced lattice construction should also provide deterministic mapping of any optical distortions directly to the regular actuator spacing of a deformable mirror (DM). Some of our processes will also allow for direct embedding of electronics for active structures and segments. Encapsulation of the lattice structures will allow for actively cooling with helium for unprecedented low emissivity and thermal control. Several decades of experience and testing with SiC have shown that our materials will survive, nay thrive in, the most extreme Space, Cryogenic, Laser and Nuclear Environments.

An Initial Effort to Create a Superficial Femoral Artery Ultrasound Phantom Using 3-Dimensional Printing

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-73
Author(s):  
Paul D. Bishop ◽  
Thomas Fultz ◽  
Lisa Smith ◽  
Ryan S. Klatte ◽  
Francis Loth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Femoral Artery ◽  
Superficial Femoral Artery ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Duplex Ultrasound ◽  
3D Print ◽  
Stl File ◽  
Calcified Plaque ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Artery Geometry

Three-dimensional (3D) printing of anatomical structures has yielded valuable models for simulation, education, and surgical planning applications. Applications for 3D printing have continued to expand to include some ultrasound applications. The goal of this effort was to evaluate if a 3D printed model of a superficial femoral artery (SFA) would have realistic ultrasound characteristics. A computed tomography scan was 3D reconstructed and segmented using TeraRecon Aquarius Intuition software (TeraRecon, Foster City, California) to obtain an atherosclerotic SFA geometry. Both the lumen geometry and calcified plaque geometry of the SFA were exported as a stereolithographic (STL) file. The STL file was printed with An Object350 Connex 3D System using 2 different materials selected based on published elastic modulus data. VeroWhite was selected for the calcified plaque and TangoPlus Clear was selected for the artery wall. After printing, the SFA model was imaged in a water bath with a Phillips IU22 duplex ultrasound console and L12-9 ultrasound probe. Ultrasound imaging of the SFA model yielded grayscale views of artery geometry. Lumen geometry of the SFA model was similar to the actual artery geometry. Ultrasound was able to discern between the 3D print materials and visualize regions with stenosis. Suboptimal ultrasound parameters of echogenicity and wave velocity noted to differ from biological tissue. Total 3D print material cost was estimated at below $20. Although the 3D printed model did not have fully accurate ultrasound characteristics, it still provided realistic imaging. With further research, 3D printed models may offer a low-cost alternative for ultrasound phantoms.

scholarly journals 3D Printed Microfluidics

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna V. Nielsen ◽  
Michael J. Beauchamp ◽  
Gregory P. Nordin ◽  
Adam T. Woolley
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Microfluidic Devices ◽  
Fabrication Method ◽  
Size Scale ◽  
Additional Work ◽  
Fluidic Devices ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Microfabrication Techniques

Traditional microfabrication techniques suffer from several disadvantages, including the inability to create truly three-dimensional (3D) architectures, expensive and time-consuming processes when changing device designs, and difficulty in transitioning from prototyping fabrication to bulk manufacturing. 3D printing is an emerging technique that could overcome these disadvantages. While most 3D printed fluidic devices and features to date have been on the millifluidic size scale, some truly microfluidic devices have been shown. Currently, stereolithography is the most promising approach for routine creation of microfluidic structures, but several approaches under development also have potential. Microfluidic 3D printing is still in an early stage, similar to where polydimethylsiloxane was two decades ago. With additional work to advance printer hardware and software control, expand and improve resin and printing material selections, and realize additional applications for 3D printed devices, we foresee 3D printing becoming the dominant microfluidic fabrication method.

scholarly journals Mesh processing for improved perceptual quality of 3D printed relief

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yifan Yang ◽  
Yutaka Ohtake ◽  
Hiromasa Suzuki
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
User Interfaces ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Perceptual Quality ◽  
Triangle Mesh ◽  
3D Print ◽  
Mesh Processing ◽  
3D Printed

