scholarly journals Bioinspired polymer vesicles and membranes for biological and medical applications

2016 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 377-411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cornelia G. Palivan ◽  
Roland Goers ◽  
Adrian Najer ◽  
Xiaoyan Zhang ◽  
Anja Car ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Role ◽  
Polymer Membranes ◽  
Synthetic Polymer ◽  
Biological Molecules ◽  
Medical Applications ◽  
Effective Strategy ◽  
Selective Transport ◽  
Polymer Vesicles ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Biological And Medical Applications

Biological membranes play an essential role in living organisms by providing stable and functional compartments, supporting signalling and selective transport. Combining synthetic polymer membranes with biological molecules promises to be an effective strategy to mimic the functions of cell membranes and apply them in artificial systems.

scholarly journals Protein Nanotubes: From Bionanotech towards Medical Applications

Biomedicines ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald F. Audette ◽  
Ayat Yaseen ◽  
Nicholas Bragagnolo ◽  
Raj Bawa
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Medical Applications ◽  
Macromolecular Complexes ◽  
Biochemical Processes ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Biological And Medical Applications ◽  
Protein Nanotubes

Nanobiotechnology involves the study of structures found in nature to construct nanodevices for biological and medical applications with the ultimate goal of commercialization. Within a cell most biochemical processes are driven by proteins and associated macromolecular complexes. Evolution has optimized these protein-based nanosystems within living organisms over millions of years. Among these are flagellin and pilin-based systems from bacteria, viral-based capsids, and eukaryotic microtubules and amyloids. While carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and protein/peptide-CNT composites, remain one of the most researched nanosystems due to their electrical and mechanical properties, there are many concerns regarding CNT toxicity and biodegradability. Therefore, proteins have emerged as useful biotemplates for nanomaterials due to their assembly under physiologically relevant conditions and ease of manipulation via protein engineering. This review aims to highlight some of the current research employing protein nanotubes (PNTs) for the development of molecular imaging biosensors, conducting wires for microelectronics, fuel cells, and drug delivery systems. The translational potential of PNTs is highlighted.

ChemInform Abstract: Bioinspired Polymer Vesicles and Membranes for Biological and Medical Applications

ChemInform ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (12) ◽  
pp. no-no
Author(s):  
Cornelia G. Palivan ◽  
Roland Goers ◽  
Adrian Najer ◽  
Xiaoyan Zhang ◽  
Anja Car ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Applications ◽  
Polymer Vesicles ◽  
Biological And Medical Applications

Core-modified porphyrins: novel building blocks in chemistry

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksey E. Kuznetsov
Keyword(s):  
Periodic Table ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Effective Strategy ◽  
Research Groups ◽  
Structures And Properties ◽  
Porphyrin Core ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
New Compounds ◽  
Related Compounds ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

Abstract Various (metallo)porphyrins and related compounds have been intensively investigated by different research groups due to their extremely important role in living organisms along with their versatile applications in technology. The design of novel porphyrinoids by core-modification, or substitution of pyrrole nitrogens, with the elements of other groups of the Periodic Table has been considered as a highly promising methodology for tuning structures and properties of porphyrinoids and thus opening new possible applications for them. Much effort has been given to the modifications of the porphyrin core with elements of the main groups, namely O, S, Se (chalcogens), and the heavier congener of nitrogen, phosphorus. In general, the porphyrin core modification by replacing nitrogens with heteroatoms is a promising and effective strategy for obtaining new compounds with unusual structures and properties (optical, electrochemical, coordinating, etc.) as well as reactivity. These novel molecules can also be employed as promising building or construction blocks in various applications in the nanotechnology area.

Biological And Medical Applications Of Electrets

2000 ◽  
pp. 203-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir N. Kestelman ◽  
Leonid S. Pinchuk ◽  
Victor A. Goldade
Keyword(s):  
Medical Applications ◽  
Biological And Medical Applications

scholarly journals Human Erythrocyte-Like Transformation of Synthetic Polymer Vesicles

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eri Yoshida
Keyword(s):  
Methacrylic Acid ◽  
Human Erythrocyte ◽  
Bilayer Membrane ◽  
Synthetic Polymer ◽  
Butyl Methacrylate ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Polymer Vesicles ◽  
Membrane Perforation ◽  
Response To Temperature ◽  
Spherical Vesicles

Abstract This paper describes that synthetic polymer vesicles undergo a human erythrocyte-like transformation in response to temperature changes. The normally biconcave discoid erythrocytes, i.e., the discocytes, are transformed into various shapes by their environmental stresses. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) demonstrates that the spherical vesicles consisting of poly(methacrylic acid)-block-poly(n-butyl methacrylate-random-methacrylic acid), PMAA-b-P(BMA-r-MAA), transform into echinocyte-like crenate vesicles due to expansion by the component copolymers in being freed from the vesicle surface when heated in an aqueous methanol solution. An increase in the vesicle concentration transforms the spherical vesicles into stomatocyte-like cup-shaped vesicles via the membrane perforation or double invaginations followed by membrane coupling and fusion. Light scattering studies reveal the reversibility and repeatability of the transformations. These findings indicate that the erythrocyte transformations are attributed to the inherent property of the bilayer membrane. The polymer vesicles are helpful for a better understanding of the biomembrane.

Biological and medical applications of plasma-activated media, water and solutions

2018 ◽  
Vol 400 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nagendra Kumar Kaushik ◽  
Bhagirath Ghimire ◽  
Ying Li ◽  
Manish Adhikari ◽  
Mayura Veerana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure Plasma ◽  
Medical Applications ◽  
Mesenchymal Transition ◽  
Safety Issues ◽  
Biological And Medical Applications

Abstract Non-thermal atmospheric pressure plasma has been proposed as a new tool for various biological and medical applications. Plasma in close proximity to cell culture media or water creates reactive oxygen and nitrogen species containing solutions known as plasma-activated media (PAM) or plasma-activated water (PAW) – the latter even displays acidification. These plasma-treated solutions remain stable for several days with respect to the storage temperature. Recently, PAM and PAW have been widely studied for many biomedical applications. Here, we reviewed promising reports demonstrating plasma-liquid interaction chemistry and the application of PAM or PAW as an anti-cancer, anti-metastatic, antimicrobial, regenerative medicine for blood coagulation and even as a dental treatment agent. We also discuss the role of PAM on cancer initiation cells (spheroids or cancer stem cells), on the epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT), and when used for metastasis inhibition considering its anticancer effects. The roles of PAW in controlling plant disease, seed decontamination, seed germination and plant growth are also considered in this review. Finally, we emphasize the future prospects of PAM, PAW or plasma-activated solutions in biomedical applications with a discussion of the mechanisms and the stability and safety issues in relation to humans.

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