scholarly journals The potential of CAM crops as a globally significant bioenergy resource: moving from ‘fuel or food’ to ‘fuel and more food’

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 2320-2329 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Michael Mason ◽  
Katherine Glover ◽  
J. Andrew C. Smith ◽  
Kathy J. Willis ◽  
Jeremy Woods ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Crassulacean Acid Metabolism ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Arid Land ◽  
Semi Arid

4–15% of the 2.5 bn ha of semi-arid land globally could generate 59 PW h year−1of electricity without reducing food production, enough to make a major difference to global GHG emissions. The key is anaerobic digestion of a class of understudied, under-developed and hyper-water-efficient plants that use the crassulacean acid metabolism.

scholarly journals Anaerobic digestion of Crassulacean Acid Metabolism plants: Exploring alternative feedstocks for semi-arid lands

2020 ◽  
Vol 297 ◽  
pp. 122262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khemmathin Lueangwattanapong ◽  
Fariza Ammam ◽  
P. Michael Mason ◽  
Caragh Whitehead ◽  
Simon J. McQueen-Mason ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Crassulacean Acid Metabolism ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Arid Lands ◽  
Alternative Feedstocks ◽  
Semi Arid

scholarly journals El metabolismo ácido de las crasuláceas: diversidad, fisiología ambiental y productividad

2017 ◽  
pp. 37 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Luis Andrade ◽  
Erick De la Barrera ◽  
Casandra Reyes-García ◽  
M. Fernanda Ricalde ◽  
Gustavo Vargas-Soto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Crassulacean Acid Metabolism ◽  
Environmental Effect ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Arid Zones ◽  
Cam Plants ◽  
Low Co2 ◽  
Tree Canopies ◽  
Great Species ◽  
Semi Arid

Mexico possesses a great species diversity of Crassulacean Acid Metabolism (CAM) plants. These plants can grow in places where water is infrequent, such as arid and semi-arid zones, and tree canopies, or as aquatic plants in places with low CO2 availability. This review presents methodological, evolutionary, ecological, and physiological aspects on CAM plants. Also, it shows data from recent studies related to the environmental effect on changes in the photosynthesis CAM. Finally, we made a consideration about the lack of studies on the physiology of CAM plants in Mexico despite its enormous diversity.

scholarly journals Occurrence of crassulacean acid metabolism in leaves of Aristolochia bracteata Ritz

2014 ◽  
Vol 65 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 297-299
Author(s):  
R. B. Deshumukh ◽  
C. V. Murumkar
Keyword(s):  
Arid Region ◽  
Crassulacean Acid Metabolism ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Stomatal Behaviour ◽  
Leaf Tissues ◽  
Diurnal Fluctuations ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Semi Arid

<em>Aristolochia bracteata</em> Ritz. is a common weed of fallowlands of hot, semi-arid region of Baramati area. High succulence index was noticed in leaf tissues along with marked diurnal fluctuations in titratable acidity status, and pH of leaf sap. Stomatal behaviour also followed typical CAM pattern. All these findings conclude that Crassulacean Acid Metabolism is in operation in this species.

scholarly journals Microbes: Food for the Future

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 971
Author(s):  
Matilde Ciani ◽  
Antonio Lippolis ◽  
Federico Fava ◽  
Liliana Rodolfi ◽  
Alberto Niccolai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Production ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Biodiversity Loss ◽  
Negative Externalities ◽  
Agriculture Soil ◽  
Global Concern ◽  
Food Commodities ◽  
Hydrogen Oxidizing Bacteria

Current projections estimate that in 2050 about 10 billion people will inhabit the earth and food production will need to increase by more than 60%. Food security will therefore represent a matter of global concern not easily tackled with current agriculture practices and curbed by the increasing scarcity of natural resources and climate change. Disrupting technologies are urgently needed to improve the efficiency of the food production system and to reduce the negative externalities of agriculture (soil erosion, desertification, air pollution, water and soil contamination, biodiversity loss, etc.). Among the most innovative technologies, the production of microbial protein (MP) in controlled and intensive systems called “bioreactors” is receiving increasing attention from research and industry. MP has low arable land requirements, does not directly compete with crop-based food commodities, and uses fertilizers with an almost 100% efficiency. This review considers the potential and limitations of four MP sources currently tested at pilot level or sold as food or feed ingredients: hydrogen oxidizing bacteria (HOB), methanotrophs, fungi, and microalgae (cyanobacteria). The environmental impacts (energy, land, water use, and GHG emissions) of these MP sources are compared with those of plant, animal, insect, and cultured meat-based proteins. Prices are reported to address whether MP may compete with traditional protein sources. Microalgae cultivation under artificial light is discussed as a strategy to ensure independence from weather conditions, continuous operation over the year, as well as high-quality biomass. The main challenges to the spreading of MP use are discussed.

