Highly transparent polyimides derived from 2-phenyl-4,6-bis(4-aminophenoxy)pyrimidine and 1,3-bis(5-amino-2-pyridinoxy)benzene: preparation, characterization, and optical properties

RSC Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (125) ◽  
pp. 103246-103254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunbo Wang ◽  
Yue Guan ◽  
Dongbo Tian ◽  
Guodong Dang ◽  
Daming Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Optical Transparency

Heterocyclic polyimides were prepared from two novel diamines with anhydrides, which exhibit outstanding solubility and optical transparency properties.

scholarly journals Theoretical Study of Effect of the Number of N,N-dimethyl-4-nitroaniline Units in Novel “Parallel Connection” Chromophores on Its Nonlinear Optical Properties

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao-Zhi Zhang ◽  
Hui Cao ◽  
Zhao-Bing Guo
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Absorption Maximum ◽  
Nonlinear Optical ◽  
Theoretical Study ◽  
Semiempirical Method ◽  
Nonlinear Optical Properties ◽  
Optical Transparency ◽  
First Hyperpolarizability ◽  
Parallel Connection

Design of “parallel connection” chromophores could give a way of acquiring effective chromophores. The semiempirical method ZINDO was employed to study relationship between static first hyperpolarizabilities of “parallel connection” chromophores and the number of parallel nonconjugated N,N-dimethyl-4-nitroaniline (DMNA) units in the chromophore. The results show that the chromophore containing three parallel non-conjugated DMNA units exhibits the highest static first hyperpolarizability, which is 1.8 times that of chromophore DMNA. However, static first hyperpolarizabilities of the chromophores containing four or five DMNA units are very small. The absorption maximum wavelength (λmax) of “parallel connection” chromophores is remarkably shorter (34.9 nm–38.1 nm) than that of 1DMNA. Therefore, the “parallel connection” chromophore containing three DMNA units would be an effective chromophore with a large first hyperpolarizability and a good optical transparency. It could give a useful suggestion for designing effective chromophores containing parallel non-conjugated D-π-A units.

Second-Order Nonlinear Optical Properties of a Polymer Exhibiting Optical Transparency Down to 340 nm

1994 ◽  
Vol 31 (12) ◽  
pp. 2011-2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kamath ◽  
C. E. Masse ◽  
R. J. Jeng ◽  
M. Cazeca ◽  
X. L. Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Nonlinear Optical ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Nonlinear Optical Properties ◽  
Optical Transparency

scholarly journals On the Relationship between Corneal Biomechanics, Macrostructure and Optical Properties

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco J. Ávila ◽  
Laura Remón ◽  
Maria Concepción Marcellán
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Biomechanical Properties ◽  
Optical Quality ◽  
Optical Transparency ◽  
Optical Aberrations ◽  
Corneal Aberrations ◽  
Scheimpflug Imaging ◽  
The Hierarchical Structure ◽  
The Relationship

Optical properties of the cornea are responsible for correct vision, ultrastructure allows optical transparency and biomechanical properties governs the shape, elasticity or stiffness of the cor-nea affecting ocular integrity and intraocular pressure. Therefore, optical aberrations, corneal transparency, structure and biomechanics play a fundamental role in the optical quality of hu-man vision, ocular health and refractive surgery outcomes. However, the convergence of those properties is not yet reported at macroscopic scale within the hierarchical structure of the cornea. This work explores the relationships between biomechanics, structure and optical properties (corneal aberrations and optical density) at macrostructural level of the cornea through dual Placido-Scheimpflug imaging and air-puff tonometry systems in a healthy young adult popula-tion. Results showed convergence between optical transparency, corneal macrostructure and biomechanics.

scholarly journals Non-Stationary Temperature Distribution and Thermoelectromotive Force for Optical Thermoelement at Anti-Parallel Directions of Temperature Gradient and Ray Current

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-19
Author(s):  
I. V. Gutsul ◽  
V. I. Gutsul
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Temperature Distribution ◽  
Temperature Gradient ◽  
Linear Dependence ◽  
Anisotropic Plate ◽  
Optical Transparency ◽  
Surface Absorption ◽  
Thermoelectromotive Force ◽  
Non Linear