Abstract Making arts and crafts is an essential application of 3D printing. However, typically, 3D printers have limited resolution; thus, the perceptual quality of the result is always low, mainly when the input mesh is a relief. To address this problem using existing 3D printing technology, we only operate the shape of the input triangle mesh. To improve the perceptual quality of a 3D printed product, we propose an integrated mesh processing that comprises feature extraction, 3D print preview, feature preservation test, and shape enhancement. The proposed method can identify and enlarge features that need to be enhanced without large-scale deformation. Besides, to improve ease of use, intermediate processes are visualized via user interfaces. To evaluate the proposed method, the processed triangle meshes are 3D printed. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is confirmed by comparing photographs of the original 3D prints and the enhanced 3D prints.

scholarly journals One-click preparation of 3D print files (*.stl, *.wrl) from *.cif (crystallographic information framework) data using Cif2VRML

2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (S2) ◽  
pp. S42-S47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Werner Kaminsky ◽  
Trevor Snyder ◽  
Jennifer Stone-Sundberg ◽  
Peter Moeck
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
New Materials ◽  
3D Print ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Information Framework

Ongoing software developments for creating three-dimensional (3D) printed crystallographic models seamlessly from Crystallographic Information Framework (CIF) data (*.cif files) are reported. Color versus monochrome printing is briefly discussed. Recommendations are made on the basis of our preliminary printing efforts. A brief outlook on new materials for 3D printing is given.

3D Printing for Manufacturing Antique and Modern Musical Instrument Parts

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Celentano ◽  
Nicholas May ◽  
Edward Simoneau ◽  
Richard DiPasquale ◽  
Zahra Shahbazi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Cloud Model ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Sound Quality ◽  
Musical Instrument ◽  
Original Design ◽  
Manufacturing Method ◽  
3D Print ◽  
3D Printed

Professional musicians today often invest in obtaining antique or vintage instruments. These pieces can be used as collector items or more practically, as performance instruments to give a unique sound of a past music era. Unfortunately, these relics are rare, fragile, and particularly expensive to obtain for a modern day musician. The opportunity to reproduce the sound of an antique instrument through the use of additive manufacturing (3D printing) can make this desired product significantly more affordable. 3D printing allows for duplication of unique parts in a low cost and environmentally friendly method, due to its minimal material waste. Additionally, it allows complex geometries to be created without the limitations of other manufacturing techniques. This study focuses on the primary differences, particularly sound quality and comfort, between saxophone mouthpieces that have been 3D printed and those produced by more traditional methods. Saxophone mouthpieces are commonly derived from a milled blank of either hard rubber, ebonite or brass. Although 3D printers can produce a design with the same or similar materials, they are typically created in a layered pattern. This can potentially affect the porosity and surface of a mouthpiece, ultimately affecting player comfort and sound quality. To evaluate this, acoustic tests will be performed. This will involve both traditionally manufactured mouthpieces and 3D prints of the same geometry created from x-ray scans obtained using a ZEISS Xradia Versa 510. The scans are two dimensional images which go through processes of reconstruction and segmentation, which is the process of assigning material to voxels. The result is a point cloud model, which can be used for 3D printing. High quality audio recordings of each mouthpiece will be obtained and a sound analysis will be performed. The focus of this analysis is to determine what qualities of the sound are changed by the manufacturing method and how true the sound of a 3D printed mouthpiece is to its milled counterpart. Additive manufacturing can lead to more inconsistent products of the original design due to the accuracy, repeatability and resolution of the printer, as well as the layer thickness. In order for additive manufacturing to be a common practice of mouthpiece manufacturing, the printer quality must be tested for its precision to an original model. The quality of a 3D print can also have effects on the comfort of the player. Lower quality 3D prints have an inherent roughness which can cause discomfort and difficulty for the musician. This research will determine the effects of manufacturing method on the sound quality and overall comfort of a mouthpiece. In addition, we will evaluate the validity of additive manufacturing as a method of producing mouthpieces.

scholarly journals Investigation and Attempt to 3D Print Piezoelectric 0-3 Composites Made of Photopolymer Resins and PZT

