Adsorption of quinoline from liquid hydrocarbons on graphite oxide and activated carbons

RSC Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (91) ◽  
pp. 74684-74691 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Feng ◽  
Xiaoliang Ma ◽  
Na Li ◽  
Chao Shang ◽  
Xiaoming Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Groups ◽  
Graphite Oxide ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Liquid Hydrocarbons ◽  
Oxygen Functional Groups

Graphite oxide might be a promising adsorbent for adsorption denitrogenation due to its significant amount of oxygen functional groups.

Refinements to the structure of graphite oxide: absolute quantification of functional groups via selective labelling

Nanoscale ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (47) ◽  
pp. 20256-20266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Yong Sheng Eng ◽  
Chun Kiang Chua ◽  
Martin Pumera
Keyword(s):  
Functional Groups ◽  
Electrochemical Detection ◽  
Graphite Oxide ◽  
Absolute Quantification ◽  
Selective Labelling ◽  
Oxygen Functional Groups ◽  
Detection Approach

The various oxygen functional groups in graphite oxide are investigated by synthetic labelling and an electrochemical detection approach.

scholarly journals Role of Activated Carbon Precursor for Mercury Oxidation and Removal: Oxidized Surface and Carbene Site Interaction

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 1190
Author(s):  
Regina Rodriguez ◽  
Domenic Contrino ◽  
David Mazyck
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Nitric Acid ◽  
Gas Phase ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Bituminous Coal ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Elemental Mercury ◽  
Coconut Shell ◽  
Mercury Removal ◽  
Oxygen Functional Groups

Activated carbon (AC) is widely accepted for the removal of inorganic contaminants like mercury; however, the raw material used in the production of activated carbon is not always taken into consideration when evaluating its efficacy. Mercury oxidation and adsorption mechanisms governed by carbene sites are more likely to occur when graphitic-like activated carbons (such as those produced from high-ranking coals) are employed versus lignocellulosic-based ACs; this is likely due to the differences in carbon structures where lignocellulosic materials are less aromatic. In this research, the team studied bituminous coal-based ACs in comparison to coconut shell and wood-based (both less aromatic) ACs for elemental mercury removal. Nitric acid of 0.5 M, 1 M, and 5 M concentrations along with 10 M hydrogen peroxide were used to oxidize the surface of the ACs. Boehm titrations and FTIR analysis were used to quantify the addition of functional groups on the activated carbons. A trend was observed herein, resulting in increasing nitric acid molarity and an increased quantity of oxygen-containing functional groups. Gas-phase mercury removal mechanisms including physisorption, oxygen functional groups, and carbene sites were evaluated. The results showed significantly better elemental mercury removal in the gas phase with a bituminous coal-based AC embodying similar physical and chemical characteristics to that of its coconut shell-based counterpart. The ACs treated with various oxidizing agents to populate oxygen functional groups on the surface showed increased mercury removal. It is hypothesized that nitric acid treatment creates oxygen functional groups and carbene sites, with carbene sites being more responsible for mercury removal. Heat treatments post-oxidation with nitric acid showed remarkable results in mercury removal. This process created free carbene sites on the surface and shows that carbene sites are more reactive to mercury adsorption than oxygen. Overall, physisorption and oxygen functional groups were also dismissed as mercury removal mechanisms, leaving carbene-free sites as the most compelling mechanism.

Adsorption of volatile sulphur compounds onto modified activated carbons: Effect of oxygen functional groups

2013 ◽  
Vol 258-259 ◽  
pp. 77-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esther Vega ◽  
Jesús Lemus ◽  
Alba Anfruns ◽  
Rafael Gonzalez-Olmos ◽  
José Palomar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Groups ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Sulphur Compounds ◽  
Oxygen Functional Groups ◽  
Volatile Sulphur Compounds ◽  
Effect Of Oxygen ◽  
Modified Activated Carbons

scholarly journals Catalytic Effect of NaCl on the Improvement of the Physicochemical Structure of Coal-Based Activated Carbons for SO2 Adsorption

Processes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongdong Liu ◽  
Rui Su ◽  
Zhengkai Hao ◽  
Xiaoman Zhao ◽  
Boyin Jia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Groups ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Catalytic Effect ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Adsorptive Capacity ◽  
Oxygen Functional Groups ◽  
So2 Adsorption ◽  
Physicochemical Structure

