Well-controlled and stable emulsion ATRP of MMA with low surfactant concentration using surfactant–ligand design as the copper capture agent

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (15) ◽  
pp. 2837-2843 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yipeng Wei ◽  
Pingwei Liu ◽  
Wen-Jun Wang ◽  
Bo-Geng Li ◽  
Shiping Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Surfactant Concentration ◽  
Ligand Design ◽  
Stable Emulsion ◽  
Low Concentration ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Stability Of Emulsion

In this work, we improved the stability of emulsion ATRP at a low concentration of the emulsifier with our designed Cu capture agent.

Emulsification of Water and Pyrolysis Oil by Sorbitol Derivative Surfactants

2014 ◽  
Vol 633-634 ◽  
pp. 537-540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prakorn Kittipoomwong ◽  
Monpilai Narasingha
Keyword(s):  
Surfactant Concentration ◽  
Pyrolysis Oil ◽  
Stable Emulsion ◽  
Sorbitan Monooleate ◽  
Oil Emulsion ◽  
Hydrophilic Lipophilic Balance ◽  
Average Water ◽  
Span 80 ◽  
Oil Emulsions ◽  
The Stability

Effects of sorbitol derivative surfactants on the stability of pyrolysis oil emulsion prepared from plastic waste were experimentally investigated. The water-pyrolysis oil mixture emulsified by Sorbitan monooleate (Span 80) surfactant is more stable than the water-in-oil emulsions prepared by other Sorbitol derivative surfactants which have lower hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) numbers. The Span 80 concentration of 1.5% by volume was found to produce the most stable emulsion and the smallest average water droplet. This optimal surfactant concentration is the same as critical micelle concentration.

Research on the W/O Emulsion Stability Influenced by the Content of Salt and Surfactants

2015 ◽  
Vol 713-715 ◽  
pp. 2975-2980
Author(s):  
Xiao Long Wang ◽  
Yong Hong Liu ◽  
Yan Zhen Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Salt Concentration ◽  
Surfactant Concentration ◽  
Oil Industry ◽  
Coalescence Process ◽  
Oil Emulsion ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Stability Of Water ◽  
Water In Oil Emulsion ◽  
Stability Of Emulsion

The water-in-oil emulsion has been of great importance in the oil industry. The stability of water-in-oil (W/O) emulsion has been investigated over a wide range of parameters. These parameters are salt concentration (0-8%), nonionic surfactant concentration (0-10%), and co-surfactant concentration (0-4%). The stability of water-in-oil emulsion was studied by recording the height of emulsion at 0, 6, 12, 24h. This investigation describes the coalescence process and shows that the presence of the surfactant is necessary for stable emulsion, and stability gradually decreases with salt concentration to some degree. Moreover, the co-surfactant combined with surfactant can increase the stability of emulsion effectively.

Pemanfaatan Metil Ester Sulfonat pada Pembuatan Deterjen Cair

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (14) ◽  
pp. 143-155
Author(s):  
Eldha Sampepana ◽  
Suroto Hadi Saputra
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Linear Alkylbenzene Sulfonate ◽  
Emulsion Stability ◽  
Alcohol Sulfate ◽  
Stable Emulsion ◽  
Linear Alkylbenzene ◽  
Alkylbenzene Sulfonate ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Right

In the manufacture of detergents still using surfactants (which serves as an emulsifier) of crude oil in the form of the AS. (alcohol sulfate) and LAS (linear alkylbenzene sulfonate), where this type of surfactant cannot be degraded by microorganisms when discharged into the environment, causing environmental pollution. Methyl ester sulfonate surfactant is an anionic surfactant which has a composition of C16 - C18 fatty acids are capable of acting against nature deterjensinya, while the C12 - C14 fatty acids contribute to the foaming effect. The purpose of this study was to look for the formulation of methyl ester sulfonate (MES) the right to produce a good detergent by using materials such as methyl ester sulfonate surfactant self-made, methyl ester sulfonate and sodium lauryl market Ester Sulfate (SLS) with a concentration of 15 %, 20 % and 25 %. Detergent results of the study have high detergency ( net ) compared with the detergency of detergent commercial, have a stable emulsion stability, the stability of the foam/foam detergent power made from methyl ester sulfonate surfactant produces less foam, compared with a detergent made from SLS and surfactant SNI 06-4075-1996 standards.

scholarly journals Synthesis of Biobased Phloretin Analogues: An Access to Antioxidant and Anti-Tyrosinase Compounds for Cosmetic Applications

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 512
Author(s):  
Laurène Minsat ◽  
Cédric Peyrot ◽  
Fanny Brunissen ◽  
Jean-Hugues Renault ◽  
Florent Allais
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Consumer Demand ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Green Process ◽  
Direct Extraction ◽  
Low Concentration ◽  
Cosmetic Formulations ◽  
Valuable Compounds ◽  
The Stability

