Optofluidic router based on tunable liquid–liquid mirrors

Philipp Müller; Daniel Kopp; Andreu Llobera; Hans Zappe

doi:10.1039/c3lc51148k

Magnetically Deformable Liquid Mirrors from Surface Films of Silver Nanoparticles

ChemPhysChem ◽

10.1002/cphc.200900688 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 981-986 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Anna M. Ritcey ◽

Ermanno Borra

Keyword(s):

Silver Nanoparticles ◽

Surface Films ◽

Liquid Mirrors

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Liquid-Mirror Telescope Surveys

Highlights of Astronomy ◽

10.1017/s1539299600021791 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 464-467

Author(s):

P. Hickson

Keyword(s):

Integration Time ◽

Spectral Energy ◽

Energy Distributions ◽

Ccd Cameras ◽

Photometric Redshifts ◽

Rotating Liquid ◽

Liquid Mirrors ◽

Under Construction ◽

Optical Telescopes ◽

Mirror Telescope

Abstract Recent advances in the technology of rotating liquid-mirrors now make feasible the construction of large optical telescopes for dedicated survey programs. Two three-metre-class astronomical telescopes have been built and asix-metre telescope is under construction. These instruments observe in zenith-pointing mode, using drift-scanning CCD cameras to record continuous imaging of a strip of sky typically 20 arcmin wide. This enables them to observe of order 100 square degrees of sky with an integration time of a few minutes per night. Data can be co-added from night to night in order to increase the depth of the survey. Liquid-mirror telescopes are particularly wellsuited to surveys using broad or intermediate bandwidth filters to obtain photometric redshifts and spectral energy distributions for faint galaxies and quasars.

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Gallium Liquid Mirrors: Basic Technology, Optical-Shop Tests, and Observations

Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific ◽

10.1086/133893 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 109 ◽

pp. 319 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

E. F. Borra ◽

G. Tremblay ◽

Y. Huot ◽

J. Gauvin

Keyword(s):

Basic Technology ◽

Liquid Mirrors

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Axisymmetric deformation of rotating liquid mirrors by laser heating

10.1117/12.615416 ◽

2005 ◽

Author(s):

German Da Costa

Keyword(s):

Laser Heating ◽

Axisymmetric Deformation ◽

Rotating Liquid ◽

Liquid Mirrors

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Liquid mirrors

Canadian Journal of Physics ◽

10.1139/p95-017 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 73 (3-4) ◽

pp. 109-125 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Ermanno F. Borra

Keyword(s):

Optical Design ◽

Wide Band ◽

Scientific Work ◽

Optical Quality ◽

Full Time ◽

Design Work ◽

Atmospheric Sciences ◽

Expected Performance ◽

Basic Technology ◽

Liquid Mirrors

The surface of a spinning liquid takes the shape of a paraboloid that can be used as a reflecting mirror. This very old and nearly forgotten concept has recently been revived and I review its present status. Extensive interferometric tests of liquid mirrors (the largest one having a diameter of 2.5 m) show excellent optical qualities. I discuss the factors that can limit the optical quality of liquid mirrors, how to minimize them as well as the basic technology. A handful of liquid mirrors have now been built that are used for scientific work. I show representative data obtained from 2.65 m diameter liquid mirror telescopes used for astronomy and the atmospheric sciences (LIDAR). Section 5, of particular interest to cosmologists or astronomers using surveys, examines the expected performance of 4 m liquid mirror telescopes (LMTs) dedicated to cosmological surveys. It is rather impressive, due to the fact that the instruments work full-time on 4 year surveys: Spectrophotometry reaches B = 24 for all objects within over 100 square degrees and wide-band photometry reaches about B = 28. I consider the future of liquid mirror telescopes: limits to their sizes, engineering issues, as well as speculations on lunar or space LMTs. I briefly mention the possibility of nonrotating GRIN (gradient index) liquid mirrors. Finally, I address the issues of the field accessible to LMTs equipped with novel optical correctors. Optical design work, and some exploratory laboratory work, indicate that a single LMT should be able to access, with excellent images, small regions anywhere inside fields as large as 45°.

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