Biocompatible nano hydroxyapatite – curcumin bi-coated antibacterial activated carbon for water purification

RSC Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (79) ◽  
pp. 64696-64703 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. S. Malsha Udayakantha ◽  
Rohini M. de Silva ◽  
K. M. Nalin de Silva ◽  
Chamari Hettiarachchi
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Water Purification ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Granular Activated Carbon ◽  
Sorption Properties ◽  
Biocompatible Material ◽  
Ancient Times

Granular Activated Carbon (GAC) has been used for water purification since ancient times due to its well-known sorption properties. Nano HAP-curcumin bi-coated GAC is a novel and biocompatible material with inbuilt antibacterial properties.

scholarly journals Effects of Backwashing on Granular Activated Carbon with Ammonium Removal Potential in a Full-Scale Drinking Water Purification Plant

Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1830 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia Niu ◽  
Ikuro Kasuga ◽  
Futoshi Kurisu ◽  
Hiroaki Furumai
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Water Purification ◽  
Granular Activated Carbon ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Ammonia Oxidizing Bacteria ◽  
Ammonium Removal ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Drinking Water Purification ◽  
Purification Plant

Granular activated carbon (GAC) has been widely introduced to advanced drinking water purification plants to remove organic matter and ammonium. Backwashing, which is the routine practice for GAC maintenance, is an important operational factor influencing the performance of GAC and its microbial biomass. In this study, the effects of backwashing on the ammonium removal potential of GAC were evaluated. In addition, abundances of ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) and ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) on GAC were analyzed. GAC samples before and after backwashing were collected from a full-scale drinking water purification plant. Samplings were conducted before and after implementation of prechlorination of raw water. The results showed that the ammonium removal potential of the GAC increased by 12% after backwashing before prechlorination (p < 0.01). After implementing the prechlorination, the ammonium removal potential of the GAC decreased by 12% even after backwashing (p < 0.01). The AOA was predominant on the GAC in the two samplings. Regardless of prechlorination, the amounts of the AOA and the AOB remained at the same level before and after backwashing. Analysis of the backwashing water indicated that the amounts of the AOA and AOB washed out from the GAC were negligible (0.08%–0.26%) compared with their original amounts on the GAC. These results revealed the marginal role of backwashing on the biomass of ammonia oxidizers on GAC. However, the results also revealed that backwashing could have a negative impact on the ammonium removal potential of GAC during prechlorination.

scholarly journals CARVÃO ATIVADO GRANULAR IMPREGNADO COM ZINCO PARA REMOÇÃO DE BACTÉRIAS DA ÁGUA PARA CONSUMO HUMANO

e-xacta ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Flávia Sayuri Arakawa ◽  
Quelen Letícia Shimabuku ◽  
Priscila Ferri Coldebella ◽  
Franciele Pereira Camacho ◽  
Fernando Alves Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Water Purification ◽  
Granular Activated Carbon ◽  
Filter Media ◽  
Para Determinar ◽  
Drinking Water Purification ◽  
Filter Bed

