A facile approach for achieving an effective dual sorption ability of Si/SH/S grafted sodium montmorillonite

RSC Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (71) ◽  
pp. 57792-57803 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsuan-Hsuan Chen ◽  
Munusamy Thirumavalavan ◽  
Fang-Yu Lin ◽  
Jiunn-Fwu Lee
Keyword(s):  
Functional Groups ◽  
Inorganic Pollutants ◽  
Sodium Montmorillonite ◽  
Sorption Ability ◽  
Dual Sorption

In this study, sodium montmorillonite was functionalized with SH, S and Si functional groups using four different soil modifiers for an effective uptake of both organic and inorganic pollutants.

scholarly journals Characterization of ultraviolet-modified biochar from different feedstocks for enhanced removal of hexavalent chromium from water

2019 ◽  
Vol 79 (9) ◽  
pp. 1705-1716 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhongya Peng ◽  
Xiaomei Liu ◽  
Hongkun Chen ◽  
Qinglong Liu ◽  
Jingchun Tang
Keyword(s):  
Functional Groups ◽  
Hexavalent Chromium ◽  
Uv Irradiation ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Environmental Remediation ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Surface Areas ◽  
Modified Biochar ◽  
Sorption Ability ◽  
Novel Material

Abstract Biochars produced from different feedstocks via pyrolytic carbonization and ultraviolet (UV) modification were used as alternative adsorbents for aqueous hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) remediation. Structural and morphological analysis showed that UV irradiation increased the surface area of biochar and added a large amount of oxygen-containing functional groups on the biochar's surface, resulting in about 2–5 times increase of Cr(VI) removing capacity (14.39–20.04 mg/g) compared to that of unmodified biochars (3.60–8.43 mg/g). The sorption ability among different feedstocks after modification was as follows: corn stack > sawdust > wheat straw. The adsorption kinetics and adsorption isotherm data agreed well with the pseudo-second-order model and Freundlich model, respectively. Experimental and modeling results suggested that the oxygen-containing functional groups and surface areas of biochars were notably increased after UV irradiation, which was mainly governed by surface complexation. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis showed that reduction occurred during Cr(VI) adsorption. In addition, UV irradiation significantly increased the concentration of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in biochars. The collected outcomes showed that UV-modified biochar was a good material for the removal of hexavalent chromium from aqueous medium. The excellent adsorption capacity, environmental-friendly and low cost properties made the novel material an auspicious candidate for environmental remediation.

scholarly journals Characterization of Acid-Aged Biochar and Its Ammonium Adsorption in an Aqueous Solution

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 2270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiwen Wang ◽  
Jie Li ◽  
Guilong Zhang ◽  
Yancai Zhi ◽  
Dianlin Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Physical Property ◽  
Sorption Process ◽  
Peanut Shell ◽  
Characteristic Analysis ◽  
Sorption Ability ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Aging Conditions

According to its characteristics, biochar originating originating from biomass is accepted as a multifunctional carbon material that supports a wide range of applications. With the successfully used in reducing nitrate and adsorbing ammonium, the mechanism of biochar for nitrogen fixation in long-term brought increasing attention. However, there is a lack of analysis of the NH4+-N adsorption capacity of biochar after aging treatments. In this study, four kinds of acid and oxidation treatments were used to simulate biochar aging conditions to determine the adsorption of NH4+-N by biochar under acidic aging conditions. According to the results, acid-aged biochar demonstrated an enhanced maximum NH4+-N adsorption capacity of peanut shell biochar (PBC) from 24.58 to 123.28 mg·g−1 after a H2O2 modification. After the characteristic analysis, the acid aging treatments, unlike normal chemical modification methods, did not significantly change the chemical properties of the biochar, and the functional groups and chemical bonds on the biochar surface were quite similar before and after the acid aging process. The increased NH4+-N sorption ability was mainly related to physical property changes, such as increasing surface area and porosity. During the NH4+ sorption process, the N-containing functional groups on the biochar surface changed from pyrrolic nitrogen to pyridinic nitrogen, which showed that the adsorption on the surface of the aged biochar was mainly chemical adsorption due to the combination of π-π bonds in the sp2 hybrid orbital and a hydrogen bonding effect. Therefore, this research establishes a theoretical basis for the agricultural use of aged biochar.

