scholarly journals Graphene-based nanocomposites for energy storage and conversion in lithium batteries, supercapacitors and fuel cells

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nasir Mahmood ◽  
Chenzhen Zhang ◽  
Han Yin ◽  
Yanglong Hou
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Energy Storage ◽  
Lithium Batteries ◽  
Energy Storage And Conversion

scholarly journals Caffeinated Interfaces Enhance Alkaline Hydrogen Electrocatalysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saad Intikhab ◽  
Luis Rebollar ◽  
Yawei Li ◽  
Rahul Pai ◽  
Vibha Kalra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Energy Storage ◽  
Hydrogen Oxidation ◽  
Molecular Engineering ◽  
Energy Storage And Conversion ◽  
Liquid Interfaces ◽  
Potential Cycling ◽  
Alkaline Fuel Cells ◽  
Pt Electrodes ◽  
Solid Liquid

<p>The high Pt loading required for hydrogen oxidation (HOR) and evolution (HER) reactions in alkaline fuel cells and electrolyzers adversely impacts the system cost. Here, we demonstrate the use of caffeine as a ‘double-layer dopant’ to enhance both the HER and HOR of Pt electrodes in base. HER/HOR rates increase by fivefold on Pt(111) and are accelerated on Pt(110), Pt(pc), and Pt/C as well. FTIR spectroscopy confirms that caffeine is adsorbed at the Pt surface, forming a self-limiting film through electrochemical deposition. Caffeine films are stable up to 1.0 V vs. RHE and are readily regenerated through caffeine deposition during load/potential cycling. The findings presented here both identify a potential catalyst additive that can mitigate high Pt loadings in alkaline fuel cells and electrolyzers while opening the door to molecular engineering of solid/liquid interfaces for energy storage and conversion.</p>

scholarly journals Special Section on Mechanics of Electrochemical Energy Storage and Conversion

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
Dibakar Datta ◽  
Partha Mukherjee ◽  
Wilson K. S. Chiu
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Energy Storage ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Stress Generation ◽  
Electrochemical Energy Storage ◽  
Energy Storage And Conversion ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Electrochemical Energy

Abstract The increasing population growth, depletion of natural resources, and rising energy demand have sparked enormous research endeavors in electrochemical energy storage and conversion. For example, rechargeable lithium-ion batteries are ubiquitous in everyday life. Mechanics plays a critical role in designing a wide range of energy technologies. The emerging field of electro-chemo-mechanics, the interplay of mechanics and electrochemistry, is crucial for understanding the coupled physiochemical processes. The electrochemical phenomena can govern the mechanical response such as stress generation, deformation, fracture initiation/propagation, elasticity, plasticity, etc. Similarly, mechanical phenomena also influence the electrochemical properties such as device reliability, durability, etc. Therefore, the in-depth mechanical study of electrochemical systems is urgently necessary for fundamental science and technological applications. Over the past few years, there has been significant progress in modeling, theories, and experimental characterizations of mechanical aspects of energy storage and conversion. This timely special issue addressed some recent advances in electro-chemo-mechanics. We have selected eight papers covering a wide range of issues in batteries and fuel cells such as (i) deformation, microstructural changes, creep, overcharge detection and prevention, optimization of structural parameters in batteries, (ii) temperature and load variations, metal-free cathode catalyst in fuel cells. The selected papers cover a gamut of electrochemical-mechanics centric research in energy storage and conversion.

scholarly journals Caffeinated Interfaces Enhance Alkaline Hydrogen Electrocatalysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saad Intikhab ◽  
Luis Rebollar ◽  
Yawei Li ◽  
Rahul Pai ◽  
Vibha Kalra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Energy Storage ◽  
Hydrogen Oxidation ◽  
Molecular Engineering ◽  
Energy Storage And Conversion ◽  
Liquid Interfaces ◽  
Potential Cycling ◽  
Alkaline Fuel Cells ◽  
Pt Electrodes ◽  
Solid Liquid

