Microfluidic assessment of mechanical cell damage by extensional stress

Lab on a Chip ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Young Bok Bae ◽  
Hye Kyeong Jang ◽  
Tae Hwan Shin ◽  
Geetika Phukan ◽  
Thanh Tinh Tran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Damage ◽  
Bubble Bursting ◽  
Extensional Stress ◽  
Bursting Process

A novel microfluidic method to accurately assess the cell damage under controlled extensional stress, simulating the bubble bursting process in bioreactors.

Hydrodynamic extensional stress during the bubble bursting process for bioreactor system design

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 315-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thanh Tinh Tran ◽  
Eun Gyo Lee ◽  
In Su Lee ◽  
Nam Sub Woo ◽  
Sang Mok Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
System Design ◽  
Bubble Bursting ◽  
Extensional Stress ◽  
Bioreactor System ◽  
Bursting Process

scholarly journals Erratum to: Hydrodynamic extensional stress during the bubble bursting process for bioreactor system design

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-75
Author(s):  
Thanh Tinh Tran ◽  
Eun Gyo Lee ◽  
In Su Lee ◽  
Nam Sub Woo ◽  
Sang Mok Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
System Design ◽  
Bubble Bursting ◽  
Extensional Stress ◽  
Bioreactor System ◽  
Bursting Process

THE EFFECTS OF EXTENSIONAL STRESS ON RED BLOOD CELL HEMOLYSIS

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (05) ◽  
pp. 1550042 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jen-Hong Yen ◽  
Sheng-Fu Chen ◽  
Ming-Kai Chern ◽  
Po-Chien Lu
Keyword(s):  
Shear Stress ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Shear Stresses ◽  
Flow Conditions ◽  
Extensional Stress ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics Cfd ◽  
Stress Flow

Artificial prostheses create non-physiologic flow conditions with stress forces that may induce blood cell damage, particularly hemolysis. Earlier computational fluid dynamics (CFD) prediction models based on a quantified power model showed significant discrepancies with actual hemolysis experiments. These models used the premise that shear stresses act as the primary force behind hemolysis. However, additional studies have suggested that extensional stresses play a more substantial role than previously thought and should be taken into account in hemolysis models. We compared extensional and shear stress flow fields within the contraction of a short capillary with sharp versus tapered entrances. The flow field was calculated with CFD to determine stress values, and hemolysis experiments with porcine red blood cells were performed to correlate the effects of extensional and shear stress on hemolysis. Our results support extensional stress as the primary mechanical force involved in hemolysis, with a threshold value of 1000 Pa under exposure time less than 0.060 ms.

Experimental Study on Bubble Bursting and Droplet Releasing Characteristics Under Different Liquid Phase Conditions

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Chen ◽  
Haifeng Gu ◽  
Xiang Yu ◽  
Yanmin Zhou ◽  
Zhongning Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Phase ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Single Point ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Phase Changes ◽  
Radioactive Aerosol ◽  
Bubble Bursting ◽  
Bubble Rising ◽  
Liquid Ring ◽  
Bursting Process

The phenomenon that bubble bursts at the water surface and results in droplets production is one of the source of radioactive aerosol release, when the gas goes through the aerosol pool. Based on this, a high-speed photographic visualization experimental device was used to visualize the bubble bursting process at liquid surface under different conditions. Experimental studies show that: the bursting process of the bubbles with 7mm–28mm in diameter is a Single point rupture process. The process includes bubble rising, bubble cap draining, punctured point appearing, the liquid film rolling-up which forms the liquid ring, droplets emission as liquid ring breaks. The different punctured position changes the process of bubble bursting and the distribution of the droplets, thus the location of punctured position were divided into different area, which mainly locates at the foot of the bubble cap. Furthermore, the change of liquid phase conditions will affects the location of the punctured position, the number and the sizes of droplets. In the experiments, as temperature of the liquid phase changes from 16°C to 60°C, the process of drainage of bubble cap is shortened, and the probability of punctured position at the bottom increases. When punctured position is the same position, the number of droplets decreased and the diameter of droplet increased as temperature was increasing.

scholarly journals Dynamic Characteristics and Wall Effects of Bubble Bursting in Gas-Liquid-Solid Three-Phase Particle Flow

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 760 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianfei Lu ◽  
Tong Wang ◽  
Lin Li ◽  
Zichao Yin ◽  
Ronghui Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Velocity ◽  
Dynamic Characteristics ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Phase Particle ◽  
Particle Flow ◽  
Wall Effects ◽  
Bubble Bursting ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
Bursting Process ◽  
Bubble Burst

