scholarly journals Dimethyl carbonate and switchable anionic surfactants: two effective tools for the extraction of polyhydroxyalkanoates from microbial biomass

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 1047-1056 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiara Samorì ◽  
Marina Basaglia ◽  
Sergio Casella ◽  
Lorenzo Favaro ◽  
Paola Galletti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Dimethyl Carbonate ◽  
Anionic Surfactants ◽  
Chemical Recycling ◽  
Toxic Compounds ◽  
Microbial Biomass P

DMC and SAS successfully extracted PHAs from bacteria. Polymer recovery and chemical recycling were excellent, the use of toxic compounds was avoided.

LONG-TERM LAND USE INFLUENCES SOIL MICROBIAL BIOMASS P AND S, PHOSPHATASE AND ARYLSULFATASE ACTIVITIES, AND S MINERALIZATION IN A BRAZILIAN OXISOL

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 397-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elcio L. Balota ◽  
Ines F. Yada ◽  
Higo Amaral ◽  
Andre S. Nakatani ◽  
Richard P. Dick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Soil Microbial Biomass ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
S Mineralization ◽  
Microbial Biomass P

Residues from a buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum) green manure crop grown with phosphate rock influence bioavailability of soil phosphorus

2010 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 257-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
M M Arcand ◽  
D H Lynch ◽  
R P Voroney ◽  
P. van Straaten
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Green Manure ◽  
Phosphate Rock ◽  
Fagopyrum Esculentum ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Olsen P ◽  
P Concentration ◽  
Microbial Biomass P ◽  
P Supply

Low soil test phosphorus (P) concentrations are common in organically managed soils in Canada. This field study examined the effect of residues from a buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum) green manure (GM) crop grown with an igneous and a sedimentary source of phosphate rock (PR) on in situ soil P supply, Olsen P, and soil microbial biomass P on an organic farm in Ontario, Canada. Phosphate rock application did not increase GM dry matter production, but did increase above-ground tissue P concentration with applications of the sedimentary PR (Calphos). In the following spring, in situ soil P supply and Olsen P were increased in GM residue-applied soils and in soils containing the Calphos PR, while microbial biomass P was largely unaffected. Release of P was detected when GM P concentration was greater than 2.9 g P kg-1. The results suggest the quality of the GM residues had more influence on P availability than the quantity applied to the soil; however, the low changes in available P (P supply and Olsen P) were not agronomically significant. Key words: Phosphate rock, soil phosphate supply, Olsen P, organic agriculture, green manure

scholarly journals Influence of aerobic treated manure application on the chemical and microbiological properties of soil

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. e1104
Author(s):  
Adriana Montañez ◽  
Natalia Rigamonti ◽  
Silvana Vico ◽  
Carla Silva ◽  
Lucía Nuñez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Microbial Biomass Carbon ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Soil Enzyme ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Microbial Biomass P ◽  
Properties Of Soil ◽  
Microbiological Properties

Aim of study: This study evaluated the effect of the application of liquid aerobic treated manure (continuous liquid composting, CLC) on physical, chemical and biological soil properties, with the objective of monitoring changes induced by soil management with CLC as a biofertilizer.Area of study: Colonia, Uruguay (lat. 34,338164 S, long. 57,222630 W).Material and methods: Soil’s chemical properties, including nitrogen mineralization potential (NMP) and 15 microbiological properties (microbial biomass carbon, MBC; mesophylic aerobic bacteria; actinobacteria; filamentus fungi; fluorescein diacetate hydrolysis; dehydrogenase; with NMP; acid and alkaline phosphatase; cellulolose degraders; P-solubilizing bacteria; nitrifying; denitrifying and free-living N-fixing microorganisms; glomalin; and soil-pathogenicity index, SPI) were evaluated in two sites with similar cropping history, with one and three years of respective CLC application.Main results: CLC application had significant effects on soil microbial biomass (p<0.05), soil enzyme (p<0.1) and functional groups activity (p<0.05). SPI decreased in both sites with CLC application. No significant variations were detected for the chemical variables, with the exception of NMP, which was significantly high (p<0.05) in soil treated with CLC at both sites.Research highlights: The improved biological soil properties analyzed (MBC, soil enzyme activities and SPI, together with NMP) emerged as reasonable indicators to assess and monitor the effects of CLC application.

