Asymmetric transport of water molecules through a hydrophobic conical channel

RSC Advances ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (76) ◽  
pp. 40193-40198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiaye Su ◽  
Keda Yang ◽  
Hongxia Guo
Keyword(s):  
Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Water Molecules ◽  
Nanoscale Systems ◽  
Conical Channel

Unlike macroscale systems, symmetry breaking could lead to surprising results for nanoscale systems.

A Periodic Orbit Bifurcation Analysis of Vibrationally Excited Isotopologues of Sulfur Dioxide and Water Molecules: Symmetry Breaking Substitutions†

2010 ◽  
Vol 114 (36) ◽  
pp. 9836-9847 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederic Mauguiere ◽  
Michael Rey ◽  
Vladimir Tyuterev ◽  
Jaime Suarez ◽  
Stavros C. Farantos
Keyword(s):  
Sulfur Dioxide ◽  
Periodic Orbit ◽  
Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Bifurcation Analysis ◽  
Water Molecules ◽  
Vibrationally Excited

scholarly journals Influence Of The Size Of Colloid Nanorized Systems On The Luminescence Intensity Of Eu(III) And Tb(III) Complexes

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-24
Author(s):  
P.G. Doga ◽  
A.I. Marynin ◽  
A.V. Yegorova ◽  
Yu.V. Skripinets ◽  
V.P. Antonovich
Keyword(s):  
Coordination Sphere ◽  
Luminescence Intensity ◽  
Anionic Surfactants ◽  
Acid Amide ◽  
Complex Compounds ◽  
Average Lifetime ◽  
Water Molecules ◽  
Nanoscale Systems ◽  
Amide Derivative ◽  
Triton X

Optimal conditions for complexation of Tb(III) ions with norfloxacin, keterolac, 2-oxo-4-hydroxyquinoline-3-carboxylic acid amide derivative and Eu(III) with oxytetracycline were established. The dependence of the luminescence intensity (Ilum) of complexes on the acidity of the medium, the type of solvent, the luminescent characteristics of complex compounds were determined, the average lifetime of the excited state of europium and terbium ions in complex compounds in the presence and absence of cationic, anionic and nonionic substances, and the size of colloidal nanoscale systems based on these complexes is established. Analysis of the influence of the type of surfactants on the processes of excitation energy transformation in the complexes of Eu(III), Tb(III) with some drugs was studied by the method of dynamic light scattering. It was found that the luminescence intensity of colloidal nanoscale systems based on Tb(III) and Eu(III) complexes increases in the presence of cationic surfactants(СPC) and nonionic surfactant (Triton X-100), which is associated with a decrease in their size, although other factors may be involved: synergetic effects, displacement of water molecules from the internal coordination sphere of the complex and increasing the rigidity of the complex during coordination with surfactants. Exceptions are Eu – OxTc, Tb-R2, Tb-Nor complexes in the presence of anionic surfactants (SDS), the size of which increases, which can be explained by the formation of triple complexes. The intensity of their luminescence increases, because in these cases there is a displacement of water molecules from the internal coordination sphere of the complex in coordination with SDS.

Symmetry breaking in convergent-beam diffraction

1989 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 480-481
Author(s):  
D.J. Eaglesham
Keyword(s):  
Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Point Group ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Multiple Diffraction ◽  
Space Groups ◽  
Atomic Displacements ◽  
Small Probe ◽  
Phase Sensitive ◽  
Convergent Beam

Convergent Beam Electron Diffraction is now almost routinely used in the determination of the point- and space-groups of crystalline samples. In addition to its small-probe capability, CBED is also postulated to be more sensitive than X-ray diffraction in determining crystal symmetries. Multiple diffraction is phase-sensitive, so that the distinction between centro- and non-centro-symmetric space groups should be trivial in CBED: in addition, the stronger scattering of electrons may give a general increase in sensitivity to small atomic displacements. However, the sensitivity of CBED symmetry to the crystal point group has rarely been quantified, and CBED is also subject to symmetry-breaking due to local strains and inhomogeneities. The purpose of this paper is to classify the various types of symmetry-breaking, present calculations of the sensitivity, and illustrate symmetry-breaking by surface strains.CBED symmetry determinations usually proceed by determining the diffraction group along various zone axes, and hence finding the point group. The diffraction group can be found using either the intensity distribution in the discs

Centrosome Aurora A gradient ensures single polarity axis in C. elegans embryos

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 1243-1253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sukriti Kapoor ◽  
Sachin Kotak
Keyword(s):  
Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Cell Fate ◽  
Cell Cortex ◽  
Axis Formation ◽  
Aurora A Kinase ◽  
Aurora A ◽  
C Elegans ◽  
Cell Embryo ◽  
Polarity Establishment

Cellular asymmetries are vital for generating cell fate diversity during development and in stem cells. In the newly fertilized Caenorhabditis elegans embryo, centrosomes are responsible for polarity establishment, i.e. anterior–posterior body axis formation. The signal for polarity originates from the centrosomes and is transmitted to the cell cortex, where it disassembles the actomyosin network. This event leads to symmetry breaking and the establishment of distinct domains of evolutionarily conserved PAR proteins. However, the identity of an essential component that localizes to the centrosomes and promotes symmetry breaking was unknown. Recent work has uncovered that the loss of Aurora A kinase (AIR-1 in C. elegans and hereafter referred to as Aurora A) in the one-cell embryo disrupts stereotypical actomyosin-based cortical flows that occur at the time of polarity establishment. This misregulation of actomyosin flow dynamics results in the occurrence of two polarity axes. Notably, the role of Aurora A in ensuring a single polarity axis is independent of its well-established function in centrosome maturation. The mechanism by which Aurora A directs symmetry breaking is likely through direct regulation of Rho-dependent contractility. In this mini-review, we will discuss the unconventional role of Aurora A kinase in polarity establishment in C. elegans embryos and propose a refined model of centrosome-dependent symmetry breaking.

A Symmetry-Breaking Theory of False Pop Out

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberley D. Orsten ◽  
Mary C. Portillo ◽  
James R. Pomerantz
Keyword(s):  
Symmetry Breaking
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