Prospective chemistry teachers' mental models of vapor pressure

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 366-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Halil Tümay
Keyword(s):  
Vapor Pressure ◽  
Mental Models ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
State University ◽  
Qualitative Comparison ◽  
Chemistry Teachers ◽  
Sufficient Detail ◽  
Vapor Equilibrium ◽  
Constant Comparative ◽  
Constant Comparative Analysis

The main purpose of this study was to identify prospective chemistry teachers' mental models of vapor pressure. The study involved 85 students in the Chemistry Teacher Training Department of a state university in Turkey. Participants' mental models of vapor pressure were explored using a concept test that involved qualitative comparison tasks. Additionally, 18 participants were interviewed to explore the mental models that emerged more deeply. The researcher analyzed responses using the constant comparative method to document participants' mental models and associated reasoning patterns in sufficient detail to be of practical use to instructors. Initial analysis of the data revealed that participants have many misconceptions about vapor pressure, which are similar to those reported in the literature. A more detailed constant comparative analysis revealed that these misconceptions derived mainly from three faulty mental models of vapor pressure: (1) vapor pressure of a liquid depends on the total number of vapor particles; (2) once the liquid–vapor equilibrium is established, the number of vapor particles is fixed and does not change regardless of the external effects on the system; and (3) vapor pressure is exerted only onto the surface of the liquid. The results have practical implications for teaching vapor pressure and science in general. By eliciting the underlying mental models of vapor pressure, these findings provide valuable insights for effective instructional interventions to address misconceptions.

scholarly journals Applying Constant Comparative and Discourse Analyses to Virtual Worlds Research

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Leong ◽  
Samuel R. H. Joseph ◽  
Rachel Boulay
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Virtual Worlds ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Video Recordings ◽  
Constant Comparative Method ◽  
World Class ◽  
Constant Comparative ◽  
Linguistic Units ◽  
Constant Comparative Analysis

This paper presents the basics of the constant comparative analysis and discourse analysis methods to research in virtual worlds.  Our data sources include video recordings of in-world class interactions; artifacts and documents such as students’ blog, and asynchronous discussion postings.  For data analysis, we use the constant comparative method as a tool for inductive analysis, and discourse analysis as a tool to discover patterns in discursive practices. The constant comparative method was originally developed for the use in grounded theory methodology, but is now more widely applied as a method of analysis in qualitative research. It requires the researcher to take one piece of data and compare it to all other pieces of data that are either similar or different, gradually identifying the salient differences. In contrast, discourse analysis examines the way in which sentences are combined in larger linguistic units, such as conversational exchanges or written texts. The critical analysis of discourse helps us extend and specify themes generated during constant comparative analysis.

Kesiapan Dosen Dalam Pelaksanaan Uji Objective Structured Clinical Examination (Osce) Program Studi D3 Keperawatan

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
Bejo Danang Saputra
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Focus Group Discussion ◽  
Clinical Examination ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Objective Structured Clinical Examination ◽  
Constant Comparative Method ◽  
Constant Comparative

Perencanaan pengembangan uji kompetensi perawat Indonesia akan dikembangkan  dengan metode OSCE.. Pelaksanaan uji OSCE membutuhkan persiapan yang matang, terutama kesiapan sumber daya manusia (SDM) dalam hal ini adalah dosen untuk melaksanakan uji OSCE. Mengetahui kesiapan SDM dalam pengembangan uji OSCE di Prodi D3 Keperawatan Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan (STIKES) Al-Irsyad Al-Islamiyyah Cilacap. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan rancangan studi kasus. Informan penelitian adalah 6 orang dosen dan Kepala Program Studi D3 keperawatan. Data diperoleh melalui, focus group discussion, wawancara mendalam dan studi dokumentasi. Data kemudian dianalisis dengan menggunakan constant comparative method. Penelitian menunjukan bahwa pengetahuan dosen tentang OSCE dan kompetensi berdasarkan pendidikan memenuhi persyaratan untuk pengembangan uji OSCE, namun masih membutuhkan pelatihan mengenai OSCE. Uji OSCE dapat diselenggarakan dengan melibatkan dosen dari prodi lain karena jumlah dosen di Prodi D3 Keperawatan  STIKES Al-Irsyad Al-Islamiyyah Cilacap belum memenuhi kebutuhan pelaksanaan uji OSCE. Hambatan penyelenggaraan OSCE adalah SDM belum terkoordinasi, belum terlatih dan keterbatasan sarana pendukun. Pengetahuan dan kompetensi dosen berdasarkan tingkat pendidikan memenuhi syarat dalam pengembangan OSCE dan OSCE dapat diselenggarakan dengan melibatkan dosen prodi lain.