<p align="justify">O carvão ativado granular impregnado com zinco (C/Zn) foi avaliado em relação à atividade antibacteriana para eliminação de micro-organismos na purificação de água para consumo humano. Os meios filtrantes produzidos a partir de C/Zn foram caracterizados através de técnicas instrumentais como análises de BET e difração de raios-X (DRX) para determinar a distribuição de poros e área superficial e as fases estruturais, respectivamente. Experimentos foram realizados em um sistema doméstico de purificação de água utilizando filtros com leito de carvão ativado granular sem impregnação e com impregnação de zinco nas concentrações de 1,0, 3,0, 5,0 e 10,0% (m/m). A atividade antibacteriana dos meios filtrantes foi avaliada em relação à eficiência de remoção de bactérias Escherichia coli da água. Foram preparadas soluções sintéticas com água deionizada contaminada artificialmente com uma concentração aproximada entre 1,0x105 a 9,0x106 UFC/100mL de Escherichia coli. Assim a eficiência bacteriológica dos meios filtrantes com C/Zn foi superior com o aumento da concentração de zinco impregnado no carvão ativado. O filtro com leito de carvão ativado impregnado com 10% de zinco apresentou a maior eficiência com remoção de Escherichia coli superior a 99% e melhorando a qualidade bacteriológica da água para consumo humano.</p><p align="justify">Abstract</p><p align="justify">Granular activated carbon impregnated with zinc (C/Zn) was evaluated for the antibacterial activity for elimination of micro-organisms in drinking water purification. The filter media produced from C/Zn were characterized by instrumental techniques such as the BET analyzes and x-ray diffraction (XRD) to determine the pore distribution and surface area and structural phases, respectively. Experiments were performed in a household water purification system using filters with granular activated carbon bed without impregnation and impregnation with zinc in concentrations of 1.0, 3.0, 5.0 and 10.0% (w/w). The antibacterial activity of the filter media was evaluated regarding to the removal efficiency of bacteria Escherichia coli of water. Synthetic solutions were prepared with deionized water contaminated artificially with an approximate concentration of 1.0 x105 to 9.0 x106 CFU/100mL of Escherichia coli. The efficiency bacteriological efficiency bacteriological of filter media with C/Zn was higher with increasing concentration of zinc impregnated on activated carbon.The filter bed of activated carbon impregnated with 10% of zinc showed the highest efficiency with removal of bacterial Escherichia coli higher than 98% and improving the bacteriological quality of drinking water.</p>

A hybrid microfiltration–granular activated carbon system for water purification and wastewater reclamation/reuse

Desalination ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 243 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 132-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kwan-Yeop Kim ◽  
Hyung-Soo Kim ◽  
Jihoon Kim ◽  
Jong-Woo Nam ◽  
Jin-Mo Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Water Purification ◽  
Granular Activated Carbon ◽  
Wastewater Reclamation ◽  
Carbon System

Perfluorinated chemicals (PFCs) in water purification plants (WPPs) with advanced treatment processes

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. R. Shivakoti ◽  
S. Fujii ◽  
M. Nozoe ◽  
S. Tanaka ◽  
C. Kunacheva
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Water Purification ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Total Concentration ◽  
Granular Activated Carbon ◽  
Advanced Treatment ◽  
Source Water ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Perfluorinated Chemicals

A series of perfluorinated chemicals (PFCs) surveys were conducted in two water purification plants (WPPs) having ozonation and granular activated carbon (GAC) filtration processes. In each plant, six different processes samples (source water, influent, coagulation-sedimentation effluent, ozonation effluent, GAC filtration effluent, and final tap water) were collected for two times and eight PFCs were measured. The results showed that seven kinds of PFCs (PFHxS, PFOS, PFHpA, PFOA, PFNA, PFDA, and PFUnDA) were detected in both plants with concentration range of 0.5–53.5 ng L−1, while the range of total concentration of all seven PFCs was 31–90 ng L−1. All detected PFCs were not removed effectively in both dates but removal was observed to some extent for certain PFCs (PFNA, PFDA, PFOS, and PFUnDA) by GAC filtration tank.

Silver‐embedded granular activated carbon as an antibacterial medium for water purification

2008 ◽  
Vol 83 (8) ◽  
pp. 1177-1180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajdip Bandyopadhyaya ◽  
M. Venkata Sivaiah ◽  
P. A. Shankar
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Water Purification ◽  
Granular Activated Carbon

An Estimation of Safety of Ozonation and Chlorination of a Water Purification Plant

1992 ◽  
Vol 26 (9-11) ◽  
pp. 2385-2388 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Sato ◽  
H. Yamamori ◽  
H. Matsuda ◽  
H. Nagase ◽  
H. Kito
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Humic Substances ◽  
Water Purification ◽  
Mutagenic Activity ◽  
Granular Activated Carbon ◽  
Sos Chromotest ◽  
Purification Plant ◽  
Mutagenic Compound

We investigated the effect of ozonation and chlorination on the mutagenic activity of humic substances. SOS Chromotest was used for mutagenic test. The mutagenic activity decreased, but couldnotberemoved perfectly. Glyoxal, which is known as the strong mutagenic compound produced by ozonation, was not decomposed at equal amounts of chlorine to the chlorine consumption, but decomposed to 10 % at 5 times. Also, granular activated carbon (GAC) filtration was performed, but it was not effective.

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