Rapid electrochemical phenotypic profiling of antibiotic-resistant bacteria

Lab on a Chip ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (13) ◽  
pp. 2799-2807 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin D. Besant ◽  
Edward H. Sargent ◽  
Shana O. Kelley
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
On Chip

Concentrating bacteria in nanoliter culture chambers enables rapid electrochemical antibiotic susceptibility testing on-chip.

scholarly journals Longitudinal Characterization and Transmission Dynamics of Antibiotic-Resistant Organisms in an ICU (LOCATE AROs)

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. s42-s43
Author(s):  
Kimberley Sukhum ◽  
Candice Cass ◽  
Meghan Wallace ◽  
Caitlin Johnson ◽  
Steven Sax ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Environmental Samples ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Marrow Transplant ◽  
Transmission Dynamics ◽  
Hospital Environment ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Clonal Group ◽  
Communal Areas

Background: Healthcare-associated infections caused by antibiotic-resistant organisms (AROs) are a major cause of significant morbidity and mortality. To create and optimize infection prevention strategies, it is crucial to delineate the role of the environment and clinical infections. Methods: Over a 14-month period, we collected environmental samples, patient feces, and patient bloodstream infection (BSI) isolates in a newly built bone marrow transplant (BMT) intensive care unit (ICU). Samples were collected from 13 high-touch areas in the patient room and 4 communal areas. Samples were collected from the old BMT ICU, in the new BMT ICU before patients moved in, and for 1 year after patients moved in. Selective microbiologic culture was used to isolate AROs, and whole-genome sequencing (WGS) was used to determine clonality. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed using Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion assays. Using linear mixed modeling, we compared ARO recovery across time and sample area. Results: AROs were collected and cultured from environmental samples, patient feces, and BSI isolates (Fig. 1a). AROs were found both before and after a patient entered the ICU (Fig. 1b). Sink drains had significantly more AROs recovered per sample than any other surface area (P < .001) (Fig. 1c). The most common ARO isolates were Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Stenotrophomonas maltophila (Fig. 1d). The new BMT ICU had fewer AROs recovered per sample than the old BMT ICU (P < .001) and no increase in AROs recovered over the first year of opening (P > .05). Furthermore, there was no difference before versus after patients moved into the hospital (P > .05). Antibiotic susceptibility testing reveal that P. aeruginosa isolates recovered from the old ICU were resistant to more antibiotics than isolates recovered from the new ICU (Fig. 2a). ANI and clonal analyses of P. aeruginosa revealed a large cluster of clonal isolates (34 of 76) (Fig. 2b). This clonal group included isolates found before patients moved into the BMT ICU and patient blood isolates. Furthermore, this clonal group was initially found in only 1 room in the BMT ICU, and over 26 weeks, it was found in sink drains in all 6 rooms sampled (Fig. 2b). Conclusions: AROs are present before patients move into a new BMT ICU, and sink drains act as a reservoir for AROs over time. Furthermore, sink-drain P. aeruginosa isolates are clonally related to isolates found in patient BSIs. Overall, these results provide insight into ARO transmission dynamics in the hospital environment.Funding: Research reported in this publication was supported by the Washington University Institute of Clinical and Translational Sciences grant UL1TR002345 from the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS) of the National Institutes of Health (NIH). The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official view of the NIH.Disclosures: None

scholarly journals Emerging Microtechnologies and Automated Systems for Rapid Bacterial Identification and Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 585-608 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiyan Li ◽  
Xing Yang ◽  
Weian Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Single Cells ◽  
Turnaround Time ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Representative Point ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Bacterial Identification ◽  
Automated Systems

Rapid bacterial identification (ID) and antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST) are in great demand due to the rise of drug-resistant bacteria. Conventional culture-based AST methods suffer from a long turnaround time. By necessity, physicians often have to treat patients empirically with antibiotics, which has led to an inappropriate use of antibiotics, an elevated mortality rate and healthcare costs, and antibiotic resistance. Recent advances in miniaturization and automation provide promising solutions for rapid bacterial ID/AST profiling, which will potentially make a significant impact in the clinical management of infectious diseases and antibiotic stewardship in the coming years. In this review, we summarize and analyze representative emerging micro- and nanotechnologies, as well as automated systems for bacterial ID/AST, including both phenotypic (e.g., microfluidic-based bacterial culture, and digital imaging of single cells) and molecular (e.g., multiplex PCR, hybridization probes, nanoparticles, synthetic biology tools, mass spectrometry, and sequencing technologies) methods. We also discuss representative point-of-care (POC) systems that integrate sample processing, fluid handling, and detection for rapid bacterial ID/AST. Finally, we highlight major remaining challenges and discuss potential future endeavors toward improving clinical outcomes with rapid bacterial ID/AST technologies.

