Mononuclear complexes of amide-based ligands containing appended functional groups: role of secondary coordination spheres on catalysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 43 (39) ◽  
pp. 14865-14875 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deepak Bansal ◽  
Gulshan Kumar ◽  
Geeta Hundal ◽  
Rajeev Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Bonding ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Heterogeneous Catalysts ◽  
Coordination Complexes ◽  
Organic Transformations ◽  
Mononuclear Complexes ◽  
Coordination Spheres

Coordination complexes of amide-based ligands with appended heterocyclic rings create a hydrogen bonding cavity that effectively binds the substrate(s). Such cavity-based complexes function as reusable and heterogeneous catalysts for various organic transformations.

Role of Functional Groups in Strengthening Polymer−Polymer Interfaces:  Random Copolymers with Hydrogen-Bonding Functionalities

1998 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 994-1002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian D. Edgecombe ◽  
Jean M. J. Fréchet ◽  
Zhihua Xu ◽  
Edward J. Kramer
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Bonding ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Random Copolymers ◽  
Polymer Interfaces

The Synthesis and Application of Functionalized Mesoporous Silica SBA-15 as Heterogeneous Catalyst in Organic Synthesis

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghodsi Mohammadi Ziarani ◽  
Shima Roshankar ◽  
Fatemeh Mohajer ◽  
Alireza Badiei
Keyword(s):  
Mesoporous Silica ◽  
Heterogeneous Catalyst ◽  
Organic Synthesis ◽  
Lewis Acid ◽  
Heterogeneous Catalysts ◽  
Organic Transformations ◽  
Functionalized Mesoporous Silica ◽  
Silica Nanomaterials ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Target Molecules

Abstract:: Mesoporous silica nanomaterials provide an extraordinary advantage for making new and superior heterogeneous catalysts because of their surface silanol groups. The functionalized mesoporous SBA-15, such as acidic, basic, BrÖnsted, lewis acid, and chiral catalysts, are used for a wide range of organic synthesis. The importance of the chiral ligands, which were immobilized on the SBA-15, was mentioned in this review to achieve chiral products as valuable target molecules. Herein, their synthesis and application in different organic transformations are reviewed from 2016 till date 2020.

Organocatalyzed Heterocyclic Transformations In Green Media: A Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 07 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neslihan Demirbas ◽  
Ahmet Demirbas
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Bonding ◽  
Phase Transfer ◽  
Noncovalent Interactions ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Chemical Transformations ◽  
Organic Transformations ◽  
Phase Transfer Catalysts ◽  
Waste Production ◽  
Synthetic Methodologies ◽  
Organocatalytic Reactions

Background: Since the discovery of metal-free catalysts or organocatalysts about twenty years ago, a number of small molecules with different structures have been using to accelerate organic transformations. With the development of environmental awareness, in order to obtain highly privileged scaffolds, scientists have directed their studies towards the synthetic methodologies which minimize or preferably eliminate the formation of waste, avoid from toxic solvents and reagents and use renewable starting materials as far as possible. Methods: In this connection, the organocatalytic reactions providing efficiency and selectivity for most of case have become an endless topic in organic chemistry since several advantages from both practical and environmental standpoints. Organocatalysts supplying transformation of reactants into products with the least possible waste production have been serving to the concept of green chemistry. Results and Conclusion: Organocatalysts have been classified on the basis of their binding capacity to the substrate with covalently or noncovalent interactions involving hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interaction. Diverse types of small organic compounds including proline and its derivatives, phase-transfer catalysts, (thio)urease, phosphoric acids, sulfones, N-oxides, guanidines, cinchona derivatives, aminoindanol and amino acids have been utilized as hydrogen bonding organocatalysts in different chemical transformations.

Environmental DNA for functional diversity

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Taberlet ◽  
Aurélie Bonin ◽  
Lucie Zinger ◽  
Eric Coissac
Keyword(s):  
Functional Groups ◽  
Functional Diversity ◽  
Environmental Dna ◽  
Soil Organisms ◽  
Meaningful Information ◽  
Dna Metabarcoding ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
Target Community

Chapter 10 “Environmental DNA for functional diversity” discusses the potential of environmental DNA to assess functional diversity. It first focuses on DNA metabarcoding and discusses the extent to which this approach can be used and/or optimized to retrieve meaningful information on the functions of the target community. This knowledge usually involves coarsely defined functional groups (e.g., woody, leguminous, graminoid plants; shredders or decomposer soil organisms; pathogenicity or decomposition role of certain microorganisms). Chapter 10 then introduces metagenomics and metatranscriptomics approaches, their advantages, but also the challenges and solutions to appropriately sampling, sequencing these complex DNA/RNA populations. Chapter 10 finally presents several strategies and software to analyze metagenomes/metatranscriptomes, and discusses their pros and cons.

The localized electron: magnetic properties

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Pierre Launay ◽  
Michel Verdaguer
Keyword(s):  
Single Molecule ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Ferromagnetic Coupling ◽  
Single Chain ◽  
Single Molecule Magnets ◽  
Magnetic Systems ◽  
Orbital Interactions ◽  
Prussian Blue Analogues ◽  
Mononuclear Complexes

After preliminaries about electron properties, and definitions in magnetism, one treats the magnetism of mononuclear complexes, in particular spin cross-over, showing the role of cooperativity and the sensitivity to external perturbations. Orbital interactions and exchange interaction are explained in binuclear model systems, using orbital overlap and orthogonality concepts to explain antiferromagnetic or ferromagnetic coupling. The phenomenologically useful Spin Hamiltonian is defined. The concepts are then applied to extended molecular magnetic systems, leading to molecular magnetic materials of various dimensionalities exhibiting bulk ferro- or ferrimagnetism. An illustration is provided by Prussian Blue analogues. Magnetic anisotropy is introduced. It is shown that in some cases, a slow relaxation of magnetization arises and gives rise to appealing single-ion magnets, single-molecule magnets or single-chain magnets, a route to store information at the molecular level.

scholarly journals The Role of Peptides in the Design of Electrochemical Biosensors for Clinical Diagnostics

Biosensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 246
Author(s):  
Patrick Severin Sfragano ◽  
Giulia Moro ◽  
Federico Polo ◽  
Ilaria Palchetti
Keyword(s):  
Functional Groups ◽  
Synthetic Peptides ◽  
Clinical Diagnostics ◽  
Electrochemical Biosensors ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Design And Development ◽  
Electrode Surfaces ◽  
Electrochemical Transducers ◽  
Target Analyte

Peptides represent a promising class of biorecognition elements that can be coupled to electrochemical transducers. The benefits lie mainly in their stability and selectivity toward a target analyte. Furthermore, they can be synthesized rather easily and modified with specific functional groups, thus making them suitable for the development of novel architectures for biosensing platforms, as well as alternative labelling tools. Peptides have also been proposed as antibiofouling agents. Indeed, biofouling caused by the accumulation of biomolecules on electrode surfaces is one of the major issues and challenges to be addressed in the practical application of electrochemical biosensors. In this review, we summarise trends from the last three years in the design and development of electrochemical biosensors using synthetic peptides. The different roles of peptides in the design of electrochemical biosensors are described. The main procedures of selection and synthesis are discussed. Selected applications in clinical diagnostics are also described.

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