scholarly journals Simple top-down preparation of magnetic Bi0.9Gd0.1Fe1−xTixO3 nanoparticles by ultrasonication of multiferroic bulk material

Nanoscale ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (23) ◽  
pp. 14336-14342 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Basith ◽  
D.-T. Ngo ◽  
A. Quader ◽  
M. A. Rahman ◽  
B. L. Sinha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Phase ◽  
Bulk Material ◽  
Hysteresis Loops ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Magnetization Behaviour

The M–H hysteresis loops of the synthesized nanoparticles exhibit a single-phase-like magnetization behaviour.

Electrical Characteristics and Microstructures of Eu2O3-Doped Bi4Ti3O12 Thin Films

2010 ◽  
Vol 177 ◽  
pp. 197-200
Author(s):  
X.A. Mei ◽  
Min Chen ◽  
K.L. Su ◽  
A.H. Cai ◽  
J. Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Remanent Polarization ◽  
Single Phase ◽  
Ferroelectric Properties ◽  
Hysteresis Loops ◽  
Differential Resistance ◽  
Rf Magnetron Sputtering ◽  
Electrical Characteristics ◽  
Si Substrates ◽  
Ferroelectric Hysteresis

Eu2O3-doped bismuth titanate (Bi1-xEuxTi3O12: BET) thin films with random oriention were fabricated on Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si substrates by rf magnetron sputtering technique, and the structures and ferroelectric properties of the films were investigated. XRD studies indicated that all of BET films consisted of single phase of a bismuth-layered structure with well-developed rod-like grains. For samples with x=0.0 , 0.25, 1.0 and 1.25, I-E characteristics exhibited negative differential resistance behaviors and their ferroelectric hysteresis loops were characterized by large leakage current, whereas for samples with x=0.5 and 0.75, I-E characteristics were simple ohmic behaviors and their ferroelectric hysteresis loops were the saturated and undistorted hysteresis loops. The remanent polarization (Pr) and coercive field (Ec) of the BET Film with x=0.75 were above 30μC/cm2 and 85KV/cm , respectively.

Structural and Magnetic Behaviour of Soft Magnetic Finemet-Type Ribbons

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 2912-2922
Author(s):  
N. Iturriza ◽  
L. Fernández ◽  
A. Chizhik ◽  
G. Vara ◽  
A. R. Pierna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Axial Magnetic Field ◽  
Bulk Material ◽  
Hysteresis Loops ◽  
Magnetic Behaviour ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Soft Magnetic ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Measuring Surface ◽  
Magneto Optical Kerr Effect

Different kinds of magnetic anisotropies have been induced during the nanocrystallization process of Co- and Ni-rich amorphous ferromagnetic (Finemet) ribbons by the application of a constant stress or an axial magnetic field during the annealing process. Magnetization measurements have evidenced the presence od macroscopic anisotropy in the treated samples. The main goal of this work has been, after a careful DSC study, the structural analysis of the treated ribbons using X-ray Diffraction and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), detecting substantial differences in the crystallization state and grain size of the samples depending on the thermal treatment that was carried out. Moreover, AFM measurements revealed in all the treated samples a strong nanocrystallisation of the surface without evidences of amorphous matrix, which contrast with XRD measurements that have shown a high content of amorphous phase in the bulk of the ribbons. Magneto-optical Kerr effect measurements have been performed with the aim to elucidate the complex magnetic behaviour that is expected for the surface of the ribbons, measuring surface hysteresis loops that showed much higher coercive field values than that obtained in the bulk material.

Ferroelectric Properties and Microstructures of Pr6O11-Doped Bi4Ti3O12 Thin Films

2010 ◽  
Vol 434-435 ◽  
pp. 281-284
Author(s):  
Min Chen ◽  
A.H. Cai ◽  
X.A. Mei ◽  
K.L. Su ◽  
Chong Qing Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Remanent Polarization ◽  
Single Phase ◽  
Bismuth Titanate ◽  
Ferroelectric Properties ◽  
Hysteresis Loops ◽  
Rf Magnetron Sputtering ◽  
Si Substrates ◽  
Large Leakage Current ◽  
Ferroelectric Hysteresis

Pr6O11-doped bismuth titanate (BixPryTi3O12: BPT) thin films with random oriention were fabricated on Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si substrates by rf magnetron sputtering technique, and the structures and ferroelectric properties of the films were investigated. XRD studies indicated that all of BPT films consisted of single phase of a bismuth-layered structure with well-developed rod-like grains. For samples with y=0.06, 0.3, 1.2 and 1.5, ferroelectric hysteresis loops were characterized by large leakage current, whereas for samples with y=0.6 and 0.9, ferroelectric hysteresis loops were the saturated and undistorted hysteresis loops. The remanent polarization ( Pr ) and coercive field (Ec) of the BPT Film with y=0.9 were above 35μC/cm2 and 80KV/cm , respectively. After 3×1010 switching cycles, 20% degradation of 2Pr is observed in the film with y=0.9.

