scholarly journals Evaluation of residual antibacterial potency in antibiotic production wastewater using a real-time quantitative method

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (11) ◽  
pp. 1923-1929 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Zhang ◽  
Yu Zhang ◽  
Min Yang ◽  
Miaomiao Liu
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Quantitative Method ◽  
Antibiotic Production ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Antibiotic Activity ◽  
Wastewater Discharge ◽  
Related Substances

While antibiotic pollution has attracted considerable attention due to its potential in promoting the dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes in the environment, the antibiotic activity of their related substances has been neglected, which may underestimate the environmental impacts of antibiotic wastewater discharge.

scholarly journals Antibiotic Resistance Genes in the Bacteriophage DNA Fraction of Human Fecal Samples

2013 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 606-609 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Quirós ◽  
Marta Colomer-Lluch ◽  
Alexandre Martínez-Castillo ◽  
Elisenda Miró ◽  
Marc Argente ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Quantitative Pcr ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
Real Time Quantitative Pcr ◽  
Healthy Humans ◽  
Phage Dna

ABSTRACTA group of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) (blaTEM,blaCTX-M-1,mecA,armA,qnrA, andqnrS) were analyzed by real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) in bacteriophage DNA isolated from feces from 80 healthy humans. Seventy-seven percent of the samples were positive in phage DNA for one or more ARGs.blaTEM,qnrA, and,blaCTX-M-1were the most abundant, andarmA,qnrS, andmecAwere less prevalent. Free bacteriophages carrying ARGs may contribute to the mobilization of ARGs in intra- and extraintestinal environments.

scholarly journals The Transferable Resistome of Produce

mBio ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Khald Blau ◽  
Antje Bettermann ◽  
Sven Jechalke ◽  
Eva Fornefeld ◽  
Yann Vanrobaeys ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Direct Detection ◽  
Blot Hybridization ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Content Type ◽  
E Coli

ABSTRACTProduce is increasingly recognized as a reservoir of human pathogens and transferable antibiotic resistance genes. This study aimed to explore methods to characterize the transferable resistome of bacteria associated with produce. Mixed salad, arugula, and cilantro purchased from supermarkets in Germany were analyzed by means of cultivation- and DNA-based methods. Before and after a nonselective enrichment step, tetracycline (TET)-resistantEscherichia coliwere isolated and plasmids conferring TET resistance were captured by exogenous plasmid isolation. TET-resistantE. coliisolates, transconjugants, and total community DNA (TC-DNA) from the microbial fraction detached from leaves or after enrichment were analyzed for the presence of resistance genes, class 1 integrons, and various plasmids by real-time PCR and PCR-Southern blot hybridization. Real-time PCR primers were developed for IncI and IncF plasmids. TET-resistantE. coliisolated from arugula and cilantro carried IncF, IncI1, IncN, IncHI1, IncU, and IncX1 plasmids. Three isolates from cilantro were positive for IncN plasmids andblaCTX-M-1. From mixed salad and cilantro, IncF, IncI1, and IncP-1β plasmids were captured exogenously. Importantly, whereas direct detection of IncI and IncF plasmids in TC-DNA failed, these plasmids became detectable in DNA extracted from enrichment cultures. This confirms that cultivation-independent DNA-based methods are not always sufficiently sensitive to detect the transferable resistome in the rare microbiome. In summary, this study showed that an impressive diversity of self-transmissible multiple resistance plasmids was detected in bacteria associated with produce that is consumed raw, and exogenous capturing intoE. colisuggests that they could transfer to gut bacteria as well.IMPORTANCEProduce is one of the most popular food commodities. Unfortunately, leafy greens can be a reservoir of transferable antibiotic resistance genes. We found that IncF and IncI plasmids were the most prevalent plasmid types inE. coliisolates from produce. This study highlights the importance of the rare microbiome associated with produce as a source of antibiotic resistance genes that might escape cultivation-independent detection, yet may be transferred to human pathogens or commensals.

scholarly journals Localized effect of treated wastewater effluent on the resistome of an urban watershed

GigaScience ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher N Thornton ◽  
Windy D Tanner ◽  
James A VanDerslice ◽  
William J Brazelton
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Fecal Contamination ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Wastewater Effluent ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Urban Watershed ◽  
Wastewater Discharge ◽  
Treated Effluent

