Heterogeneous basic catalysts for biodiesel production

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 2877-2891 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Lúcia de Lima ◽  
Célia M. Ronconi ◽  
Claudio J. A. Mota
Keyword(s):  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Basic Catalysts

We review the recent advances in the synthesis and utilization of heterogeneous basic catalysts for biodiesel production.

scholarly journals Heterogeneous ZnO-containing catalysts for efficient biodiesel production

RSC Advances ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (33) ◽  
pp. 20465-20478
Author(s):  
Anping Wang ◽  
Wenxuan Quan ◽  
Heng Zhang ◽  
Hu Li ◽  
Song Yang
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
Catalytic Conversion ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Functional Composite ◽  
Recent Advances

This review introduces recent advances in the catalytic conversion of oils into biodiesel using ZnO functional composite materials.

scholarly journals Recent Advances in Glycerol Catalytic Valorization: A Review

Catalysts ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1279
Author(s):  
Manuel Checa ◽  
Sergio Nogales-Delgado ◽  
Vicente Montes ◽  
José María Encinar
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Carboxylic Acids ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Large Scale Production ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Technological Limitations

Once a biorefinery is ready to operate, the main processed materials need to be completely evaluated in terms of many different factors, including disposal regulations, technological limitations of installation, the market, and other societal considerations. In biorefinery, glycerol is the main by-product, representing around 10% of biodiesel production. In the last few decades, the large-scale production of biodiesel and glycerol has promoted research on a wide range of strategies in an attempt to valorize this by-product, with its transformation into added value chemicals being the strategy that exhibits the most promising route. Among them, C3 compounds obtained from routes such as hydrogenation, oxidation, esterification, etc. represent an alternative to petroleum-based routes for chemicals such as acrolein, propanediols, or carboxylic acids of interest for the polymer industry. Another widely studied and developed strategy includes processes such as reforming or pyrolysis for energy, clean fuels, and materials such as activated carbon. This review covers recent advances in catalysts used in the most promising strategies considering both chemicals and energy or fuel obtention. Due to the large variety in biorefinery industries, several potential emergent valorization routes are briefly summarized.

Design and fabrication of mesoporous heterogeneous basic catalysts

2015 ◽  
Vol 44 (15) ◽  
pp. 5092-5147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin-Bing Sun ◽  
Xiao-Qin Liu ◽  
Hong-Cai Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Recent Advances ◽  
Solid Bases ◽  
Basic Catalysts

Recent advances in mesoporous solid bases were reviewed, and fundamental principles of how to fabricate efficient basic catalysts were highlighted.

Novel heterogeneous basic catalysts for biodiesel production: Sodium titanate nanotubes doped with potassium

2015 ◽  
Vol 250 ◽  
pp. 187-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Hernández-Hipólito ◽  
Nohemí Juárez-Flores ◽  
Elena Martínez-Klimova ◽  
Antonio Gómez-Cortés ◽  
Xim Bokhimi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Titanate ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Titanate Nanotubes ◽  
Basic Catalysts

scholarly journals Continuous Valorization of Glycerol into Solketal: Recent Advances on Catalysts, Processes, and Industrial Perspectives

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 286-324
Author(s):  
Isabella Corrêa ◽  
Rui P. V. Faria ◽  
Alírio E. Rodrigues
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Production ◽  
Oxidation Stability ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Fuel Additive ◽  
Production Chain ◽  
Operational Conditions ◽  
Production Processes ◽  
Recent Advances

With the global biodiesel production growing as never seen before, encouraged by government policies, fiscal incentives, and emissions laws to control air pollution, there has been the collateral effect of generating massive amounts of crude glycerol, a by-product from the biodiesel industry. The positive effect of minimizing CO2 emissions using biofuels is jeopardized by the fact that the waste generated by this industry represents an enormous environmental disadvantage. The strategy of viewing “waste as a resource” led the scientific community to propose numerous processes that use glycerol as raw material. Solketal, the product of the reaction of glycerol and acetone, stands out as a promising fuel additive capable of enhancing fuel octane number and oxidation stability, diminishing particle emissions and gum formation, and enhancing properties at low temperatures. The production of this chemical can rely on several of the Green Chemistry principles, besides fitting the Circular Economy Model, once it can be reinserted in the biofuel production chain. This paper reviews the recent advances in solketal production, focusing on continuous production processes and on Process Intensification strategies. The performance of different catalysts under various operational conditions is summarized and the proposed industrial solketal production processes are compared.

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