scholarly journals Biochars and Engineered Biochars for Water and Soil Remediation: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (17) ◽  
pp. 9932
Author(s):  
Tariqul Islam ◽  
Yanliang Li ◽  
Hefa Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Functional Groups ◽  
Soil Remediation ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Electrostatic Attraction ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Inorganic Pollutants ◽  
Surface Functional Groups ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Biochars (BCs) are considered as ecofriendly and multifunctional materials with significant potential for remediation of contaminated water and soils, while engineered biochars (E-BCs) with enlarged surface areas and abundant surface functional groups can perform even better in environmental remediation. This review systematically summarizes the key physical and chemical properties of BCs that affect their pollutant sorption capacities, major methods employed for modification of E-BCs, the performance of BCs/E-BCs in removing major types of organic (e.g., antibiotics and pesticides) and inorganic pollutants (e.g., heavy metals), and the corresponding removal mechanisms. The physical and chemical properties of BCs—such as ash or mineral contents, aromaticity, surface structures, pH, and surface functional groups (e.g., C=O, -COOH, -OH, and -NH2)—depend primarily on their feedstock sources (i.e., plant, sludge, or fecal) and the pyrolysis temperature. Ion exchange, precipitation, electrostatic attraction, and complexation are the main mechanisms involved in the adsorption of inorganic pollutants on BCs/E-BCs, whereas hydrogen bonding, pore filling, electrostatic attraction, hydrophobic interaction, and van der Waals forces are the major driving forces for the uptake of organic pollutants. Despite their significant promises, more pilot and field scale investigations are necessary to demonstrate the practical applicability and viability of BCs/E-BCs in water and soil remediation.

Enhanced adsorption of inorganic and organic pollutants by amine modified sodium montmorillonite nanosheets

RSC Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (26) ◽  
pp. 20583-20594 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thirumavalavan Munusamy ◽  
Jhuang Ya-Ting ◽  
Lee Jiunn-Fwu
Keyword(s):  
Organic Pollutants ◽  
Inorganic Pollutants ◽  
Sodium Montmorillonite ◽  
Enhanced Adsorption ◽  
Inorganic And Organic

Amine modified sodium montmorillonite nanosheets with increased basal space as versatile adsorbents for both organic and inorganic pollutants.

Improving integration between functional groups: A case in organization change and implications for theory and practice

1971 ◽  
Author(s):  
Warren G. Bennis ◽  
Michael Beer ◽  
Gerald R. Pieters ◽  
Alan T. Hundert ◽  
Samuel H. Marcus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Groups ◽  
Organization Change ◽  
Theory And Practice

HYDROXYAPATITE, ALGINATE, AND CHITOSAN FOR BONE SCAFFOLDS: SPECTROSCOPY STUDY

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-100
Author(s):  
Lalita El Milla
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Bone Growth ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Tissue Engineering Scaffolds ◽  
Hydroxyapatite Powder ◽  
Materials Used

Scaffolds is three dimensional structure that serves as a framework for bone growth. Natural materials are often used in synthesis of bone tissue engineering scaffolds with respect to compliance with the content of the human body. Among the materials used to make scafffold was hydroxyapatite, alginate and chitosan. Hydroxyapatite powder obtained by mixing phosphoric acid and calcium hydroxide, alginate powders extracted from brown algae and chitosan powder acetylated from crab. The purpose of this study was to examine the functional groups of hydroxyapatite, alginate and chitosan. The method used in this study was laboratory experimental using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy for hydroxyapatite, alginate and chitosan powders. The results indicated the presence of functional groups PO43-, O-H and CO32- in hydroxyapatite. In alginate there were O-H, C=O, COOH and C-O-C functional groups, whereas in chitosan there were O-H, N-H, C=O, C-N, and C-O-C. It was concluded that the third material containing functional groups as found in humans that correspond to the scaffolds material in bone tissue engineering.

High Resolution Displacement of Functional Groups onto Fluorocarbon Resin Surface by Using ArF Excimer Laser

1996 ◽  
Vol 451 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Shimizu ◽  
M. Murahara
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Laser Beam ◽  
Thin Layer ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Excimer Laser ◽  
Laser Fluence ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Three Solutions ◽  
Arf Excimer Laser

ABSTRACTA Fluorocarbon resin surface was selectively modified by irradiation with a ArF laser beam through a thin layer of NaAlO2, B(OH)3, or H2O solution to give a hydrophilic property. As a result, with low fluence, the surface was most effectively modified with the NaAlO2 solution among the three solutions. However, the contact angle in this case changed by 10 degrees as the fluence changed only 1mJ/cm2. When modifying a large area of the surface, high resolution displacement could not be achieved because the laser beam was not uniform in displacing functional groups. Thus, the laser fluence was successfully made uniform by homogenizing the laser beam; the functional groups were replaced on the fluorocarbon resin surface with high resolution, which was successfully modified to be hydrophilic by distributing the laser fluence uniformly.

Visible Light-Promoted Catalytic Ring-Opening Isomerization of 1,2-Disubstituted Cyclopropanols to Linear Ketones

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marharyta V. Laktsevich-Iskryk ◽  
Nastassia A. Varabyeva ◽  
Volha V. Kazlova ◽  
Vladimir N. Zhabinskii ◽  
Vladimir A. Khripach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visible Light ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Ring Opening ◽  
Radical Intermediates ◽  
Reaction Proceeds

In this article, we report a photocatalytic protocol for the isomerization of 1,2-disubstituted cyclopropanols to linear ketones. The reaction proceeds <i>via</i> radical intermediates and tolerates various functional groups.

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