The possibilities of utilization of anisotropic optical thermoelements (AOT) with different magnitudes of optical transparency for the registration and transformation of high-intensive ray currents are observed. The solution of non-stationary unhomogeneous equation of thermoconductivity is presented taking into account the Bouguer Lambert law at anti-parallel directions of ray current and temperature gradient for the anisotropic plate ZnAs2. It is shown that the non-stationary temperature distribution is determined by anisotropy of thermoconductivity and optical properties of thermoelement material and is characterized by complicated non-linear dependence both of coordinates and time. The expressions for the thermoelectromotive force are obtained for the case of optical transmitting and surface absorption. The dependences of transversal thermoelectromotive force on the time and height of thermoelement are investigated.

scholarly journals On the Relationship between Corneal Biomechanics, Macrostructure, and Optical Properties

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 280
Author(s):  
Francisco J. Ávila ◽  
Maria Concepción Marcellán ◽  
Laura Remón
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Spherical Aberration ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Biomechanical Properties ◽  
Optical Quality ◽  
Human Vision ◽  
Optical Transparency ◽  
Structural Level ◽  
Corneal Aberrations ◽  
The Hierarchical Structure

Optical properties of the cornea are responsible for correct vision; the ultrastructure allows optical transparency, and the biomechanical properties govern the shape, elasticity, or stiffness of the cornea, affecting ocular integrity and intraocular pressure. Therefore, the optical aberrations, corneal transparency, structure, and biomechanics play a fundamental role in the optical quality of human vision, ocular health, and refractive surgery outcomes. However, the inter-relationships of those properties are not yet reported at a macroscopic scale within the hierarchical structure of the cornea. This work explores the relationships between the biomechanics, structure, and optical properties (corneal aberrations and optical density) at a macro-structural level of the cornea through dual Placido–Scheimpflug imaging and air-puff tonometry systems in a healthy young adult population. Results showed correlation between optical transparency, corneal macrostructure, and biomechanics, whereas corneal aberrations and in particular spherical terms remained independent. A compensation mechanism for the spherical aberration is proposed through corneal shape and biomechanics.

Optical Properties and Surface Morphology of PMMA: TiO2 Nanocomposite Thin Films

2011 ◽  
Vol 364 ◽  
pp. 105-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ismail Lyly Nyl ◽  
Ahmad Fairoz Aziz ◽  
Zulkefle Habibah ◽  
Musa Mohamed Zaihidi ◽  
Mohd Hanapiah Abdullah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Optical Properties ◽  
Surface Morphology ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
The Other ◽  
Optical Transparency ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Glass Substrates ◽  
Nanocomposite Thin Films ◽  
Triton X

Sol-gel spin coated PMMA:TiO2 nanocomposite thin films on glass substrates were studied by comparing two types of the sol-gel solutions. Two types of PMMA:TiO2 nanocomposite sol-gel solutions were prepared; one using Degusa (P25), and the other one is using self-prepared TiO2 powder. The self-prepared nanosized TiO2 powder is obtained by drying the TiO2 sol-gel using solvothermal method followed by grinding the TiO2 crystal using ball miller. Triton-X was used as surfactant to stabilize the composite. Besides comparing the nanocomposite solution, we also studied the effect of the thin films thickness on the optical properties and their surface morphology. The optical properties and surface morphology were measured with UV-VIS spectrometer and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The result showed that nanocomposite PMMA with self-prepared TiO2 give high optical transparency than that of with Degusa (P25). The results also indicate that as the thickness is increased the optical transparency are decreased. Both AFM images showed that the agglomerations of TiO2 particles occurred on top of the thin film and the surface roughness increased when the thickness is increased. AFM results show that nanocomposited PMMA with P25 has high agglomeration particles compared to the other one.

NONLINEAR OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF NOVEL AND EFFECTIVE H-SHAPED CHROMOPHORES CONTAINING THREE PARALLEL AND NON-CONJUGATED D-π-A UNITS

2011 ◽  
Vol 20 (03) ◽  
pp. 327-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHAO-ZHI ZHANG ◽  
HUI CAO ◽  
ZHAO-BING GUO
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Nonlinear Optical ◽  
Nonlinear Optical Properties ◽  
Optical Transparency ◽  
Steric Repulsion ◽  
Empirical Methods ◽  
Semi Empirical

H-shaped chromophores containing three parallel non-conjugated D-π-A units are effective chromophores with high hyperpolarizability and good optical transparency. The semi-empirical methods ZINDO, AM1, MNDO and PM3 were employed to study the effect of strength of acceptors and donors, and steric repulsion between substituents on static first hyperpolarizabilities (β0) and enhancements of β0 of the H-shaped chromophores. The results show that the H-shaped chromophore would exhibit the largest β0 and/or the largest enhancement of β0 of the chromophore when combination of a donor (D) and an acceptor (A) in a D-π-A unit is suitable.