<p>The high Pt loading required for hydrogen oxidation (HOR) and evolution (HER) reactions in alkaline fuel cells and electrolyzers adversely impacts the system cost. Here, we demonstrate the use of caffeine as a ‘double-layer dopant’ to enhance both the HER and HOR of Pt electrodes in base. HER/HOR rates increase by fivefold on Pt(111) and are accelerated on Pt(110), Pt(pc), and Pt/C as well. FTIR spectroscopy confirms that caffeine is adsorbed at the Pt surface, forming a self-limiting film through electrochemical deposition. Caffeine films are stable up to 1.0 V vs. RHE and are readily regenerated through caffeine deposition during load/potential cycling. The findings presented here both identify a potential catalyst additive that can mitigate high Pt loadings in alkaline fuel cells and electrolyzers while opening the door to molecular engineering of solid/liquid interfaces for energy storage and conversion.</p>

scholarly journals Research Progress on Applications of Polyaniline (PANI) for Electrochemical Energy Storage and Conversion

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhihua Li ◽  
Liangjun Gong
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Energy Storage ◽  
Composite Structures ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Carbon Materials ◽  
Rechargeable Batteries ◽  
Electrochemical Energy Storage ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Energy Storage And Conversion ◽  
Electrochemical Energy

Conducting polyaniline (PANI) with high conductivity, ease of synthesis, high flexibility, low cost, environmental friendliness and unique redox properties has been extensively applied in electrochemical energy storage and conversion technologies including supercapacitors, rechargeable batteries and fuel cells. Pure PANI exhibits inferior stability as supercapacitive electrode, and can not meet the ever-increasing demand for more stable molecular structure, higher power/energy density and more N-active sites. The combination of PANI and other active materials like carbon materials, metal compounds and other conducting polymers (CPs) can make up for these disadvantages as supercapacitive electrode. As for rechargeable batteries and fuel cells, recent research related to PANI mainly focus on PANI modified composite electrodes and supported composite electrocatalysts respectively. In various PANI based composite structures, PANI usually acts as a conductive layer and network, and the resultant PANI based composites with various unique structures have demonstrated superior electrochemical performance in supercapacitors, rechargeable batteries and fuel cells due to the synergistic effect. Additionally, PANI derived N-doped carbon materials also have been widely used as metal-free electrocatalysts for fuel cells, which is also involved in this review. In the end, we give a brief outline of future advances and research directions on PANI.

scholarly journals New Perspectives on Fuel Cell Technology: A Brief Review

Membranes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norazlianie Sazali ◽  
Wan Norharyati Wan Salleh ◽  
Ahmad Shahir Jamaludin ◽  
Mohd Nizar Mhd Razali
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Energy Storage ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Direct Methanol Fuel Cells ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Energy Storage And Conversion ◽  
Carnot Cycle ◽  
Cell Functions

Energy storage and conversion is a very important link between the steps of energy production and energy consumption. Traditional fossil fuels are a natural and unsustainable energy storage medium with limited reserves and notorious pollution problems, therefore demanding a better choice to store and utilize the green and renewable energies in the future. Energy and environmental problems require a clean and efficient way of using the fuels. Fuel cell functions to efficiently convert oxidant and chemical energy accumulated in the fuel directly into DC electric, with the by-products of heat and water. Fuel cells, which are known as effective electrochemical converters, and electricity generation technology has gained attention due to the need for clean energy, the limitation of fossil fuel resources and the capability of a fuel cell to generate electricity without involving any moving mechanical part. The fuel cell technologies that received high interest for commercialization are polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs), and direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs). The optimum efficiency for the fuel cell is not bound by the principle of Carnot cycle compared to other traditional power machines that are generally based on thermal cycles such as gas turbines, steam turbines and internal combustion engines. However, the fuel cell applications have been restrained by the high cost needed to commercialize them. Researchers currently focus on the discovery of different materials and manufacturing methods to enhance fuel cell performance and simplify components of fuel cells. Fuel cell systems’ designs are utilized to reduce the costs of the membrane and improve cell efficiency, durability and reliability, allowing them to compete with the traditional combustion engine. In this review, we primarily analyze recent developments in fuel cells technologies and up-to-date modeling for PEMFCs, SOFCs and DMFCs.

Interfacial Processes in Electrochemical Energy Systems

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maoyu Wang ◽  
Zhenxing Feng
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Energy Storage ◽  
Sustainable Energy ◽  
Energy Systems ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Energy Storage And Conversion ◽  
Interfacial Processes ◽  
Electrochemical Energy

Electrochemical energy systems such as batteries, water electrolyzers, and fuel cells are considered as the promising and sustainable energy storage and conversion devices due to their high energy densities and...

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