The bubble bursting process existing in the particle flow is a complex gas-liquid-solid three-phase coupling dynamic problem. The bubble bursting mechanism, including dynamic characteristics and wall effects, is not clear. To address the above matters, we present a modeling method for the piecewise linear interface calculation-volume of fluid (PLIC-VOF) based bubble burst. The bubble bursting process near or on the wall is analyzed to reveal the dynamic characteristics of bubble bursting and obtain the effect of a bubble bursting on the surrounding flow field. Then a particle image velocimetry (PIV) based self-developed experimental observation platform is established, and the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified. Research results indicate that, in the high-speed turbulent environment, a large pressure difference existed in the bubble tail, which induces the bubble burst to occur; the distance between the wall and the bubble decreases; the higher the flow velocity is, the less time is acquired for bubble bursting, but when the flow velocity exceeds the critical velocity 50 m/s, more time is needed; the coalescence-burst process of double bubbles increases the bubble bursting time, which causes the acceleration of particle motion to reduce.

Electron Probe Analysis of Vertebrate Smooth Muscle: Distribution of Ca and Ci

1976 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 334-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avril V. Somlyo ◽  
H. Shuman ◽  
A.P. Somlyo
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Electron Probe ◽  
Preliminary Report ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Electron Probe Analysis ◽  
Perinuclear Space ◽  
Probe Analysis ◽  
High K ◽  
Low K ◽  
Initial Results

This is a preliminary report of electron probe analysis of rabbit portal-anterior mesenteric vein (PAMV) smooth muscle cryosectioned without fixation or cryoprotection. The instrumentation and method of electron probe quantitation used (1) and our initial results with cardiac (2) and skeletal (3) muscle have been presented elsewhere.In preparations depolarized with high K (K2SO4) solution, significant calcium peaks were detected over the sarcoplasmic reticulum (Fig 1 and 2) and the continuous perinuclear space. In some of the fibers there were also significant (up to 200 mM/kg dry wt) calcium peaks over the mitochondria. However, in smooth muscle that was not depolarized, high mitochondrial Ca was found in fibers that also contained elevated Na and low K (Fig 3). Therefore, the possibility that these Ca-loaded mitochondria are indicative of cell damage remains to be ruled out.

Histological evaluation of cochlear hair cell damage from noise-induced hearing loss in chinchillas

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 332-333
Author(s):  
R.V. Harrison ◽  
R.J. Mount ◽  
P. White ◽  
N. Fukushima
Keyword(s):  
Hair Cell ◽  
Evoked Potential ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Acoustic Trauma ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
Cell Integrity ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Cochlear Hair Cell ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Contralateral Ear

In studies which attempt to define the influence of various factors on recovery of hair cell integrity after acoustic trauma, an experimental and a control ear which initially have equal degrees of damage are required. With in a group of animals receiving an identical level of acoustic trauma there is more symmetry between the ears of each individual, in respect to function, than between animals. Figure 1 illustrates this, left and right cochlear evoked potential (CAP) audiograms are shown for two chinchillas receiving identical trauma. For this reason the contralateral ear is used as control.To compliment such functional evaluations we have devised a scoring system, based on the condition of hair cell stereocilia as revealed by scanning electron microscopy, which permits total stereociliar damage to be expressed numerically. This quantification permits correlation of the degree of structural pathology with functional changes. In this paper wereport experiments to verify the symmetry of stereociliar integrity between two ears, both for normal (non-exposed) animals and chinchillas in which each ear has received identical noise trauma.

Osmolarity and Artificial Cell Damage in Ischemic Myocardium

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 262-263
Author(s):  
Richard Montione ◽  
Muhammad Ashraf
Keyword(s):  
Cell Damage ◽  
Uranyl Acetate ◽  
Tissue Preservation ◽  
Rat Myocardium ◽  
En Bloc ◽  
Cellular Changes ◽  
Artificial Cell ◽  
Cacodylate Buffer ◽  
Isotonic Buffer ◽  
Perfusion Fixation

Osmolarity of a fixative vehicle has long been known to have an effect on the tissue preservation. An increase in tissue osmolarity occurs in ischemia-damaged tissue and affects the morphology. In this study, we examined cellular changes in ischemic rat myocardium induced by varying fixative toxicity.Rats were sacrificed by decapitation and the hearts immediately removed and retrogradily perfused through the aorta with anoxic Kurbs-Henseleit medium. Hearts were then placed in a bag with a small amount of medium at 37°C for 90 minutes. Hearts were perfusion-fixed using 2% glutaraldehyde in 0.1 M cacodylate buffer pH -7.3 at three osmolarities. The isotonic buffer was adjusted to 311 mOsm/kg using D-manitol. Hypertonic buffers were adjusted to 375 and 400 mOsm/kg. One-half hour after perfusion fixation, the hearts were sliced and cut into small blocks and allowed to fix overnight at 4°C. Blocks were post fixed in osmium, en bloc stained in uranyl acetate, dehydrated in ethanol and embedded in Spurr medium.

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