Role of lipid polymorphism in acoustically sensitive liposomes

Soft Matter ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (44) ◽  
pp. 8846-8854 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minjee Kang ◽  
Grace Huang ◽  
Cecilia Leal
Keyword(s):  
Ultrasound Exposure ◽  
Liposome Membrane ◽  
Lipid Polymorphism ◽  
Membrane Thinning

We investigate liposome membrane restructuring induced by ultrasound exposure. Ultrasound induces membrane thinning and when non-lamellar lipids are present there is a topological restructuring from lamellar-Lαto reversed hexagonal-HIIphases.

Antioxidant Activity of Anthocyanin Glycoside Derivatives Evaluated by the Inhibition of Liposome Oxidation

2005 ◽  
Vol 60 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 399-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janina Gabrielska ◽  
Jan Oszmiański
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Membrane System ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Peroxyl Radicals ◽  
Liposome Membrane ◽  
Membrane Oxidation ◽  
Inhibit Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Potency

Cyanidin-3-glycosides (arabinoside, rutinoside, galactoside and glucoside) and delphinidin- 3-rutinoside were examined for their ability to inhibit lipid peroxidation induced either by Fe(II) ions, UV irradiation or 2,2′-azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH) peroxyl radicals in a liposomal membrane system. The antioxidant abilities of anthocyanins were compared with a water-soluble tocopherol derivative, trolox. The antioxidant efficacies of these compounds were evaluated by their ability to inhibit the fluorescence intensity decay of the extrinsic probe 3-[p-(6-phenyl)-1,3,5,-hexatrienyl] phenylpropionic acid, caused by the free radicals generated during peroxidation. All the anthocyanins tested (at concentrations of 15-20 μm) exhibited higher antioxidant activities against Fe(II)-induced peroxidation than UV- and AAPH-induced peroxidation, suggesting that metal chelation may play an important role in determining the antioxidant potency of these compounds. It was also found that delphinidin-3-rutinoside had a higher antioxidant activity against Fe(II)-induced liposome oxidation than cyanidin-3-rutinoside, which indicates an important role of the OH group in the B ring of delphinidin-3-rutinoside in its antioxidant action. The antioxidant activity of all the anthocyanins studied was higher than that of trolox in the case of Fe(II)-induced liposome oxidation and was comparable with the action of trolox in the case of UV- and AAPHinduced liposome membrane oxidation.

scholarly journals The Role of Signaling via Aqueous Pore Formation in Resistance Responses to Amphotericin B

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (9) ◽  
pp. 5122-5129 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Eleazar Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Amphotericin B ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Pore Formation ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
Ion Leakage ◽  
Ras Proteins ◽  
Polyene Antibiotic ◽  
Membrane Thinning ◽  
Thinning Effect

ABSTRACTDrug resistance studies have played an important role in the validation of antibiotic targets. In the case of the polyene antibiotic amphotericin B (AmB), such studies have demonstrated the essential role that depletion of ergosterol plays in the development of AmB-resistant (AmB-R) organisms. However, AmB-R strains also occur in fungi and parasitic protozoa that maintain a normal level of ergosterol at the plasma membrane. Here, I review evidence that shows not only that there is increased protection against the deleterious consequences of AmB-induced ion leakage across the membrane in these resistant pathogens but also that a set of events are activated that block the cell signaling responses that trigger the oxidative damage produced by the antibiotic. Such signaling events appear to be the consequence of a membrane-thinning effect that is exerted upon lipid-anchored Ras proteins by the aqueous pores formed by AmB. A similar membrane disturbance effect may also explain the activity of AmB on mammalian cells containing Toll-like receptors. These resistance mechanisms expand our current understanding of the role that the formation of AmB aqueous pores plays in triggering signal transduction responses in both pathogens and host immune cells.

Role of Lipid Polymorphism in Pulmonary Surfactant

Science ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 273 (5273) ◽  
pp. 330-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. R. Perkins ◽  
R. B. Dause ◽  
R. A. Parente ◽  
S. R. Minchey ◽  
K. C. Neuman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Surfactant ◽  
Lipid Polymorphism

scholarly journals Thermal and shock-wave effects of HIFU - effects on tissue-equivalent phantoms

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.V. Gryzunov ◽  
I.N. Gaponenko ◽  
A.V. Gunina ◽  
Y.V. Kim ◽  
S.A. Kuchinskaia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shock Wave ◽  
Thermal Field ◽  
Focused Ultrasound ◽  
Ultrasound Therapy ◽  
Ultrasound Exposure ◽  
Tissue Equivalent ◽  
Wave Effects ◽  
Heat Pattern ◽  
Destruction Zone

The nature of changes in the structure of the PAG-3 biophantome under the action of HIFU indicates the significance of shock-wave shifts involved in the formation of the heat pattern and the destruction zone. The thermal effect is accompanied by the accumulation of thermal energy, the limitation of the thermal field, which predetermines the therapeutic efficiency of focused ultrasound exposure, however, it is advisable to take into account the role of mechanical effects in focused ultrasound therapy.

Role of dactinomycin in the improved survival of children with Wilms' tumor

JAMA ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 195 (12) ◽  
pp. 1005-1009 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Fernbach
Keyword(s):  
Wilms Tumor

Role of the allergist in diagnosis and management of patients with uveitis

JAMA ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 195 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. E. Van Metre
Keyword(s):  
Diagnosis And Management

The power of norms to sway fused group members

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Winnifred R. Louis ◽  
Craig McGarty ◽  
Emma F. Thomas ◽  
Catherine E. Amiot ◽  
Fathali M. Moghaddam
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary Anthropology ◽  
Normative Systems ◽  
Violent Extremism ◽  
Identity Fusion ◽  
Group Members

AbstractWhitehouse adapts insights from evolutionary anthropology to interpret extreme self-sacrifice through the concept of identity fusion. The model neglects the role of normative systems in shaping behaviors, especially in relation to violent extremism. In peaceful groups, increasing fusion will actually decrease extremism. Groups collectively appraise threats and opportunities, actively debate action options, and rarely choose violence toward self or others.

Elaborating the role of reflection and individual differences in the study of folk-economic beliefs

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Arceneaux
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Behavioral Responses ◽  
History Of ◽  
Economic Beliefs

AbstractIntuitions guide decision-making, and looking to the evolutionary history of humans illuminates why some behavioral responses are more intuitive than others. Yet a place remains for cognitive processes to second-guess intuitive responses – that is, to be reflective – and individual differences abound in automatic, intuitive processing as well.

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