Green chromatography-carbon footprint of columns packed with core–shell materials

RSC Advances ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (96) ◽  
pp. 53915-53920 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Safaei ◽  
Szymon Bocian ◽  
Bogusław Buszewski
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Organic Solvent ◽  
Organic Solvents ◽  
Carbon Footprint ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Core Shell ◽  
Rp Hplc ◽  
Green Chromatography

Acetonitrile and methanol are the most popular organic solvents employed in RP HPLC, so it is important to minimize the environmental impact of organic solvent and the use of environmentally friendly solvents.

scholarly journals What Is the Environmental Impact of Wine Entering Global Value Chains? Studying the Evolution of CO2 Emissions from the Export of Spanish Denomination of Origin Wines

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1664
Author(s):  
Juan Sebastián Castillo-Valero ◽  
Inmaculada Carrasco ◽  
Marcos Carchano ◽  
Carmen Córcoles
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Carbon Footprint ◽  
Environmental Performance ◽  
Service Provision ◽  
International Markets ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Continuous Growth ◽  
Wine Trade

The continuous growth of the international wine trade and the expansion of international markets is having significant commercial, but also environmental, impacts. The benefits of vineyards in terms of ecosystem service provision are offset by the increase in CO2 emissions generated by transportation. Denominations of Origin, as quality labels, emphasise a wine’s links to the terroir, where specific elements of culture and environment merge together. However, Denominations of Origin can also have differentiating elements as regards environmental performance. Drawing on an extended multiregional input–output model applied to the Spanish Denominations of Origin with the largest presence in the international wine trade, this study shows that wines with the greatest exporting tradition are those that most reduced their carbon footprint per litre of exported wine in the period 2005–2018, thus being the most environmentally efficient.

scholarly journals Dying to Go Green: The Introduction of Resomation in the United Kingdom

Religions ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 97
Author(s):  
Georgina M. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Carbon Footprint ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Alkaline Hydrolysis ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Religious Perspectives ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

In an age where concern for the environment is paramount, individuals are continuously looking for ways to reduce their carbon footprint—does this now extend to in one’s own death? How can one reduce the environmental impact of their own death? This paper considers various methods of disposing the human body after death, with a particular focus on the environmental impact that the different disposal techniques have. The practices of ‘traditional’ burial, cremation, ‘natural’ burial, and ‘resomation’ will be discussed, with focus on the prospective introduction of the funerary innovation of the alkaline hydrolysis of human corpses, trademarked as ‘Resomation’, in the United Kingdom. The paper situates this process within the history of innovative corpse disposal in the UK in order to consider how this innovation may function within the UK funeral industry in the future, with reference made to possible religious perspectives on the process.

Development and Validation of a Green Analytical Method for the Determination of Norfloxacin in Raw Material by FTIR Spectrophotometry

2016 ◽  
Vol 99 (6) ◽  
pp. 1533-1536 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jéssica Sayuri Hisano Natori ◽  
Eliane Gandolpho Tótoli ◽  
Hérida Regina Nunes Salgado
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Organic Solvents ◽  
Analytical Method ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Waste Generation ◽  
Ftir Spectrophotometry ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Development And Validation

Abstract Norfloxacin is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent, widely used in humans and animals for the treatment of urinary tract infections. It is a second-generation fluoroquinolone. Several analytical methods to analyze norfloxacin have been described in the literature. However, most of them are complex and require the use of large amounts of organic solvents. This paper describes the development and validation of a green analytical method for the determination of norfloxacin in raw material by FTIR spectrophotometry. This method does not require the use of organic solvents, minimizing waste generation in the process and its environmental impacts. The development of methods that promote the reduction, prevention, or elimination of waste generation has become highly attractive to the pharmaceutical industry because of the growing demand from civil society and government authorities for environmentally friendly products and services. The FTIR spectrophotometry method was validated according to International Conference on Harmonization guidelines, showing adequate linearity (r = 0.9936), precision, accuracy, and robustness. This validated method can be used as an environmentally friendly alternative for the quantification of norfloxacin in raw material in QC routine analysis.

scholarly journals Effects of Organic Solvent on Curing Behavior and Storage Stability for Waterborne Paint Containing Catalyst Encapsulated in Micelles

Coatings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 722
Author(s):  
Shuji Yomo
Keyword(s):  
Organic Solvent ◽  
Organic Solvents ◽  
Storage Stability ◽  
Dibutyltin Dilaurate ◽  
Film Properties ◽  
Surfactant Micelles ◽  
Catalytic Function ◽  
Hydrophilic Lipophilic Balance ◽  
Before And After ◽  
And Storage

In this study, a 2-pack isocyanate curing waterborne paint (without organic solvents) encapsulating dibutyltin dilaurate (hereinafter, DBTL) in nonionic surfactant micelles with an hydrophilic–lipophilic balance of 13–14 in advance releases DBTL when the micelles are collapsed at 80 °C or higher, whereby the curing progresses rapidly. On the other hand, the viscosity levels of the paint before and after being left at 40 °C for 1 h are almost the same. Organic solvents are mandatory for waterborne paints to provide paint and film properties, but they might collapse the micelles when they are formulated in the paint. In this study, we investigate whether the abovementioned paint containing organic solvents can develop switching functionality in terms of maintaining the storage stability at 40 °C and expressing a catalytic function at 80 °C to progress the curing. As a result, we find that if the solubility of the organic solvent in water at 20 °C is at least 10 g/100 mL and the boiling point is ≤200 °C, both curing and storage stability can be achieved.

scholarly journals The Ecological Footprint of COVID-19 mRNA Vaccines: Estimating Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Germany