The utilization of coal-based activated carbons focuses on improving the physicochemical structure for achieving high-capacity. Herein, the catalytic effect of NaCl (1 and 3 wt%) in the presence of oxygen functional groups on the improvement of the physicochemical structure of coal-based activated carbons is studied in this work. A large quantity of Na can be retained in 1NaJXO and 3NaJXO with the presence of oxygen functional groups to promote further its catalytic characteristics during pyrolysis, resulting in the disordered transformation of the carbon structure. In addition, the development of micropores is mainly affected by the distribution and movement of Na catalyst, whereas the growth of mesopores is mainly influenced by the evolution of oxygen functional groups. Then, the active sites of 3NaJXO-800 can no longer be consumed preferentially in the presence of Na catalyst during subsequent CO2 activation to facilitate the sustained disordered conversion of the microstructure and the rapid development of the micropores, resulting in the obvious high SBET value as activation proceeds. And the high SBET/burn-off ratio value (41.48 m2∙g−1/%) of 3NaJXO-800 with a high value of SBET (1995.35 m2∙g−1) at a low burn-off value (48.1%) can be obtained, presenting the high efficiency of pore formation. Finally, the SO2 adsorption efficiency of 3NaJXO-800-48.1 maintains at 100% within 90 min. After 180 min, 3NaJXO-800-48.1 still presents a high adsorptive capacity (140.2 mg/g). It is observed that a large micropore volume in the case of hierarchical pore structure necessarily assures optimal adsorption of SO2.

scholarly journals The Analysis of Pore Development and Formation of Surface Functional Groups in Bamboo-Based Activated Carbon during CO2 Activation

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (18) ◽  
pp. 5641
Author(s):  
Krittamet Phothong ◽  
Chaiyot Tangsathitkulchai ◽  
Panuwat Lawtae
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Carbonization Temperature ◽  
Activation Process ◽  
Activation Time ◽  
Oxygen Functional Groups ◽  
Porous Properties ◽  
Activation Conditions

Pore development and the formation of oxygen functional groups were studied for activated carbon prepared from bamboo (Bambusa bambos) using a two-step activation with CO2, as functions of carbonization temperature and activation conditions (time and temperature). Results show that activated carbon produced from bamboo contains mostly micropores in the pore size range of 0.65 to 1.4 nm. All porous properties of activated carbons increased with the increase in the activation temperature over the range from 850 to 950 °C, but decreased in the temperature range of 950 to 1000 °C, due principally to the merging of neighboring pores. The increase in the activation time also increased the porous properties linearly from 60 to 90 min, which then dropped from 90 to 120 min. It was found that the carbonization temperature played an important role in determining the number and distribution of active sites for CO2 gasification during the activation process. Empirical equations were proposed to conveniently predict all important porous properties of the prepared activated carbons in terms of carbonization temperature and activation conditions. Oxygen functional groups formed during the carbonization and activation steps of activated carbon synthesis and their contents were dependent on the preparation conditions employed. Using Boehm’s titration technique, only phenolic and carboxylic groups were detected for the acid functional groups in both the chars and activated carbons in varying amounts. Empirical correlations were also developed to estimate the total contents of the acid and basic groups in activated carbons in terms of the carbonization temperature, activation time and temperature.

scholarly journals Electrochemical Evaluation of Surface Modified Free-Standing CNT Electrode for Li–O2 Battery Cathode

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
pp. 4196
Author(s):  
Ji Hyeon Lee ◽  
Hyun Wook Jung ◽  
In Soo Kim ◽  
Min Park ◽  
Hyung-Seok Kim
Keyword(s):  
Functional Groups ◽  
Atomic Layer ◽  
Free Standing ◽  
Coating Technology ◽  
Oxygen Functional Groups ◽  
Layer Deposition ◽  
Discharge Product ◽  
Effect Of Oxygen ◽  
Surface Modified ◽  
Electrochemical Evaluation

In this study, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were used as cathodes for lithium–oxygen (Li–O2) batteries to confirm the effect of oxygen functional groups present on the CNT surface on Li–O2 battery performance. A coating technology using atomic layer deposition was introduced to remove the oxygen functional groups present on the CNT surface, and ZnO without catalytic properties was adopted as a coating material to exclude the effect of catalytic reaction. An acid treatment process (H2SO4:HNO3 = 3:1) was conducted to increase the oxygen functional groups of the existing CNTs. Therefore, it was confirmed that ZnO@CNT with reduced oxygen functional groups lowered the charging overpotential by approximately 230 mV and increased the yield of Li2O2, a discharge product, by approximately 13%. Hence, we can conclude that the ZnO@CNT is suitable as a cathode material for Li–O2 batteries.

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