Rapid determination of indapamide in human urine using novel low-density solvent based ultrasound assisted emulsification microextraction coupled with high performance liquid chromatography-variable wavelength detection

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 2572 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abilasha Ramkumar ◽  
Vinoth Kumar Ponnusamy ◽  
Jen-Fon Jen
Keyword(s):  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Human Urine ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Rapid Determination ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted ◽  
Emulsification Microextraction ◽  
Wavelength Detection

Application of ultrasound-assisted emulsification microextraction for simultaneous determination of aminophenol isomers in human urine, hair dye, and water samples using high-performance liquid chromatography

2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (8) ◽  
pp. 863-872 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alireza Asghari ◽  
Hamidreza Fazl-Karimi ◽  
Behruz Barfi ◽  
Maryam Rajabi ◽  
Ali Daneshfar
Keyword(s):  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Human Urine ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Hair Dye ◽  
Extraction Solvent ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted ◽  
Emulsification Microextraction

Aminophenol isomers (2-, 3-, and 4-aminophenols) are typically classified as industrial pollutants with genotoxic and mutagenic effects due to their easy penetration through the skin and membranes of human, animals, and plants. In the present study, a simple and efficient ultrasound-assisted emulsification microextraction procedure coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detector was developed for preconcentration and determination of these compounds in human fluid and environmental water samples. Effective parameters (such as type and volume of extraction solvent, pH and ionic strength of sample, and ultrasonication and centrifuging time) were investigated and optimized. Under optimum conditions (including sample volume: 5 mL; extraction solvent: chloroform, 80 µL; pH: 6.5; without salt addition; ultrasonication: 3.5 min; and centrifuging time: 3 min, 5000 rpm min−1), the enrichment factors and limits of detection were ranged from 42 to 51 and 0.028 to 0.112 µg mL−1, respectively. Once optimized, analytical performance of the method was studied in terms of linearity (0.085–157 µg mL−1, r2 > 0.998), accuracy (recovery = 88.6– 101.7%), and precision (repeatability: intraday precision < 3.98%, and interday precision < 5.12%). Finally, applicability of the method was evaluated by the extraction and determination of these compounds in human urine, hair dye, and real water samples.

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