scholarly journals Μία έρευνα-δράσης για την προώθηση της συμπεριληπτικής εκπαίδευσης, μέσω της καθολικής σχεδίασης για μάθηση και της ολικής ποιότητας, στην πρωτοβάθμια εκπαίδευση της Ελλάδας

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ιωάννα Μπακιρτζή
Keyword(s):  
Grounded Theory ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Constant Comparative Method ◽  
Constant Comparative

Η παρούσα διατριβή πραγματεύεται τρόπους προώθησης της Συμπεριληπτικής Εκπαίδευσης στην Πρωτοβάθμια Εκπαίδευση στην Ελλάδα. Ειδικότερα προτείνει την εφαρμογή της Καθολικής Σχεδίασης για Μάθηση και της Ολικής Ποιότητας στην Εκπαίδευση ως ένα δομημένο πλαίσιο στο οποίο προάγεται η φιλοσοφία της συμπερίληψης και οι αρχές της. Η μέθοδος που ακολουθήθηκε για τη διεξαγωγή της έρευνας εντάσσεται στους κόλπους της ποιοτικής ερευνητικής μεθόδου και συγκεκριμένα της έρευνας – δράσης. Επιπρόσθετα, αξιοποιήθηκαν στοιχεία της θεμελιωμένης θεωρίας (grounded theory), στην οποία βασίστηκε η ανάλυση και επεξεργασία των δεδομένων, που έγινε μέσω της συνεχούς συγκριτικής μεθόδου (constant comparative method). Όσον αφορά στη μεθοδολογία, έγινε χρήση του photovoice, της παρατήρησης, της συνέντευξης καθώς και του αναστοχαστικού ημερολογίου. Για την επίτευξη της εμπιστευσιμότητας εφαρμόστηκε μία πληθώρα στρατηγικών, η οποία στόχευε στην αξία της αλήθειας, στη μεταφερσιμότητα, στην αληθοφάνεια και την επιβεβαιωσιμότητα. Η έρευνα διεξήχθη σε ένα ελληνικό δημόσιο δημοτικό σχολείο και συμμετέχοντές της ήταν μαθητές του σχολείου, οι γονείς τους, οι εκπαιδευτικοί των αντίστοιχων τάξεων και η διευθύντρια.Η έρευνα χωρίστηκε σε τρία στάδια, με το καθένα να προκύπτει λόγω αναγκαιότητας από το προηγούμενο. Έτσι, διαμορφώθηκε το στάδιο της αρχικής αξιολόγησης της υπάρχουσας κατάστασης στο σχολείο με στόχο τη διερεύνηση του βαθμού ανάπτυξης της συμπεριληπτικής εκπαίδευσης, το στάδιο της παρέμβασης με βάση τις αρχές των φιλοσοφιών της καθολικής σχεδίασης για μάθηση και της ολικής ποιότητας και αυτό της τελικής αξιολόγησης της παρέμβασης.Τα αποτελέσματα φανέρωσαν τη δυναμική των δύο παραπάνω φιλοσοφιών για την προώθηση της συμπεριληπτικής εκπαίδευση. Η κάθε μία ξεχωριστά αλλά και σε συνδυασμό με την άλλη οδήγησαν στην εξάλειψη φαινομένων περιθωριοποίησης των μαθητών, στην αύξηση της συμμετοχής τους στο καθημερινό μάθημα και τις σχολικές δραστηριότητες, στην υπερπήδηση των εμποδίων και στην απόδοση ισότιμων ευκαιριών προς όλους. Θετικό αντίκτυπο είχε η παρέμβαση και προς τους γονείς οι οποίοι ήρθαν πιο κοντά στο σχολείο και είδαν τις ανάγκες τους να ικανοποιούνται, όπως και προς τους εκπαιδευτικούς, που ανέπτυξαν σχέσεις συνεργασίας και είδαν την αλλαγή τόσο στους μαθητές τους όσο και στο σύνολο του σχολείου.