scholarly journals Enhancement of Food Waste Management and Its Environmental Consequences

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 1790
Author(s):  
Jan den Boer ◽  
Gudrun Obersteiner ◽  
Sebastian Gollnow ◽  
Emilia den Boer ◽  
Renata Bodnárné Sándor
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Environmental Effects ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Biological Pretreatment ◽  
Environmental Benefit ◽  
Kitchen Waste ◽  
Considerable Saving ◽  
Positive Effects

This paper assesses the potential environmental effects of the optimization of the kitchen waste management in Opole. The separate collection of kitchen waste is improved by distribution of separate collection kits consisting of an in-home bin and 10 L biodegradable bags. The surplus of collected kitchen waste is diverted from treatment in a mechanical-biological pretreatment (MBP) along with the residual waste to anaerobic digestion (AD) with the biowaste. This has positive effects on European and Polish goals, ambitions, and targets, such as (i) increasing the level of renewables in the primary energy supply, (ii) decreasing the level of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, (iii) increasing the level of preparation for reuse and recycling of municipal waste. The environmental effects of 1 ton additionally separately collected and treated kitchen waste are determined by using life cycle assessment. It was shown that in all selected impact categories (global warming potential, marine eutrophication potential, acidification potential, and ozone depletion potential) a clear environmental benefit can be achieved. These benefits are mainly caused by the avoided emissions of electricity and heat from the Polish production mix, which are substituted by energy generation from biogas combustion. Optimization of the waste management system by diversion of kitchen waste from mechanical-biological pretreatment to anaerobic digestion can lead to considerable saving of 448 kg CO2-eq/t of waste diverted. With an estimated optimization potential for the demonstration site of 40 kg/inh·year for the city of Opole, this would lead to 680,000 t CO2-eq savings per year for the whole of Poland. The sensitivity analysis showed that with a choice for cleaner energy sources the results would, albeit lower, show a significant savings potential.

scholarly journals An Investigation of the Potential Adoption of Anaerobic Digestion for Energy Production in Irish Farms

Environments ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Sean O’Connor ◽  
Ehiaze Ehimen ◽  
Suresh C. Pillai ◽  
Niamh Power ◽  
Gary A. Lyons ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Co2 Reduction ◽  
Agriculture Sector ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
High Investment ◽  
On Farm ◽  
Technology Ranking

Anaerobic digestion (AD) has been recognised as an effective means of simultaneously producing energy while reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Despite having a large agriculture sector, Ireland has experienced little uptake of the technology, ranking 20th within the EU-28. It is, therefore, necessary to understand the general opinions, willingness to adopt, and perceived obstacles of potential adopters of the technology. As likely primary users of this technology, a survey of Irish cattle farmers was conducted to assess the potential of on-farm AD for energy production in Ireland. The study seeks to understand farmers’ motivations, perceived barriers, and preferred business model. The study found that approximately 41% of the 91 respondents were interested in installing AD on their farming enterprise within the next five years. These Likely Adopters tended to have a higher level of education attainment, and together, currently hold 4379 cattle, potentially providing 37,122 t year−1 of wastes as feedstock, resulting in a potential CO2 reduction of 800.65 t CO2-eq. year−1. Moreover, the results indicated that the primary consideration preventing the implementation of AD is a lack of information regarding the technology and high investment costs. Of the Likely Adopters and Possible Adopters, a self-owned and operated plant was the preferred ownership structure, while 58% expressed an interest in joining a co-operative scheme. The findings generated provide valuable insights into the willingness of farmers to implement AD and guidance for its potential widespread adoption.

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