Theory, practice and prospects of X-ray and neutron scattering for lignocellulosic biomass characterization: towards understanding biomass pretreatment

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 436-455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gang Cheng ◽  
Xin Zhang ◽  
Blake Simmons ◽  
Seema Singh
Keyword(s):  
Neutron Scattering ◽  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Lignocellulosic Biomass ◽  
Small Angle ◽  
Small Angle Scattering ◽  
Biomass Pretreatment ◽  
Biomass Recalcitrance ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Angle Scattering ◽  
Biomass Characterization

We present a detailed analysis of application of wide and small angle scattering techniques to study the structures of cellulose and lignin which are relevant to biomass recalcitrance.

Quantification of the information in small-angle scattering data

2014 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 2000-2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Cramer Pedersen ◽  
Steen Laugesen Hansen ◽  
Bo Markussen ◽  
Lise Arleth ◽  
Kell Mortensen
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Neutron Scattering ◽  
Ray Tracing ◽  
Information Content ◽  
Small Angle ◽  
Small Angle Scattering ◽  
Scattering Data ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Angle Scattering ◽  
Wide Range

Small-angle X-ray and neutron scattering have become increasingly popular owing to improvements in instrumentation and developments in data analysis, sample handling and sample preparation. For some time, it has been suggested that a more systematic approach to the quantification of the information content in small-angle scattering data would allow for a more optimal experiment planning and a more reliable data analysis. In the present article, it is shown how ray-tracing techniques in combination with a statistically rigorous data analysis provide an appropriate platform for such a systematic quantification of the information content in scattering data. As examples of applications, it is shown how the exposure time at different instrumental settings or contrast situations can be optimally prioritized in an experiment. Also, the gain in information by combining small-angle X-ray and neutron scattering is assessed. While solution small-angle scattering data of proteins and protein–lipid complexes are used as examples in the present case study, the approach is generalizable to a wide range of other samples and experimental techniques. The source code for the algorithms and ray-tracing components developed for this study has been made available on-line.

Small-angle scattering studies of the pore structure of polymer-modified portland cement pastes

1990 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 1281-1284 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. M. Castaño ◽  
P. W. Schmidt ◽  
H. G. Hörnis
Keyword(s):  
Portland Cement ◽  
Neutron Scattering ◽  
Pore Structure ◽  
Small Angle ◽  
Small Angle Scattering ◽  
Cement Pastes ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Angle Scattering ◽  
Gel Porosity

Small-angle x-ray and neutron scattering experiments were performed in several polymer-containing portland cement pastes with the same w/c ratio. The nature of the results is discussed in terms of the role of the polymer upon the properties of the materials. A comparison with other works seems to indicate that the capillary pores are strongly affected whereas the gel porosity remains unchanged by the polymer solutions.

scholarly journals A small-angle scattering environment for in situ ultrasound studies

Soft Matter ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (25) ◽  
pp. 5283-5293 ◽  
Author(s):  
David S. Li ◽  
Yi-Ting Lee ◽  
Yuyin Xi ◽  
Ivan Pelivanov ◽  
Matthew O’Donnell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neutron Scattering ◽  
Small Angle ◽  
Small Angle Scattering ◽  
Ultrasound Studies ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Angle Scattering ◽  
Scattering Measurements ◽  
Sample Environment

We designed and tested a calibrated ultrasound sample environment for in situ small-angle X-ray and neutron scattering measurements.

Neutron and X-ray small-angle scattering with Fe-based metallic glasses

1988 ◽  
Vol 97 ◽  
pp. 227-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Lamparter ◽  
S. Steeb ◽  
D.M. Kroeger ◽  
S. Spooner
Keyword(s):  
Metallic Glasses ◽  
Small Angle ◽  
Small Angle Scattering ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Angle Scattering

Dimensions de micelles mixtes de p-alkylbenzènesulfonates par diffusion central des rayons X

1977 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Cabos ◽  
P. Delord ◽  
J. Rouviere
Keyword(s):  
Small Angle ◽  
Small Angle Scattering ◽  
Micellar Solutions ◽  
Probable Structure ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Absolute Scale ◽  
Angle Scattering ◽  
Scattering Measurements ◽  
Two Component ◽  
Most Probable Structure

The structure of micellar solutions is determined from X-ray small-angle scattering measurements on an absolute scale. The most probable structure is chosen by comparison with spherical cylindrical and lamellar models. This method is applied to two-component micelles and it is possible to follow the variation of micellar dimensions when the concentration of each component is varying.

Evidence of polyion hydration from X-ray and neutron small-angle scattering experiments

1981 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 225-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Pleštil ◽  
J. Mikeš ◽  
K. Dušek ◽  
Ju. M. Ostanevich ◽  
A. B. Kunchenko
Keyword(s):  
Small Angle ◽  
Small Angle Scattering ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Angle Scattering ◽  
Neutron Small Angle Scattering

X‐ray small‐angle scattering analysis of porous silicon layers

1989 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 625-628 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Goudeau ◽  
A. Naudon ◽  
G. Bomchil ◽  
R. Herino
Keyword(s):  
Porous Silicon ◽  
Small Angle ◽  
Small Angle Scattering ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Angle Scattering

Information retrieval from X-ray small-angle scattering with polychromatic (`white') synchrotron radiation

1983 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Glatter ◽  
P. Laggner
Keyword(s):  
Synchrotron Radiation ◽  
Small Angle ◽  
Particle Shape ◽  
Structural Information ◽  
Small Angle Scattering ◽  
Radius Of Gyration ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Angle Scattering ◽  
Slit Length ◽  
Hinge Bending

The possibilities of obtaining structural information from X-ray small-angle scattering experiments with `white' polychromatic synchrotron radiation using line collimation are investigated by numerical simulation. Theoretical scattering curves of geometrical models were smeared with the appropriate wavelength distributions and slit-length functions, afflicted by statistical noise, and then evaluated by identical methods as normally used for experimental data, as described previously [program ITP; Glatter (1977). J. Appl. Cryst. 10, 415–421]. It is shown that even for a wavelength distribution of 50% half width, the information content is not limited to the parameters derived from the central part of the scattering curves, i.e. the radius of gyration and the zero-angle intensity, but also allows qualitative information on particle shape via the distance distribution function p(r). By a `hinge-bending model' consisting of two cylinders linked together at different angles it is demonstrated that changes in the radius of gyration amounting to less than 5% can be detected and quantified, and the qualitative changes in particle shape be reproduced.

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