scholarly journals The factors affecting the adjustment of a group of turkish dual diploma students in the usa: english proficiency and cultural differences

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ozgur Yildirim
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Cultural Differences ◽  
English Proficiency ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Educational Systems ◽  
State University ◽  
Adjustment Problems ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Constant Comparative Method ◽  
The Usa

The purpose of this qualitative study was to investigate the adjustment problems experienced by a group of Turkish dual diploma students studying in the USA. The participants of the study were 18 undergraduate Turkish students studying in the Environmental Engineering and Civil Engineering dual diploma programs offered by a state university in New York and a state university in Turkey. The data were collected by using 15 interview questions and were analyzed by using constant comparative method in which emerging categories were identified in the interview transcripts and themes were developed from those categories. Analysis of the data indicated six major categories of the factors affecting the adjustment problems: differences in educational systems of the two institutions; English proficiency; the unique design of the program; cultural differences between the two countries; tendency to form and stay in cliques of dual diploma students; and orientation.

scholarly journals PERSIAPAN PESERTA UJIAN MENGHADAPI UJI KOMPETENSI NASIONAL DIII KEBIDANAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 114-119
Author(s):  
Rahmah Fitria
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Method ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Exit Exam ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Self Directed Learning ◽  
Tutoring Program ◽  
Constant Comparative Method ◽  
Directed Learning ◽  
Constant Comparative

ABSTRACT   The objective of this study was to look at the phenomenon of participant’s efforts in preparation for the National Diploma III Midwifery National competency test. The National Competency Test is an effort to measure the final result in the form of an outcome as a standard for measuring the knowledge, skills, and behavior of students in health institutions. This research used a qualitative design with a phenomenological approach. Data collection using the Snowball Sampling technique and collected using in-depth interviews conducted in a semi-structure. Data analysis refers to the constant comparative method and reliability is believed using triangulation. The results of the study revealed that all parties agreed with the policy of holding a national competency test but the participants opposed being carried out as an exit exam. The preparation that the exam participants did to face the Diploma III Midwifery National competency test used 3 methods, they were the private institution tutoring program, Self Directed Learning, and Institutional Guidance.   Keywords: National Competency Test; Midwife Competency Test; Midwifery Diploma; Exam Preparation. ABSTRAK   Penelitian bertujuan melihat fenomena upaya persiapan peserta mempersiapkan diri menghadapi uji kompetensi nasional DIII Kebidanan. Uji Kompetensi Nasional adalah suatu upaya pengukuran hasil akhir berupa outcome sebagai standar untuk mengukur pengetahuan, keterampilan dan perilaku peserta didik pada institusi bidang kesehatan. Desain penelitian adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi. Pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik Snowball Sampling dan dikumpulkan dengan cara wawancara mendalam yang dilakukan secara semistruktur (Semistructure Interview). Analisis data mengacu pada constant comparative method dan kreabilitas diyakini dengan cara triangulasi. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa semua pihak setuju dengan kebijakan diadakan uji kompetensi nasional tetapi peserta ujian menentang dilaksanakan sebagai exit exam. Persiapan yang peserta ujian lakukan untuk menghadapi uji kompetensi nasional DIII Kebidanan menggunakan Tiga metode yaitu mengikuti program lembaga swasta bimbingan belajar, Self Directed Learning dan Bimbingan Institusi.   Kata kunci: Uji Kompetensi Nasional, Ukom Bidan, DIII Kebidanan, Persiapan Peserta Ujian.

scholarly journals ANALISIS KEMAMPUAN PEMECAHAN MASALAH MATEMATIS DITINJAU DARI RESILIENSI MATEMATIS SISWA SMP

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 187
Author(s):  
Rizqa Rahmatiya ◽  
Asih Miatun
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Method ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Constant Comparative Method ◽  
Constant Comparative

Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah matematis merupakan kemampuan yang penting dimiliki oleh siswa, karena kemapuan pemecahan masalah menjadi dasar bahkan marupakan tujuan umum dalam pembelajaran matematika. Sementara itu Resiliensi matematis dapat menunjang kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan dan menganalisis kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis ditinjau dari resiliensi matematis pada siswa SMP. Penelitian ini merupakan deskriptif kualitatif. Subjek yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini siswa kelas VII-B SMP Negeri 160 Jakarta. Subjek penelitian ini sebanyak 2 orang yang diambil menggunakan teknik purposive sampling Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan yaitu tes kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis, kuesioner resiliensi matematis dan pedoman wawancara. Validasi data menggunakan triangulasi waktu. Analisis data menggunakan metode perbandingan tetap (constant comparative method) dengan langkah (1) reduksi data dan kategorisasi; (2) penyajian data; (3) penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil analisis penelitian yaitu siswa yang memiliki resiliensi matematis yang tinggi memiliki kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis yang baik karena mampu mencapai langkah-langkah yang sistematis dan adanya rasa percaya diri dalam memecahkan masalah. Sedangkan Siswa yang memiliki resiliensi sedang masih kurang dalam kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematisnya, karena belum mampu mencapai langkah-lagkah yang sistematis dalam kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematis, kurang teliti dan cendrung menyerah bila dihadapkan soal yang sulit.

scholarly journals “Okay Okay Okay, Now the Video Is On”: An Analysis of Young Children’s Orientations to the Video Camera in Recordings of Family Interactions

2019 ◽  
pp. 18-41
Author(s):  
Sarah Barriage ◽  
Darcey K. Searles
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Method ◽  
Video Camera ◽  
Family Interactions ◽  
Video Recordings ◽  
Constant Comparative Method ◽  
Constant Comparative ◽  
Practical Implications

This paper explores 3- to 6-year-old children’s orientations to the video camera in video recordings of everyday family interactions. Children’s orientations to the video camera in these recordings were identified and analyzed using the constant comparative method. Types of orientations to the video camera included talking about the camera, engaging in camera-directed talk and/or action, and interacting with the camera. In some cases, these orientations occurred after a parent or sibling first oriented to the video camera; however, in other cases no prior orientation was evident. Theoretical and practical implications of the results are discussed.

scholarly journals Phenomenological Study of Shariah-Compliant Films as Da’wah Medium

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Rosmawati Mohamad Rasit ◽  
Nur Hazriani Razali
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Phenomenological Study ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Banking System ◽  
Muslim Students ◽  
Center Stage ◽  
Constant Comparative ◽  
Constant Comparative Analysis ◽  
Husband And Wife

The discussion of Shariah compliance in film provides the opportunity for the delivery of the message of da’wah (Islamic evangelism) through filmart. Nevertheless, the term sharia compliance in the film field is a newly discussed matter compared to sharia compliance in the banking system. Therefore, this study aims to analyze film audience’s perception towards the concept of sharia compliance. This study also examined the role of sharia compliance film as the medium of da’wah. It employed the phenomenology design that involved sampling with the aims to obtain study respondents. The 10 samples were UKM undergraduate and postgraduate Muslim students who like watching Malay films. The data were collected via focussed group discussion. This study employed constant comparative analysis in comparing data that convey meaning in answering the questions and objectives of the study. The findings showed that from the audience’s perception regarding sharia compliance, there were two categories of audience, which are negotiated reading and oppositional reading in interpreting meaning. The findings stated the respondents’ perception regarding the concept of sharia compliance that was discussed - ‘’Actions in film, socializing limit...the acting should preserve them but not too stiff...for example the scene where husband and wife sleeping together on a bed should be avoided. Frankly, the absent of such scene does not flaw the film.’’ The findings also found that the respondents agreed with the role of sharia compliance film as the medium of da’wah. It is hoped that this study contributes clarity to filmmakers regarding the concept of sharia compliance that could take center stage in da’wah film in Malaysia

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