Lipid monolayer disruption caused by aggregated carbon nanoparticles

RSC Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (15) ◽  
pp. 11676-11685 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nililla Nisoh ◽  
Mikko Karttunen ◽  
Luca Monticelli ◽  
Jirasak Wong-ekkabut
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory System ◽  
Carbon Nanoparticles ◽  
Pulmonary Surfactant ◽  
Lipid Monolayer ◽  
Biological Barrier ◽  
System P

Carbon nanoparticles (CNP) have significant impact on the Pulmonary Surfactant (PS), the first biological barrier in the respiratory system.

Interaction of Particles with the Pulmonary Interface: Effects on Surface Elasticity

2014 ◽  
Vol 658 ◽  
pp. 459-464
Author(s):  
Bogdan Munteanu ◽  
Yves Berthier ◽  
Jean Paul Rieu ◽  
Ana Maria Trunfio-Sfarghiu
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Surfactant ◽  
Adhesion Force ◽  
Surface Elasticity ◽  
Lipid Monolayer ◽  
Langmuir Trough ◽  
Severe Respiratory Distress ◽  
Supported Lipid Bilayer ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Surfactant Inhibition ◽  
Interface Effects

We present an experimental study of the interactions of negative and positive model particles and their influence on the surface elasticity of biomimetic pulmonary surfactant. In this purpose we have measured the adhesion force between negative (G) and positive (GS) particles and supported lipid bilayer by Atomic Force Spectroscopy. In addition, the modification in surface elasticity of lipid monolayer under quasistatic compression when interacting with negative and positive particles was investigated on a Langmuir trough. We found that, positive particles interact poorly with biomimetic pulmonary surfactant, therefore no modifications in surface elasticity were observed. Conversely, negative charged particles interact strongly with the biomimetic pulmonary surfactant, decreasing the surface elasticity. The results are directly relevant for understanding the interactions and the effects of particulate matter on pulmonary structures which could lead to pulmonary surfactant inhibition or deficiency causing severe respiratory distress or pathologies.

The respiratory system

2020 ◽  
pp. 249-272
Author(s):  
Anne Craig ◽  
Anthea Hatfield
Keyword(s):  
Vocal Cord ◽  
Respiratory System ◽  
Respiratory Obstruction ◽  
System P

This chapter discusses hypoxia and respiratory obstruction and the management of hypoventilation. Stridor and laryngospasm, laryngeal and vocal cord damage are described and ways of preventing these from occurring and treating them if they do occur are discussed. Aspiration and its complications and treatment are fully covered.

Preoperative assessment

2009 ◽  
pp. 31-44
Author(s):  
Abdullah Jibawi ◽  
David Cade
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Respiratory System ◽  
Preoperative Assessment ◽  
System P ◽  
System Assessment

Preoperative assessment - Assessment of cardiovascular system - Assessment of respiratory system

Therapy-related issues: respiratory system

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Wiffen ◽  
Marc Mitchell ◽  
Melanie Snelling ◽  
Nicola Stoner
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Respiratory System ◽  
Asthma Management ◽  
British Thoracic Society ◽  
System P ◽  
Reliever Medication

Asthma management in adults: British Thoracic Society and SIGN guidelines 390Inhaler techniques 392• Minimize symptoms during the day and night.• Minimize need for reliever medication.• No exacerbations.• No limitation on physical activity.• Achieve best possible pulmonary function.•...

Therapy-related issues: respiratory system

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Wiffen ◽  
Marc Mitchell ◽  
Melanie Snelling ◽  
Nicola Stoner
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Respiratory System ◽  
Asthma Management ◽  
British National Formulary ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
National Formulary ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
System P ◽  
Current Guidelines

This chapter outlines information relevant to clinical pharmacists related to respiratory system issues and is loosely based on the British National Formulary, Chapter 3. In particular, this chapter covers current guidelines on asthma management, including a section on inhaler techniques for different products, and management of stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

The respiratory system

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Thomas ◽  
Tanya Monaghan
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Patient ◽  
Respiratory System ◽  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
System P ◽  
General Appearance

IntroductionHistoryDyspnoeaCough and expectorationOther respiratory symptomsThe rest of the historyExaminationGeneral appearanceHands, face, and neckInspection of the chestPalpationPercussionAuscultationImportant presentationsThe elderly patient

Chest medicine

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murray Longmore ◽  
Ian B. Wilkinson ◽  
Andrew Baldwin ◽  
Elizabeth Wallin
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Respiratory System ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Chronic Asthma ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Lung Tumours ◽  
System P ◽  
Bedside Tests

Signs:Examining the respiratory system –Investigations:Bedside tests in chest medicineFurther investigations in chest medicinePulmonary conditions:PneumoniaSpecific pneumoniasComplications of pneumoniaBronchiectasisCystic fibrosis (cf)Fungi and the lungLung tumoursAsthmaManagement of chronic asthmaChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (...

The respiratory system

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthea Hatfield
Keyword(s):  
Vocal Cord ◽  
Respiratory System ◽  
Respiratory Obstruction ◽  
System P

This chapter discusses hypoxia and respiratory obstruction and the management of hypoventilation. Stridor and laryngospasm, laryngeal and vocal cord damage are described and ways of preventing these from occurring and treating them if they do occur are discussed. Aspiration and its complications and treatment are fully covered.

Respiratory System

2019 ◽  
pp. 485-530
Author(s):  
Olga Carvalho ◽  
John N. Maina
Keyword(s):  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Respiratory System ◽  
Exchange System ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Total Lung Volume ◽  
Disease Patterns ◽  
Long Distance Running ◽  
System P ◽  
Terrestrial Life ◽  
Gas Exchange System

The lung is the gas-exchange organ that provides oxygen and removes carbon dioxide from the blood. The environment in which animals live and their metabolic needs determine the evolved design of their gas exchange system. Gills are the primordial respiratory organs that evolved for water ‘breathing’, while other adaptive solutions evolved for bimodal breathing, that is, the ability to extract oxygen from both water and air. The transition to fully terrestrial life was accompanied by significant changes in dimensions of respiratory units (alveoli) which decreased in size, whereas the number of units and total lung volume increased, leading to more efficient gas exchange and oxygen supply. While the shape and make-up of lungs in humans suggest adaptations to long-distance running and possibly to the exposition of smoke caused by fire, the exposure of the human respiratory system to novel environments has brought about a diverse array of disease patterns, including lung cancer, autoimmune diseases, and infectious diseases.

The respiratory system

2021 ◽  
pp. 127-133
Author(s):  
Antoine Vieillard-Baron
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory System ◽  
Monitoring Device ◽  
Positive End Expiratory Pressure ◽  
System Monitoring ◽  
Airway Pressures ◽  
System P ◽  
Respiratory Management ◽  
Reliable Monitoring

The respiratory system is key to the management of patients with respiratory, as well as haemodynamic, compromise and should be monitored. The ventilator is more than just a machine that delivers gas; it is a true respiratory system monitoring device, allowing the measurement of airway pressures and intrinsic positive end-expiratory pressure and the plotting of pressure/volume curves. For effective and reliable monitoring, it is necessary to keep in mind the physiology such as the alveolar gas equation, heart–lung interactions, the equation of movement, etc. Monitoring the respiratory system enables adaptation of not only respiratory management, but also haemodynamic management.

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