The influence of hydrogen peroxide and hydrogen on the corrosion of simulated spent nuclear fuel

2015 ◽  
Vol 180 ◽  
pp. 283-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayuri Razdan ◽  
David W. Shoesmith
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Fuel ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Spent Nuclear Fuel ◽  
Corrosion Potential ◽  
Surface Oxidation ◽  
Metal Particles ◽  
Chemical Dissolution ◽  
Convective Conditions ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Irreversible Oxidation

The synergistic influence between H2O2 and H2 on the corrosion of SIMFUEL (simulated spent nuclear fuel) has been studied in solutions with and without added HCO3−/CO32−. The response of the surface to increasing concentrations of added H2O2 was monitored by measuring the corrosion potential in either Ar or Ar/H2-purged solutions. Using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy it was shown that the extent of surface oxidation (UV + UVI content) was directly related to the corrosion potential. Variations in corrosion potential with time, redox conditions, HCO3−/CO32− concentration, and convective conditions showed that surface oxidation induced by H2O2 could be reversed by reaction with H2, the latter reaction occurring dominantly on the noble metal particles in the SIMFUEL. For sufficiently large H2O2 concentrations, the influence of H2 was overwhelmed and irreversible oxidation of the surface to UVI occurred. Subsequently, corrosion was controlled by the chemical dissolution rate of this UVI layer.

scholarly journals An X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy study of the products of the interaction of gaseous IrF6 with fine UO2F2

2007 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Prusakov ◽  
Yury Teterin ◽  
Nikolai Trotsenko ◽  
Konstantin Maslakov ◽  
Anton Teterin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Fuel ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Spent Nuclear Fuel ◽  
Model Reaction ◽  
Special Treatment ◽  
Spectroscopy Study ◽  
Gaseous Mixtures ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Sorption Column ◽  
Fuel Reprocessing

Nuclear fuel reprocessing by fluorination, a dry method of regeneration of spent nuclear fuel, uses UO2F2 for the separation of plutonium from gaseous mixtures. Since plutonium requires special treatment, IrF6 was used as a thermodynamic model of PuF6. The model reaction of the interaction of gaseous IrF6 with fine UO2F2 in the sorption column revealed a change of color of the sorption column contents from pale-yellow to gray and black, indicating the formation of products of such an interaction. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy study showed that the interaction of gaseous IrF6 with fine UO2F2 at 125 ?C results in the formation of stable iridium compounds where the iridium oxidation state is close to Ir3+. The dependence of the elemental compositions of the layers in the sorption column on the penetration depth of IrF6 was established.

scholarly journals Non-Thermal Plasma-Modified Ru-Sn-Ti Catalyst for Chlorinated Volatile Organic Compound Degradation

Catalysts ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1456
Author(s):  
Yujie Fu ◽  
You Zhang ◽  
Qi Xin ◽  
Zhong Zheng ◽  
Yu Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Treatment ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Surface Oxidation ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Chlorinated Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Doped Titania

Chlorinated volatile organic compounds (CVOCs) are vital environmental concerns due to their low biodegradability and long-term persistence. Catalytic combustion technology is one of the more commonly used technologies for the treatment of CVOCs. Catalysts with high low-temperature activity, superior selectivity of non-toxic products, and resistance to chlorine poisoning are desirable. Here we adopted a plasma treatment method to synthesize a tin-doped titania loaded with ruthenium dioxide (RuO2) catalyst, possessing enhanced activity (T90%, the temperature at which 90% of dichloromethane (DCM) is decomposed, is 262 °C) compared to the catalyst prepared by the conventional calcination method. As revealed by transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, N2 adsorption, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and hydrogen temperature-programmed reduction, the high surface area of the tin-doped titania catalyst and the enhanced dispersion and surface oxidation of RuO2 induced by plasma treatment were found to be the main factors determining excellent catalytic activities.

Revealing the mechanism of the early stages of Ni–W RABiTS oxidation

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (12) ◽  
pp. 2362-2370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrey V. Blednov ◽  
Oleg Yu. Gorbenko ◽  
Dmitriy P. Rodionov ◽  
Andrey R. Kaul
Keyword(s):  
Internal Oxidation ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Oxidation Mechanism ◽  
Surface Oxidation ◽  
Surface Region ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Precise Position ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Phase And Chemical Composition

The early stages of surface oxidation of biaxially textured Ni–W tapes were studied using thermodynamic calculations along with experimental tape oxidation at low P(O2). Tape phase and chemical composition, surface morphology, and roughness were examined using x-ray diffraction (XRD), energy-dispersive x-ray analysis (EDX), secondary ion mass spectroscopy (SIMS), x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and atomic force microscopy (AFM). For a Ni0.95W0.05 alloy tape, the precise position of the tape oxidation line in P(O2)–T coordinates was established. This line includes a break at T ≈ 650 °C that originates from the change of the W oxidation mechanism from internal oxidation to oxidation on a free surface accompanied by segregation of the alloy components in the tape near-surface region. The surface roughness of a polished tape increased drastically during internal oxidation of W; further tape oxidation did not affect the integral roughness parameters, but introduced numerous small (˜;100 nm) features on the tape surface comprising NiO precipitates.

Surface oxidation of Al–Cr–Fe alloys characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

2001 ◽  
Vol 173 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 327-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Demange ◽  
J.W. Anderegg ◽  
J. Ghanbaja ◽  
F. Machizaud ◽  
D.J. Sordelet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Surface Oxidation ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Fe Alloys

Synthesis of Aerogel-Metal Cluster Composites by Gamma Radiolysis

2002 ◽  
Vol 740 ◽  
Author(s):  
Massimo F. Bertino ◽  
Jared F. Hund ◽  
Guohui Zhang ◽  
Chariklia Sotiriou-Leventis ◽  
Nicholas Leventis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Metal Clusters ◽  
Metal Cluster ◽  
Surface Oxidation ◽  
Colloidal Suspensions ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Au Clusters

ABSTRACTNoble metal clusters (Ag, Au) were formed in a silica aerogel matrix by gamma irradiation of hydrogel precursors loaded with aqueous solutions containing Ag+ or [AuCl4]- ions. Hydrogels exposed to gamma rays assumed the color expected for colloidal suspensions of Ag (respectively Au) clusters. The hydrogels were subsequently washed and supercritically dried, without any evident change in color, indicating that the metal clusters were not removed during drying. Typical gamma ray doses were between 3 and 3.5 kGy, and achieved complete reduction of hydrogels containing metal ion concentrations in the 10-4-10-3 M range. Metal clusters in the aerogel monoliths were characterized with optical absorption, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. These techniques have shown that the clusters have a crystalline fcc structure. Au clusters consist of pure Au, while surface oxidation of Ag clusters was observed with XPS.

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