Influence of electrotaxis on cell behaviour

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 817-830 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Cortese ◽  
Ilaria Elena Palamà ◽  
Stefania D'Amone ◽  
Giuseppe Gigli
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Cell Migration ◽  
Cancer Metastasis ◽  
Cell Behaviour ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Neuron Guidance

Understanding the mechanism of cell migration and interaction with the microenvironment is not only of critical significance to the function and biology of cells, but also has extreme relevance and impact on physiological processes and diseases such as morphogenesis, wound healing, neuron guidance, and cancer metastasis.

The Influence of Polymeric Fiber Stiffness and Alignment on Cytoplasmic Bleb Dynamics and Migration of Glioblastoma Multiforme Cells

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Puja Sharma ◽  
Kevin Sheets ◽  
Amrinder S. Nain
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Wound Healing ◽  
Cell Migration ◽  
Glioblastoma Multiforme ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Cancer Metastasis ◽  
Hallmarks Of Cancer ◽  
Multistep Process ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Polymeric Fiber

Cell migration is a tightly regulated phenomenon necessary for regular physiologic processes such as wound healing, immune response, embryonic development, growth, and regeneration [1–3]. Consequences of abnormal migratory behaviors include autoimmune diseases and metastasis during cancer progression [4, 5]. Described as one of the hallmarks of cancer, metastasis is a complex multistep process, and is responsible for 90% of cancer deaths in humans. A better understanding of the process of metastasis is of paramount importance in developing efficient cancer treatment therapies and drugs [6].

scholarly journals Protrusive and retractive structures formed during cell migration

2018 ◽  
Vol 72 ◽  
pp. 392-405
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Kuzan ◽  
Olga Michel
Keyword(s):  
Cell Migration ◽  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Cancer Metastasis ◽  
Cell Movement ◽  
Actin Binding ◽  
Structural Protein ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Direction Of Movement ◽  
Environment Perception ◽  
Almost All

Cell migration is essential to many physiological processes; however, it is also a cause of cancer metastasis formation and other pathological phenomena. Due to structural and functional variety of cells, a variety of structures formed by the cell membrane, which are designed to initiate or maintain cell movement, are observed. The work describes 12 such structures: lamellipodium, lamellum, filopodium, microspikes, blebs, lobopodium, invadopodium, podosomes, dorsal and peripheral ruffles, pseudopodium and uropodium. We described a characteristics of the structure, mechanism of its formation and occurrence. The key structural protein of almost all of these structures is actin, its polymerization pushes the cell membrane in the direction of movement. Formation of a specific protrusion depends on the actin binding proteins which regulate the process of G actin association to the filaments. For example, Arp2/3 determines the formation of branched filaments, which results in the formation of wide, flat lamellipodium, and fascin enables the formation of long bundles, which results in filopodia formation. On the other hand, there is also an actin-independent way of movement, called amoeboid, in which myosin plays a central role and on the cell surface appear vesicular structures called blebs. Some structures are associated with proteolytic activity, particularly invadopodia and podosomes, through which the cells can degrade extracellular matrix and penetrate deeper into the tissues. These structures not only allow the extension of the cell body to enable migration, but they can also be involved in the environment perception, serve as mechanosensors and interact with other cells. The control of the formation of protrusive structures is of great importance in oncology, immunology and cardiovascular medicine.

Ion Channels and Transporters on the Move

Physiology ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albrecht Schwab
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Cell Migration ◽  
Ion Channels ◽  
Crucial Role ◽  
Immune Defense ◽  
Cell Locomotion ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Tumor Metastases ◽  
Mechanisms Of Migration

Cell migration plays a crucial role in a variety of (patho)physiological processes such as immune defense, wound healing, and formation of tumor metastases. Detailed models have been developed to describe cytoskeletal mechanisms of migration. However, evidence is accumulating that the activity of ion channels and transporters is also required for optimal cell locomotion.

Collective Cell Migration: A Mechanistic Perspective

Physiology ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 370-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sri Ram Krishna Vedula ◽  
Andrea Ravasio ◽  
Chwee Teck Lim ◽  
Benoit Ladoux
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Cell Migration ◽  
Social Behavior ◽  
Cancer Metastasis ◽  
Collective Cell Migration ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
The Social ◽  
Holistic Understanding ◽  
Broad Overview

Collective cell migration is fundamental to gaining insights into various important biological processes such as wound healing and cancer metastasis. In particular, recent in vitro studies and in silico simulations suggest that mechanics can explain the social behavior of multicellular clusters to a large extent with minimal knowledge of various cellular signaling pathways. These results suggest that a mechanistic perspective is necessary for a comprehensive and holistic understanding of collective cell migration, and this review aims to provide a broad overview of such a perspective.