A Microbiologic Approach to the Investigation of Bacterial Nosocomial Infection Outbreaks

1980 ◽  
Vol 1 (06) ◽  
pp. 391-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald A. Goldmann ◽  
Ann B. Macone
Keyword(s):  
Nosocomial Infection ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Infection Control Team ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Plasmid Analysis ◽  
Identification Of Bacteria ◽  
Bacteriocin Typing

This article details the appropriate microbiologic support that is critical to the successful investigation of nosocomial infection problems. The infection control team must have ready access to microbiologic data, and the laboratory should retain epidemiologically relevant bacterial isolates. Investigation of epidemics is facilitated by precise identification of bacteria and careful antibiotic susceptibility testing. In some situations, biotyping, serotyping, phage typing, bacteriocin typing, and other specialized techniques may be required. Plasmid analysis may be useful in the investigation of nosocomial infection problems caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria.

scholarly journals Potential Role of Door Handles in the Spread of Drug Resistant Bacteria in Makerere University.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Immaculate Nabawanuka
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Bacterial Load ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Makerere University

Background: The transmission of diseases caused by pathogenic bacteria is still a threat. One of the potential sources of bacterial diseases is the door handles. This study aimed at isolating, identifying bacteria, determining total bacterial load, and determining antibiotic susceptibility patterns of bacteria obtained from door handles in Makerere university. Methodology:  A total of 60 samples randomly scattered within the university were swabbed and analyzed for bacterial growth. Samples were inoculated on MacConkey and blood agar and then incubated at 37 ºC for 24 hours. All sample isolates were sub cultured and identified based on macro and micromorphology, and standard biochemical tests. The establishment of the total bacterial load was done using the standard plate count method. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was done using the disc diffusion method on Muller Hilton agar. Results: The following bacterial species and genera were obtained from door handles, staphylococcus aureus (30.8%), Coagulase-negative staphylococcus (12.0%), Streptococcus species (24.2%), Escherichia coli (7.7%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (14.3%), bacilli species (11.0%). The study showed that there was a significant difference in the prevalence of bacilli species (p= 0.017) and E. coli (p= 0.015) among the study group. The results from total bacterial count indicated that toilet door handles had the highest bacterial load compared to office door handles and classrooms. Antibiotic susceptibility testing of isolates showed that all bacteria were resistant and intermediately resistant to commonly used antibiotics except for Escherichia coli that was susceptible to amoxicillin Conclusion and recommendations: The study reveals that door handles are a considerable source of pathogenic bacteria thus play a major role in the transmission of diseases caused by such bacteria. Further studies could be done and different study groups could be included for example routinely opened doors and the doors which are not routinely opened.

scholarly journals Nanomotion Detection-Based Rapid Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 287
Author(s):  
Sandor Kasas ◽  
Anton Malovichko ◽  
Maria Ines Villalba ◽  
María Elena Vela ◽  
Osvaldo Yantorno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bordetella Pertussis ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Novel Technique ◽  
Working Principle ◽  
Living Organisms

Rapid antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST) could play a major role in fighting multidrug-resistant bacteria. Recently, it was discovered that all living organisms oscillate in the range of nanometers and that these oscillations, referred to as nanomotion, stop as soon the organism dies. This finding led to the development of rapid AST techniques based on the monitoring of these oscillations upon exposure to antibiotics. In this review, we explain the working principle of this novel technique, compare the method with current ASTs, explore its application and give some advice about its implementation. As an illustrative example, we present the application of the technique to the slowly growing and pathogenic Bordetella pertussis bacteria.

scholarly journals Dental unit water lines: The infectious sources of Pseudomonas aeruginosa

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 200-203
Author(s):  
Ashok V. Gomashe ◽  
Pranita A. Gulhane ◽  
Preeti G. Dharmik ◽  
Aparna K. Barhanpure
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Healthcare Personnel ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Water Spray ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant

Water quality in the dental unit water lines (DUWLs) is important to the patients and dental healthcare personnel as they are at risk of being infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The aim of the present study was to determine the occurrence of P. aeruginosa contamination in DUWLs and to study the antibiotic resistant profile. A total of 101 dental water samples including air/water spray (26), Ultrasonic scalar (24), Air rotor compressor (26) and Distilled water (25) were screened for P. aeruginosa and 67 samples were found to be contaminated by P. aeruginosa. All these isolates were further subjected to antibiotic susceptibility testing. Among these, 63 (94.02%) showed resistance to ampicillin followed by 39 (58.20%) to amoxicillin, 11 (16.41%) to cefepime, 5 (7.46%) to aztreonam and 1 (1.49%) to gentamicin.

scholarly journals Antibiotic susceptibility patterns of isolated bacteria from bile fluids of patients with gallstone disease in Isfahan city (Iran)