Abstract Background Wastewater treatment is an essential tool for maintaining water quality in urban environments. While the treatment of wastewater can remove most bacterial cells, some will inevitably survive treatment to be released into natural environments. Previous studies have investigated antibiotic resistance within wastewater treatment plants, but few studies have explored how a river’s complete set of antibiotic resistance genes (the “resistome") is affected by the release of treated effluent into surface waters. Results Here we used high-throughput, deep metagenomic sequencing to investigate the effect of treated wastewater effluent on the resistome of an urban river and the downstream distribution of effluent-associated antibiotic resistance genes and mobile genetic elements. Treated effluent release was found to be associated with increased abundance and diversity of antibiotic resistance genes and mobile genetic elements. The impact of wastewater discharge on the river’s resistome diminished with increasing distance from effluent discharge points. The resistome at river locations that were not immediately downstream from any wastewater discharge points was dominated by a single integron carrying genes associated with resistance to sulfonamides and quaternary ammonium compounds. Conclusions Our study documents variations in the resistome of an urban watershed from headwaters to a major confluence in an urban center. Greater abundances and diversity of antibiotic resistance genes are associated with human fecal contamination in river surface water, but the fecal contamination effect seems to be localized, with little measurable effect in downstream waters. The diverse composition of antibiotic resistance genes throughout the watershed suggests the influence of multiple environmental and biological factors.

scholarly journals Behaviors of Homologous Antibiotic Resistance Genes in a Cephalosporin WWTP, Subsequent WWTP and the Receiving River

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Chen ◽  
Mengyu Zhang ◽  
Daliang Ning ◽  
Joy D Van Nostrand ◽  
Yunfeng Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Antibiotic Production ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Gene Families ◽  
Selection Pressures ◽  
Environmental Selection ◽  
Receiving Stream

High concentrations of antibiotics in antibiotic production wastewater can cause the widespread transmission of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Here, we collected a set of time series samples from a cephalosporin production wastewater treatment plant (X-WWTP), the subsequent municipal WWTP (Y-WWTP) and the receiving stream. Using a functional gene microarray, GeoChip 5.0, which contains multiple homologous probes for 18 ARG and 13 antibiotic metabolism gene (AMG) families, we found that more than 50% of homologous probes for 20 gene families showed a relative abundance higher in X-WWTP, while only 10–20% showed lower relative abundance. The different response patterns of homologous ARG (hARGs) within the same ARG family imply environmental selection pressures are only responsible for the ARG enrichment and spread of some specific instead of all ARG-containing microorganisms, which contradicted the traditionally held belief that environmental selection pressures, especially antibiotic concentration, select for all ARG-containing microorganisms thereby selecting different hARGs in the same ARG family in an undifferentiated way. Network results imply that hARGs from three β_lactamase families enriched under the selection pressure of high cephalosporin antibiotic concentrations in X-WWTP formed positively correlated homologous ARG clusters (pohARGCs). The pohARGCs were also enhanced in the sediment of the receiving stream. The enrichment of hARGs from three β_lactamase families was likely through microorganisms belonging to the Betaproteobacteria genus.

scholarly journals Using Real-Time PCR to Investigate Some of Antibiotic Resistance Genes from Streptococcus agalactiae Isolates from ewe Mastitis cases in Nineveh province

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3(Suppl.)) ◽  
pp. 0931
Author(s):  
Ayman Mohamed Jaber Albanna ◽  
Aseel A. H. Al-Layla
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Streptococcus Agalactiae ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Bacterial Resistance ◽  
Single Gene ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Antibiotics Resistance ◽  
Dilution Method

In this study, from a total of 856 mastitis cases in lactating ewes, only 34 Streptococcus agalactiae isolates showed various types of resistance to three types of antibiotics (Penicillin, Erythromycin and Tetracycline). St. agalactiae isolates were identified according to the standard methods, including a new suggested technique called specific Chromogenic agar. It was found that antibiotic bacterial resistance was clearly identified by using MIC-microplate assay (dilution method). Also, by real-time PCR technique, it was determined that there were three antibiotics genes resistance ( pbp2b, tetO and mefA ). The high percentage of isolate carried of a single gene which was the Tetracycline (20.59%) followed by percentage Penicillin was (17.65%) and the lowest was in Erythromycin (11.77%). However, there were many isolates that carried two genes of antibiotics resistance represented by Penicillin and Erythromycin with collective present of 38.22%, and for the Penicillin and Tetracycline, the percentage was found to be 11.77%. In contrast, no common gene with two antibiotics (Erythromycin and  Tetracycline) was detected. On the other hand, it was found that no bacterial sharing with three kinds of antibiotic resistance genes ( pbp2b, tetO and mefA ). This study has revealed that the St. agalactiae isolates did induce recurrent mastitis in lactating Iraqi's ewes. 

Detection of clinically relevant antibiotic-resistance genes in municipal wastewater using real-time PCR (TaqMan)

2004 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 277-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Holger Volkmann ◽  
Thomas Schwartz ◽  
Petra Bischoff ◽  
Silke Kirchen ◽  
Ursula Obst
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes
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