Modelling of nonlinear inductor exhibiting hysteresis loops and its application to the single phase parallel inverters

1983 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 2189-2191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Saito ◽  
H. Saotome ◽  
S. Hayano ◽  
T. Yamamura
Keyword(s):  
Single Phase ◽  
Hysteresis Loops

THE MAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF SINGLE-PHASE (Bi,Pb2)2Sr2Ca2Cu3Oy SUPERCONDUCTORS

1990 ◽  
Vol 04 (05) ◽  
pp. 347-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
YU MEI ◽  
S. M. GREEN ◽  
A. E. MANZI ◽  
H. L. LUO ◽  
C. POLITIS
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Properties ◽  
Magnetic Flux ◽  
Flux Pinning ◽  
Single Phase ◽  
Hysteresis Loops ◽  
Pinning Force ◽  
Flux Trapping ◽  
High Fields ◽  
Critical Model ◽  
Flux Pinning Force

Experimental results of shielding current and Meissner effects, magnetic flux-trapping and hysteresis loops of single-phase Bi 2−x Pb x Sr 2 Ca 2 Ca 3 O y (x = 0.2 and 0.4) superconductors are presented. At 5 K, the (Bi, Pb)–Sr–Ca–Cu–oxides display a highly irreversible behavior but at 30 and 77 K, the magnetization becomes more reversible in the high fields and the hysteresis is smaller in comparison with YBCO. For x = 0.4, the values of critical current density J c (H = 1500 Oe ) at 5 and 30 K are estimated by the critical model to be 8000 and 2300 A/cm 2, respectively. The value of J c (H = 250 Oe ) at 77 K is 400 A/cm 2. The low J c values indicates the weaker flux-pinning force in (Bi,Pb)–Sr–Ca–Cu–oxides than in YBCO. The value of the lower critical field H c1 (0) obtained from M(H) curves is 410 Oe for single-phase x = 0.2 material.

PHENOMENOLOGICAL EQUATIONS FOR THE MAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF La0.7-xNdxPb0.3MnO3 COMPOUNDS

2007 ◽  
Vol 21 (18n19) ◽  
pp. 3437-3441
Author(s):  
C. R. OU ◽  
S. L. YOUNG ◽  
H. Z. CHEN ◽  
M. C. KAO ◽  
C. H. LIN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Properties ◽  
Phenomenological Model ◽  
Single Phase ◽  
Magnetic Hysteresis ◽  
Hysteresis Loops ◽  
Magnetization Process ◽  
Fabrication Method ◽  
Experiment Data ◽  
Hysteresis Behavior ◽  
Phenomenological Equations

Polycrystalline single phase oxides, La 0.7-x Nd x Pb 0.3) MnO 3 (0.3≤x≤0.7), have been synthesized by a standard ceramic fabrication method. A phenomenological model is proposed to describe the magnetization process, and to fit the experiment data of hysteresis loops under different composition ratio. The magnetic hysteresis behavior can be modeled by the formula of [Formula: see text]. The resulted model can satisfy the experiment data ranging from 0.005T to 5T. Explanations on the fitting coefficients of these compounds are addressed.

Facile Mechanochemical Synthesis and Magnetic Properties of pervoskite YCrxFe1-xO3, (0≤x≤1).

2012 ◽  
Vol 1397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vijayalaxmi MalagaReddy ◽  
Binod Rai ◽  
Sanjay Mishra ◽  
Chaunbing Rong ◽  
J Liu
Keyword(s):  
Single Phase ◽  
Magnetic Measurements ◽  
Hysteresis Loops ◽  
Chloride Salt ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Mechanochemical Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Cr Content ◽  
Cr Doping ◽  
Fe Ions

ABSTRACTSingle-phase samples of YCrxFe1−xO3 were synthesized by a mechanochemical method. X-ray diffraction data show linear reduction in the lattice parameters of YCrxFe1−xO3 perovskites with the Cr content, indicating that Cr ions substitute for Fe ions to form a solid solution. Magnetic measurements show hysteresis loops at 5K. The substitution of Cr for Fe enhances the magnetization for up to x=0.33 Cr doping level. For higher doping levels, 0.33<x<1, the system behaves as a frustrated system. At x=1, YCrO3 behaves as a week ferromagnet with TN ~140 K. The chloride salt based machenochemical method offers simple synthesis route for the synthesis of pure multiferroic compounds.