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (14) ◽  
pp. 7425
Author(s):  
Peter Kurzweil ◽  
Alfred Müller ◽  
Steffen Wahler
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Carbon Footprint ◽  
Ecological Footprint ◽  
Vaccine Dose ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Road Transportation ◽  
Last Mile ◽  
Cooling Technology ◽  
Chain Organization ◽  
Last Mile Delivery

Compared to the medical, economic and social implications of COVID-19 vaccinations, little attention has been paid to the ecological balance to date. This study is an attempt to estimate the environmental impact of two mRNA vaccines in terms of CO2 equivalents with respect to their different freezing strategies and supply chain organization. Although it is impossible to accurately calculate the actual environmental impact of the new biochemical synthesis technology, it becomes apparent that transport accounts for up to 99% of the total carbon footprint. The emissions for air freight, road transportation and last-mile delivery are nearly as 19 times the emissions generated from ultra-deep freeze technologies, the production of dry ice, glass and medical polymers for packaging. The carbon footprint of a single mRNA vaccine dose injected into a patient is about 0.01 to 0.2 kg CO2 equivalents, depending on the cooling technology and the logistic routes to the vaccination sites in Germany.

Carbon footprint model for reverse logistics of waste disposal in interior design industry

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 889-906 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chih-Chin Liang ◽  
Jia-Ping Lee
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Interior Design ◽  
Waste Disposal ◽  
Carbon Footprint ◽  
Reverse Logistics ◽  
Corporate Image ◽  
Demolition Waste ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Analytical Results ◽  
Market Competitiveness

Purpose Due to the increasing awareness of the need to protect the environment, reverse logistics (RL) is being promoted to improve the ecological sustainability of production. RL can lower the costs of waste disposal, increase market competitiveness, and maintain a good corporate image. Hence, modern companies are focusing on environmental protection to demonstrate social responsibility. According to the OECD report of 2003, buildings consume 32 percent of resources, 12 percent of water, and 40 percent of energy worldwide, and the building waste comprises almost 40 percent of the all waste in the world. Therefore, controlling waste from the interior design sector may help slow global warming. This paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach This investigation models the current and new RL of disposing interior design waste in Taiwan. Modeling the carbon footprint (CF) of disposing interior design waste can help companies be aware of the environmental impact of disposing of waste, and how to improve it through RL. This investigation models the CFs of disposing interior design waste based on studies from Benjaafar et al. (2013), Pishvaee et al. (2009, 2010), and Tascione et al. (2014). Findings Analytical results showed that the RL significantly decreases the environmental impact of wastes. Companies can control carbon emission through the findings of this study and find how to improve their recycling process through RL. Research limitations/implications This study used the model proposed by Tascione et al. (2014) to develop an RL model for Taiwan. Whereas most studies in the literature analyze the carbon emissions from the comparison between cost and benefit, this study considered the logistics for the whole lifecycle of a product. The analytical results of this study reveal that that RL can reduce the environmental impact of wastes. This case study is the first to obtain results that can be extended to other countries. This study also reveals the importance of recycling plants that can process demolition waste for reuse. Originality/value This is the first study to model the RL based on literatures. The findings of this study can be extended to other cases.

Effects of organic solvents on immobilized enzyme catalyses. Chymotrypsin immobilized on porous glass

1981 ◽  
Vol 59 (19) ◽  
pp. 2921-2925 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Bryan Jones ◽  
Diana H. Pliura
Keyword(s):  
Organic Solvent ◽  
Organic Solvents ◽  
Porous Glass ◽  
Immobilized Enzyme ◽  
Butyl Alcohol ◽  
Solvent Concentration ◽  
Marked Contrast ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Tert Butyl Alcohol ◽  
Esterolytic Activity

The esterolytic activity of native chymotrypsin (CT) immobilized on ionically neutral porous glass beads has been studied in the presence of up to 20% (v/v) of the organic solvents methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol, tert-butyl alcohol, dioxane, and DMSO. In marked contrast to the variations observed with native CT, inhibition of CT immobilized on glass (CT–glass) was independent of the nature of the organic solvent. The overall activity, as indicated by kc(app)/km(app), decreased by 35–50% as the concentration of all solvents surveyed was increased up to 20%. In general, high organic solvent concentration accelerated the rate of protein release from the insoluble catalyst. For practical applications in aqueous organic solvents CT–glass conjugates are inferior to those of the enzyme attached to Sephadex.

scholarly journals Diverse resourcing of Nerium indicum leaves for bio-utilization

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (3 Part A) ◽  
pp. 1785-1793
Author(s):  
Dongli Ma ◽  
Yuanyuan Chen ◽  
Yong Lai ◽  
Zanpei Zhang ◽  
Ximei Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Solvent ◽  
Organic Solvents ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Food Additives ◽  
Ornamental Plant ◽  
Bioactive Ingredients ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Medicinal Properties ◽  
Alcohol Benzene

Nerium indicum is an ornamental plant that is widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions wordwide. It has toxic and medicinal properties which is closely related to the bioactive ingredients contained in Nerium indicum. In our research, the leaves of Nerium indicum was used as raw materials to study the chemical constituents and their effects. The chemical constituents of the leaves were analyzed by FT-IR and GC-MS with alcohol, benzene and acetone as organic solvents. A total of 73 compounds were obtained by acetone organic solvent, 25 compounds were extracted from benzene and 146 compounds were obtained from alcohol. Rich bioactive and bioenergy components were found in all three kinds of extract, suggesting that Nerium indicum leaves are of great significance for the diverse resourcing of bio-utilization including biomedicine, bioenergy, aroma, food additives.

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