Warming and nitrogen deposition accelerate soil phosphorus cycling in a temperate meadow ecosystem

Soil Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 109
Author(s):  
Shiwei Gong ◽  
Tao Zhang ◽  
Jixun Guo
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Phosphatase Activity ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
N Deposition ◽  
Available P ◽  
N Addition ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Microbial Biomass P ◽  
Total P ◽  
P Cycle

Phosphorus (P) is an essential element for living organisms and a major limiting factor in many ecosystems. In recent years, global warming and nitrogen (N) deposition have become increasingly serious, with significant effects on the P cycle in terrestrial ecosystems. A series of studies were carried out on the soil P cycle, but how climate change affects this remains unclear. Field experiments with warming and N addition were implemented since April 2007. Infrared radiators manipulated temperature, and aqueous ammonium nitrate (10 g m–2 year–1) was added to simulate N deposition. Compared with the control, N addition reduced soil total P; warming and N addition decreased soil available P; warming, N addition and warming plus N addition decreased microbial biomass P, but increased litter P; and warming and N addition increased phosphatase activity significantly. Correlation analysis showed that soil total P, available P, microbial biomass P and phosphatase activity were positively correlated with soil temperature and water content. Soil total P was positively correlated with microbial biomass P and phosphatase activity; and available P was positively correlated with microbial biomass P but negatively correlated with litter P. The results showed that warming and N deposition accelerated the soil P cycle by changing soil physical and chemical properties and soil biological activities (microbial and phosphatase activities). However, N addition reduced the capacity of microbes to fix P and reduced microbial biomass P, resulting in losses to the soil P pool, further aggravating P limitation in the Songnen Grassland ecosystem.

Minimum available N requirement for microbial biomass P formation in a regosol

1999 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 797-802 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenji Kouno ◽  
Hasta Pratopo Lukito ◽  
Tadao Ando
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Available N ◽  
Microbial Biomass P ◽  
N Requirement

scholarly journals Adding Intercropping Maize and Faba Bean Root Residues Increases Phosphorus Bioavailability in a Calcareous Soil Due to Organic Phosphorus Mineralization

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Liao ◽  
Chaochun Zhang ◽  
Hans Lambers ◽  
Fusuo Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Faba Bean ◽  
Calcareous Soil ◽  
Organic Phosphorus ◽  
P Availability ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Bean Root ◽  
P Content ◽  
Microbial Biomass P

Abstract Background and aims Root residues are an important factor influencing soil phosphorus (P) availability for crop uptake, but how the residues from different species combinations in sole cropping or intercropping systems affect soil P pools remains unclear. Methods Maize and faba bean were planted as either sole crops or intercrops in a P-deficient calcareous soil with and without addition of corresponding previous crop (pre-crop) roots. This was repeated in three cultivations cycles in a greenhouse experiment. Plants sampled in each experiment were analyzed for biomass and P content, and soils sampled from all treatments in the last cultivation were analyzed for soil characteristics. Results Addition of a mixture of intercrop root residues increased biomass, total P content, microbial biomass P concentration and soil acid phosphatase activity, compared with addition of root residues of a single crop. The Hedley soil P fractions from three continuous cultivation cycles differed, depending on root residue source. The sole maize root residue with high C/P ratio caused a considerable depletion of inorganic P (NaHCO3-Pi, NaOH-Pi and 1 M HCl-Pi), and the sole faba bean root residue with lower C/P ratio caused a large depletion in Resin-P and NaHCO3-Po fractions, and the root residue of intercrops with a medium C/P ratio depleted more of the NaHCO3-Po and conc. HCl-Po fractions. However, without root residues, sole faba bean depleted more of the Resin-P, NaHCO3-Pi, NaOH-Pi and NaHCO3-Po fractions than the other two cropping systems did because of its higher P content. Conclusions Adding root residues of mixed species accelerated soil organic P mineralization (NaHCO3-Po and conc. HCl-Po) by increasing microbial biomass P concentrations and acid phosphatase activities, and thus enhanced the intercropping advantage in terms of biomass and P content in a P-deficient soil.

scholarly journals Fate of phosphorus fertilizer in acidic Cambisol assessed using 33P isotope labeling technique

2019 ◽  
pp. 32-42
Author(s):  
Deejay Maranguit ◽  
Yakov Kuzyakov
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Isotope Labeling ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
P Availability ◽  
P Fertilizer ◽  
Microbial Biomass P ◽  
C And N ◽  
Labeling Approach ◽  
P Fertilizers

Direct 33P labeling approach is a very powerful technique that has high sensitivity in tracing the fate of added phosphorus (P) fertilizers across various P pools. Nonetheless, only a few studies have used this approach. This study traced the fate of applied P fertilizer in acidic P-limited soil using the 33P labeling approach.The incorporation of 33P-labeled KH2PO4 in available P (PAEM), microbial biomass P (Pmic) and Fe/Al-bound P (PNaOH) pools was followed in Cambisol as influenced by C and N sources applied as glucose and ammonium sulfate, respectively.Results showed that not all of the added P fertilizer remains in available pool; instead, it was distributed to poorly-available pools. Fast, almost instantaneous P fixation by the Fe and Al oxides and immobilization by microbial uptake were recorded.Applying glucose boosts microbial growth and demand for P, resulting in increased 33P recovery. High 33P recovery in Pmic (20% of the applied 33P) and in PNaOH (45% of applied 33P) showed the dominance of P immobilization by microorganisms and adsorption by Fe and Al oxides on the fate of P in an acidic soil. Nevertheless, these can contribute to long-term P availability after the turnover of microbial biomass and desorption of fixed P.

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