Plasmonics Properties of ZnO/Ag/ZnO Multilayer Thin Films

2012 ◽  
Vol 585 ◽  
pp. 214-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Venugopal ◽  
Anirban Mitra
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Thin Films ◽  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Optical Properties ◽  
Glass Substrate ◽  
Optical Transparency ◽  
Oxide Glass ◽  
Silver Layer ◽  
Multilayer Thin Films ◽  
Coating Method

The optical properties of ZnO (Zinc Oxide)/Ag (silver)/ZnO (Zinc Oxide)/glass multilayer structure have been investigated. These properties could be tuned using the plasmonic properties of the intermediate Ag layer. ZnO thin film of 80 nm thickness has been deposited using Spray Pyrolysis on Glass Substrate. Prior to the deposition of approximately same thickness of ZnO like the previous one, a thin layer of Ag with thicknesses varying from 0.5 nm to 10 nm have been deposited using Vacuum Deposition. We have correlated the properties of multilayer thin film with thickness and morphology of the intermediate silver layer. Crystallographic properties of thin films have been characterized using XRD (X-ray Diffraction). Surface Morphology of Ag layer on ZnO has been studied using AFM (Atomic Force Microscopy). UV-VIS Spectrometer has been used to measure the optical transparency of these multilayer thin films. It has been observed that optical transparency of ZnO/Ag/ZnO/Glass thin film on glass substrate slightly enhanced compared to ZnO/ZnO/Glass. We interpret these experimental results with Maxwell-Garnett theory. The simulated and experimental SPR (Surface Plasmon Resonance) positions of ZnO/Ag/ZnO thin films are well matched. We expect that MG Theory interpretation of these kind Dielectric/Metal/Dielectric multilayer thin films were applicable only for Metallic Island thin films deposited using Vacuum coating method. We also describe the influence of Ag thickness on optical properties of the ZnO/Ag/ZnO composite and suggest a mechanism of tunability influenced by surface plasmons.

Nanomaterials: Specificities of Properties and Synthesis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Pierre Jolivet
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Permanent Magnets ◽  
Spinel Ferrite ◽  
Flat Glass ◽  
Optical Transparency ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Chemical Inertness ◽  
The Many

The concept of material concerns matter in solid state that is endowed with usable properties for practical applications. It is indeed in the solid state that matter exhibits the highest mechanical strength and chemical inertness, providing solidity and sustainability because the solid is based on an extended stiff crystalline framework. It is also in the solid state that many properties exist, including optical, electrical, and magnetic properties, providing great technological progress. A typical example is electronics which owes its enormous development to doped silicon. A material may therefore be defined as a useful solid. The properties of a solid depend directly on its chemical composition, crystalline and electronic structures, texture, as well as morphology and casting. This last point, which is often neglected, is illustrated by amorphous silica glass, which is used largely for its properties such as chemical inertness, mechanical strength, optical transparency, and low thermal and electrical conductivities. These various properties are highlighted through the many possibilities of casting and shaping: flat glass (optical transparency for glazing); hollow glass (chemical inertness and mechanical strength for bottling); short fibers (glass wool for heat insulation) and long fibers (optical fibers); massive pieces (insulators for electric power lines); and thin films (insulating layers for miniaturized electronics). Metal oxides exhibit a wide range of exploitable properties useful for innumerable applications. Silica, SiO2, as flat glass, has excellent optical properties, but other oxides such as LiNbO3 and KTiOPO4 exhibit interesting nonlinear optical properties, allowing changes in the wavelength of the transmitted light. Certain oxides are good electrical insulators (SiO2), but others are true elec­tronic conductors (VO2, NaxWO3), ionic conductors (β-alumina NaAl11O17, NaSiCON Na3Zr2PSi2O12, yttria-stabilized cubic zirconia Zr1–xYxO2–x/ 2), and also superconductors (cuprates such as YBa2Cu3O7–x and Bi4Sr3Ca3Cu4O16+x). Compounds such as BaTiO3, PbZr1–xTixO3, and PbMg1/3Nb2/3O3 are ferroelectric solids used largely as miniaturized electronic components, whereas spinel ferrite γ-Fe2O3, barium hexaferrite BaFe12O19, and garnet Y3Fe5O12 are more or less coercive ferrimagnetic solids used in magnetic recording or as permanent magnets.

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