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rytis Mitkus ◽  
Andreas Pierou ◽  
Julia Feder ◽  
Michael Sinapius
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Lead Zirconate Titanate ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Tape Casting ◽  
Particle Dispersion ◽  
Particle Sedimentation ◽  
Piezoelectric Composites ◽  
3D Print ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
3D Printed

Abstract The present study demonstrates the manufacturing and characterization of 0-3 piezoelectric composites made of up to 10 vol% of Lead Zirconate Titanate (PZT) particles and photopolymer resins. The tape-casting method was used to investigate the curing behavior, PZT loading limitations and the overall feasibility of the suspensions for 3D printing. Piezoelectric composites were 3D printed with a commercial DLP type 3D printer. As a starting point, the maximum possible vol% loading of PZT ceramic for each photopolymer resin was investigated. Five different commercially available photopolymer resins from Formlabs (Somerville, MA, US) were used. It was found that the addition of PZT particles to the photopolymer increases the time required for the photopolymer to solidify because PZT particles scatter the UV light. The approximate solidification time of each composition was measured, followed by viscosity measurements. SEM imaging of the composites showed good particle dispersion with minimum agglomeration, low particle sedimentation, but the weak bond between PZT particles and the photopolymers. Best performed material composition with 10 vol% of PZT was used for 3D printing. An attempt to shorten exposure time during printing was done by adding photoinitiator TPO. Suspensions with and without TPO were 3D printed and compared.

scholarly journals Design and characterization of a 3D-printed staggered herringbone mixer

BioTechniques ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vedika J Shenoy ◽  
Chelsea ER Edwards ◽  
Matthew E Helgeson ◽  
Megan T Valentine
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Microfluidic Devices ◽  
Device Design ◽  
Replica Molding ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
And Performance ◽  
To Receive

3D printing holds potential as a faster, cheaper alternative compared with traditional photolithography for the fabrication of microfluidic devices by replica molding. However, the influence of printing resolution and quality on device design and performance has yet to receive detailed study. Here, we investigate the use of 3D-printed molds to create staggered herringbone mixers (SHMs) with feature sizes ranging from ∼100 to 500 μm. We provide guidelines for printer calibration to ensure accurate printing at these length scales and quantify the impacts of print variability on SHM performance. We show that SHMs produced by 3D printing generate well-mixed output streams across devices with variable heights and defects, demonstrating that 3D printing is suitable and advantageous for low-cost, high-throughput SHM manufacturing.

The effect of 3D printing parameters on electrochemical properties of heterogeneous cation exchange membrane

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucie Zárybnická ◽  
Eliška Stránská ◽  
Kristýna Janegová ◽  
Barbora Vydrová
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Electrochemical Properties ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Nozzle Diameter ◽  
Cation Exchange Membrane ◽  
Content Type ◽  
3D Print ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Heterogeneous Cation Exchange Membrane ◽  
Exchange Membrane

Purpose The study aims to focus on the preparation of a heterogeneous cation exchange membrane by a three-dimensional (3D) method – fused filament fabrication using a series of nozzles of various diameters (0.4–1.0 mm). Polypropylene random copolymer (PPR) as a polymeric binder was mixed with 50 Wt.% of the selected conventional cation exchange resin, and a filament was prepared using a single screw mini extruder. Then filament was processed by FFF into the membranes with a defined 3D structure. Design/methodology/approach Electrochemical properties, morphology, mechanical properties and water absorption properties were tested. Findings Dependence of the tested properties on the used nozzle diameter was found. Both areal and specific resistances increased with increasing nozzle diameter. The same trend was also found for permselectivity. The optimal membrane with permselectivity above 90%, areal resistance of 8 O.cm2 and specific resistance of 124 O.cm2 was created using a nozzle diameter of 0.4 mm. Originality/value Using new materials for 3D print of cation exchange membrane with production without waste. The possibility of producing 3D membranes with a precisely defined structure and using a cheap 3D printing method. New direction of membrane structure formation. 3D-printed heterogeneous cation exchange membranes were prepared, which can compete with commercial membranes produced by conventional technologies. 3D-printed heterogeneous cation exchange membranes were prepared, which can compete with commercial membranes produced by conventional technologies.

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