Dynamical Nonlinearities in Piezoelectric Materials

2007 ◽  
Vol 1034 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eira Seppälä ◽  
Virpi Korpelainen ◽  
Kari Ojasalo ◽  
Matti Sarjala ◽  
Mikko Alava ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bulk Material ◽  
Piezoelectric Materials ◽  
Hysteresis Loops ◽  
Sample Surface ◽  
Electric Polarization ◽  
Ferroelectric Materials ◽  
Laser Vibrometer ◽  
Ginzburg Landau ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Quenched Randomness

AbstractDynamical nonlinearities in piezoelectric materials have been investigated over different time and frequency scales using four different methods; measurements of displacement and electric polarization of bulk material, measurements of nanometer scale surface structure of the material by an atomic force microscope (AFM), and numerical modelling of ferroelectric materials with quenched randomness. Laser vibrometer measurements of the deformations of piezoelectric materials, d31 type PZT and PMN-PT sheets, have been done under sinusoidal voltage loading with different frequencies. This yields information about the dynamical hysteresis behavior, such as the area of the hysteresis loops as a function of the applied frequency f and voltage amplitude. Similarly the hysteresis loops have been measured for the electric polarization of the same samples. Relaxation behaviors of the same materials have been measured by an AFM. Topography of the piezo sheets was measured after applied DC voltage, indicating slow collective changes in the polarization close and at the sample surface. To investigate the time-dependent hysteresis, we have studied numerically a Ginzburg-Landau-Devonshire (GLD) model for ferroelectric materials including dilution type quenched randomness. Quantities studied include the area of the hysteresis loop, of the polarization in the material, and the coercive electric field Ec as a function of the frequency f, both as a function of the disorder strength.

Processing and Characterisation of Single‐Phase Superconducting Thin Films in the Bi‐Sr‐Ca‐Cu‐O System from Chemical Precursors

1989 ◽  
Vol 169 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. J. Golden ◽  
T. E. Bloomer ◽  
F. F. Lange ◽  
A. M. Segadaes ◽  
K. J. Vaidya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Thin Films ◽  
Solid Solution ◽  
Single Phase ◽  
Bulk Material ◽  
Superconducting Thin Films ◽  
Film Properties ◽  
Ethyl Hexanoate ◽  
Film Study ◽  
Solid Solution Range

AbstractThin films in the Bi‐Sr‐Ca‐Cu‐O system have been synthesized from liquid ethyl hexanoate precursors by spin pyrolysis. An extensive solid solution range was determined for the two Cu‐layer phase through the study of c‐axis oriented, single‐phase thin films fabricated on single‐crystal MgO (100). Extensive cation non‐stoichiometry was observed in all cases. The variation of important thin film properties with composition within the solid solution range have been described.Utilising the results from the thin film study together with data relating to liquid formation in mixtures of bulk material a working model describing the formation of the two‐layer phase has been formulated. The two‐layer phase is formed as the result of precipitation from a fugitive liquid at temperatures exceeding 730 *C.

Co-Ferrite (CoFe2O4): A Material with High Magnetostriction Produced by Sol-Gel Method

2011 ◽  
Vol 326 ◽  
pp. 157-164
Author(s):  
Nasir Mehmood ◽  
Roland Grössinger ◽  
Rieko Sato Turtelli ◽  
Muhammad Aamir Raza ◽  
Sohail Afzal Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saturation Magnetization ◽  
Single Phase ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Hysteresis Loops ◽  
Xrd Pattern ◽  
Gel Method ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Phase Spinel

Polycrystalline Co-ferrite was produced by modified citrate gel method. Samples were afterward heat treated at different temperatures upto 1300°C. The XRD pattern shows that all samples exhibit a single phase spinel structure and improvement and sharpness in intensity of peaks with increasing annealing temperature. Measurement of hysteresis loops demonstrate that after the heat treatment a saturation magnetization of 60- 84 emu/gis obtained. Measurements of the longitudinal magnetostriction gave values between 20 ppm and 130 ppm. Magnetostriction increases gradually with increase in annealing temperature and becomes highest when the saturation magnetization values are larger.

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