Transient mechanical interactions between cells and viscoelastic extracellular matrix

Soft Matter ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brandon Matthew Slater ◽  
Jing Li ◽  
Dhiraj Indana ◽  
Yihao Xie ◽  
Ovijit Chaudhuri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Wound Healing ◽  
Cell Migration ◽  
Actin Cytoskeleton ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Contractile Forces ◽  
Surrounding Extracellular Matrix

During various physiological processes, such as wound healing and cell migration, cells continuously interact mechanically with a surrounding extracellular matrix (ECM). Contractile forces generated by the actin cytoskeleton are transmitted...

scholarly journals Connexin43 controls N-cadherin transcription during collective cell migration

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Kotini ◽  
Elias H. Barriga ◽  
Jonathan Leslie ◽  
Marc Gentzel ◽  
Alexandra Schambony ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Migration ◽  
Gap Junctions ◽  
Neural Crest ◽  
Cancer Metastasis ◽  
Embryonic Cell ◽  
Collective Cell Migration ◽  
List Type ◽  
Cellular Processes ◽  
Physiological Processes

AbstractConnexins are the primary components of gap junctions, providing direct links between cells in many physiological processes, including cell migration and cancer metastasis. Exactly how cell migration is controlled by gap junctions remains a mystery. To shed light on this, we investigated the role of Connexin43 in collective cell migration during embryo development using the neural crest, an embryonic cell population whose migratory behavior has been likened to cancer invasion. We discovered that Connexin43 is required for contact inhibition of locomotion by directly regulating the transcription of N-cadherin. For this function, the Connexin43 carboxy tail interacts with Basic Transcription Factor 3, which mediates its translocation to the nucleus. Together, they bind to the n-cad promotor regulating n-cad transcription. Thus, we uncover an unexpected, gap junction-independent role for Connexin43 in collective migration that illustrates the possibility that connexins, in general, may be important for a wide variety of cellular processes that we are only beginning to understand.HighlightsCx43 regulates collective directional migration of neural crest cellsCx43 carboxy tail controls cell polarity via n-cad regulationCx43 carboxy tail localises at the nucleus and that depends on BTF3BTF3 and Cx43 carboxy tail directly interact to bind and regulate n-cad promoter activity

scholarly journals Ca2+Signaling in Cytoskeletal Reorganization, Cell Migration, and Cancer Metastasis

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng-Chiao Tsai ◽  
Guan-Hung Kuo ◽  
Shu-Wei Chang ◽  
Pei-Ju Tsai
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Cell Migration ◽  
Cell Motility ◽  
Cancer Metastasis ◽  
Leading Edge ◽  
Signaling Molecules ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Cytoskeletal Reorganization ◽  
The Right ◽  
Persistent Cell

Proper control of Ca2+signaling is mandatory for effective cell migration, which is critical for embryonic development, wound healing, and cancer metastasis. However, how Ca2+coordinates structural components and signaling molecules for proper cell motility had remained elusive. With the advance of fluorescent live-cell Ca2+imaging in recent years, we gradually understand how Ca2+is regulated spatially and temporally in migrating cells, driving polarization, protrusion, retraction, and adhesion at the right place and right time. Here we give an overview about how cells create local Ca2+pulses near the leading edge, maintain cytosolic Ca2+gradient from back to front, and restore Ca2+depletion for persistent cell motility. Differential roles of Ca2+in regulating various effectors and the interaction of roles of Ca2+signaling with other pathways during migration are also discussed. Such information might suggest a new direction to control cancer metastasis by manipulating Ca2+and its associating signaling molecules in a judicious manner.

scholarly journals A Wound-Healing Assay Based on Ultraviolet Light Ablation

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shang-Ying Wu ◽  
Yung-Shin Sun ◽  
Kuan-Chen Cheng ◽  
Kai-Yin Lo
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Cell Migration ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Cell Monolayer ◽  
Wound Healing Process ◽  
Collective Cell Migration ◽  
Wound Healing Assay ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Free Region ◽  
A Cell

Collective cell migration plays important roles in many physiological processes such as embryonic development, tissue repair, and angiogenesis. A “wound” occurs when epithelial cells are lost and/or damaged due to some external factors, and collective cell migration takes place in the following wound-healing process. To study this cellular behavior, various kinds of wound-healing assays are developed. In these assays, a “wound,” or a “cell-free region,” is created in a cell monolayer mechanically, chemically, optically, or electrically. These assays are useful tools in studying the effects of certain physical or chemical stimuli on the wound-healing process. Most of these methods have disadvantages such as creating wounds of different sizes or shapes, yielding batch-to-batch variation, and damaging the coating of the cell culture surface. In this study, we used ultraviolet (UV) lights to selectively kill cells and create a wound out of a cell monolayer. A comparison between the current assay and the traditional scratch assay was made, indicating that these two methods resulted in similar wound-healing rates. The advantages of this UV-created wound-healing assay include fast and easy procedure, high throughput, and no direct contact to cells.

A Photoactivable Formaldehyde Donor with Fluorescence Monitoring Reveals Threshold to Arrest Cell Migration

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lukas P Smaga ◽  
Nicholas W Pino ◽  
Gabriela E Ibarra ◽  
Vishnu Krishnamurthy ◽  
Jefferson Chan
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Cell Migration ◽  
Fluorescence Enhancement ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Cellular Systems ◽  
Live Cells ◽  
First Report ◽  
Cell Lysate ◽  
Intracellular Release ◽  
Biological Analytes

Controlled light-mediated delivery of biological analytes enables the investigation of highly reactivity molecules within cellular systems. As many biological effects are concentration dependent, it is critical to determine the location, time, and quantity of analyte donation. In this work, we have developed the first photoactivatable donor for formaldehyde (FA). Our optimized photoactivatable donor, photoFAD-3, is equipped with a fluorescence readout that enables monitoring of FA release with a concomitant 139-fold fluorescence enhancement. Tuning of photostability and cellular retention enabled quantification of intracellular FA release through cell lysate calibration. Application of photoFAD-3 uncovered the concentration range necessary for arresting wound healing in live cells. This marks the first report where a photoactivatable donor for any analyte has been used to quantify intracellular release.

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