2015 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 611-617
Author(s):  
Seyed-Masih Fatemi ◽  
Abbas Doosti ◽  
Hamid Tavakoli ◽  
Reza Moayednia ◽  
Payam Ghasemi-Dehkordi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Gallstone Disease ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns ◽  
Susceptibility Patterns

Bacterial infections are one of the important agents in the creation of gallstones in the gallbladder. In recent years the spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria such as extended-spectrum ?-lactamases (ESBL) is increasing and of concern in hospitalized patients worldwide. The purpose of this study was to investigate the antibiotic susceptibility patterns of isolated bacteria from the bile specimens of patients with chronic and acute cholecystitis who had been operated by single-incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy (SILC) in Isfahan (Iran) 2 using an antibiogram susceptibility test and molecular technique. The bile fluids of 91 patients were obtained from the Al-Zahra hospital and were cultured on specific media for the isolation of Gram-negative and positive bacteria and the disk diffusion test was done to determine the antibiotic susceptibility patterns of isolated bacteria. Finally, bacterial DNA was extracted from the bile samples and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed to investigate extended-spectrum ?-lactamases genes. The bacteria Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus spp. and Staphylococcus aureus were detected in bile specimens cultured with high frequency, and the results showed that biliary infection increased with aging in patients with gallstone disease operated by SILC. The results showed a high frequency of ESBL genes including TEM, SHV, and CTX-M in isolated bacteria (especially Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp.). Thus, evaluating the antibiotic susceptibility patterns and screening of ESBLs bacteria in patients with gallstones are essential. Prescribing suitable drugs, designing good strategies, and informing the medical community could decrease bile infection and antibiotic-resistant bacteria in clinical centers and hospitals.

scholarly journals Antibiotic susceptibility testing in less than 30 min using direct single-cell imaging

2017 ◽  
Vol 114 (34) ◽  
pp. 9170-9175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Özden Baltekin ◽  
Alexis Boucharin ◽  
Eva Tano ◽  
Dan I. Andersson ◽  
Johan Elf
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Tract Infections

The emergence and spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria are aggravated by incorrect prescription and use of antibiotics. A core problem is that there is no sufficiently fast diagnostic test to guide correct antibiotic prescription at the point of care. Here, we investigate if it is possible to develop a point-of-care susceptibility test for urinary tract infection, a disease that 100 million women suffer from annually and that exhibits widespread antibiotic resistance. We capture bacterial cells directly from samples with low bacterial counts (104 cfu/mL) using a custom-designed microfluidic chip and monitor their individual growth rates using microscopy. By averaging the growth rate response to an antibiotic over many individual cells, we can push the detection time to the biological response time of the bacteria. We find that it is possible to detect changes in growth rate in response to each of nine antibiotics that are used to treat urinary tract infections in minutes. In a test of 49 clinical uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) isolates, all were correctly classified as susceptible or resistant to ciprofloxacin in less than 10 min. The total time for antibiotic susceptibility testing, from loading of sample to diagnostic readout, is less than 30 min, which allows the development of a point-of-care test that can guide correct treatment of urinary tract infection.

scholarly journals The Occurrence of Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria Contamination in Sub-district Health-promoting Hospitals in Chiang Rai, Thailand

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Korakot Chansareewittaya ◽  
Sirikarnnapa Krajangcharoensakul
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria ◽  
District Health ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Microbiological Methods ◽  
Health Promoting

Objective: To determine the antibiotic susceptibility patterns (antibiogram profiles) of the bacterial agents usually involved in hospital-acquired infections found in 12 sub-district health-promoting hospitals (HPHs) in Chiang Rai, Thailand.Material and Methods: Swabs from 10 different sampling points in each sub-district HPH were aseptically collected. Standard microbiological methods were performed to define the bacterial species. Antibiotic susceptibility was determined by the disk diffusion method following the standard guidelines of the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (2016).Results: The antibiogram profiles of the 153 isolated bacteria showed that 55.6% of the isolates were resistant to antibiotics. Single drug resistant, double drug resistant, and multi-drug resistant bacteria accounted for 18.3%, 18.3%, and 19.0%, respectively. The Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolate was susceptible to all tested antibiotics. MDR phenotypes were most common in coagulase-negative staphylococci (13.1%), followed by members of the family of Enterobacteriaceae (3.9%) and Staphylococcus aureus (0.7%).Conclusion: The MDR rates reported in this study are “worrying”. These results suggest that sub-district HPHs may become sources of HAIs caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria which can be inevitably transmitted into the wider community. Antibiotic stewardship, antibiotic susceptibility surveillance and hygiene practices may be used to prevent and limit the spread of such bacteria from sub-district HPHs to the community.

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