The current cosmetic and nutraceutical markets are characterized by a strong consumer demand for a return to natural products that are less harmful to both the consumers and the environment than current petrosourced products. Phloretin, a natural dihydrochalcone (DHC) found in apple, has been widely studied for many years and identified as a strong antioxidant and anti-tyrosinase ingredient for cosmetic formulations. Its low concentration in apples does not allow it to be obtained by direct extraction from biomass in large quantities to meet market volumes and prices. Moreover, its remarkable structure prevents its synthesis through a green process. To overcome these issues, the synthesis of phloretin analogs appears as an alternative to access valuable compounds that are potentially more active than phloretin itself. Under such considerations, 12 chalcones (CHs) and 12 dihydrochalcones (DHCs) were synthesized through a green Claisen–Schmidt condensation using bio-based reagents. In order to evaluate the potential of these molecules, radical scavenging DPPH and anti-tyrosinase tests have been conducted. Moreover, the UV filtering properties and the stability of these analogs towards UV-radiations have been evaluated. Some molecules showed competitive antioxidant and anti-tyrosinase activities regarding phloretin. Two compounds in particular showed EC50 lower than phloretin, one chalcone and one dihydrochalcone.

Anisotropic etching in low-concentration KOH: effects of surfactant concentration

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 224-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prem Pal ◽  
Yan Xing ◽  
Subhomoy Haldar ◽  
Kazuo Sato ◽  
Akarapu Ashok
Keyword(s):  
Surfactant Concentration ◽  
Anisotropic Etching ◽  
Low Concentration

Effect of the Surfactant Concentration on Sinking Electric Discharge Machining Performance with Water-in-Oil Emulsion as Dielectric

2011 ◽  
Vol 189-193 ◽  
pp. 3153-3157
Author(s):  
Yan Zhen Zhang ◽  
Yong Hong Liu ◽  
Ren Jie Ji ◽  
Bao Ping Cai
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Electric Discharge ◽  
Surfactant Concentration ◽  
Emulsion Stability ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Machining Performance ◽  
Electric Discharge Machining ◽  
Oil Emulsion ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Water In Oil Emulsion

In this paper, the EDM performance of water-in-oil (W/O) emulsions dielectric with different surfactant concentration is investigated by correlated to its physical properties, such as viscosity and droplets size, which is predominantly determined by the surfactant concentration. Experimental results show that the stability of the W/O emulsions increases with increasing surfactant concentration, whereas the EDM performance deteriorates with increasing surfactant concentration. So, taking a comprehensively consideration of the emulsion stability and EDM performance, the concentration of surfactant must be appropriately selected.

Stability of emulsion stabilized by low-concentration soybean protein isolate: Effects of insoluble soybean fiber

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 ◽  
pp. 105232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lihua Huang ◽  
Yongjian Cai ◽  
Tongxun Liu ◽  
Xiujie Zhao ◽  
Bifen Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Protein ◽  
Protein Isolate ◽  
Soybean Protein Isolate ◽  
Low Concentration ◽  
Stability Of Emulsion

Surfactant Effects on Fluid-Elastic Instabilities of Liquid-Lined Flexible Tubes: A Model of Airway Closure

1993 ◽  
Vol 115 (3) ◽  
pp. 271-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Halpern ◽  
J. B. Grotberg
Keyword(s):  
Film Thickness ◽  
Surfactant Concentration ◽  
Evolution Equations ◽  
Liquid Films ◽  
Nonlinear Evolution Equations ◽  
Small Airways ◽  
Airway Closure ◽  
Elastic Tubes ◽  
Critical Film Thickness ◽  
The Stability

A theoretical analysis is presented predicting the closure of small airways in the region of the terminal and respiratory bronchioles. The airways are modelled as thin elastic tubes, coated on the inside with a thin viscous liquid lining. This model produces closure by a coupled capillary-elastic instability leading to liquid bridge formation, wall collapse or a combination of both. Nonlinear evolution equations for the film thickness, wall position and surfactant concentration are derived using an extended version of lubrication theory for thin liquid films. The positions of the air-liquid and wall-liquid interfaces and the surfactant concentration are perturbed about uniform states and the stability of these perturbations is examined by solving the governing equations numerically. Solutions show that there is a critical film thickness, dependent on fluid, wall and surfactant properties above which liquid bridges form. The critical film thickness, εc, decreases with increasing mean surface-tension or wall compliance. Surfactant increases εc by as much as 60 percent for physiological conditions, consistent with physiological observations. Airway closure occurs more rapidly with increasing film thickness and wall flexibility. The closure time for a surfactant rich interface can be approximately five times greater than an interface free of surfactant.

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