Bonding and delocalization in C60 via topographical analysis of the electrostatic potential and electron density

1994 ◽  
pp. 731 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom A. Claxton ◽  
Rajendra N. Shirsat ◽  
Shridhar R. Gadre
Keyword(s):  
Electron Density ◽  
Electrostatic Potential ◽  
Topographical Analysis

DAMQT 2.1.0: A new version of the DAMQT package enabled with the topographical analysis of electron density and electrostatic potential in molecules

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (31) ◽  
pp. 2350-2359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anmol Kumar ◽  
Sachin D. Yeole ◽  
Shridhar R. Gadre ◽  
Rafael López ◽  
Jaime F. Rico ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Density ◽  
Electrostatic Potential ◽  
Topographical Analysis

scholarly journals Factors Impacting σ- and π-Hole Regions as Revealed by the Electrostatic Potential and Its Source Function Reconstruction: The Case of 4,4′-Bipyridine Derivatives

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (19) ◽  
pp. 4409
Author(s):  
Carlo Gatti ◽  
Alessandro Dessì ◽  
Roberto Dallocchio ◽  
Victor Mamane ◽  
Sergio Cossu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Density ◽  
Electrostatic Potential ◽  
Source Function ◽  
Noncovalent Interactions ◽  
Conformational Search ◽  
Atomic Group ◽  
Group Contributions ◽  
Conformational Freedom ◽  
Molecular Patterns ◽  
The Impact

Positive electrostatic potential (V) values are often associated with σ- and π-holes, regions of lower electron density which can interact with electron-rich sites to form noncovalent interactions. Factors impacting σ- and π-holes may thus be monitored in terms of the shape and values of the resulting V. Further precious insights into such factors are obtained through a rigorous decomposition of the V values in atomic or atomic group contributions, a task here achieved by extending the Bader–Gatti source function (SF) for the electron density to V. In this article, this general methodology is applied to a series of 4,4′-bipyridine derivatives containing atoms from Groups VI (S, Se) and VII (Cl, Br), and the pentafluorophenyl group acting as a π-hole. As these molecules are characterized by a certain degree of conformational freedom due to the possibility of rotation around the two C–Ch bonds, from two to four conformational motifs could be identified for each structure through conformational search. On this basis, the impact of chemical and conformational features on σ- and π-hole regions could be systematically evaluated by computing the V values on electron density isosurfaces (VS) and by comparing and dissecting in atomic/atomic group contributions the VS maxima (VS,max) values calculated for different molecular patterns. The results of this study confirm that both chemical and conformational features may seriously impact σ- and π-hole regions and provide a clear analysis and a rationale of why and how this influence is realized. Hence, the proposed methodology might offer precious clues for designing changes in the σ- and π-hole regions, aimed at affecting their potential involvement in noncovalent interactions in a desired way.

Topological characterization of electron density, electrostatic potential and intermolecular interactions of 2-nitroimidazole: an experimental and theoretical study

2016 ◽  
Vol 72 (5) ◽  
pp. 775-786 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chinnasamy Kalaiarasi ◽  
Mysore S Pavan ◽  
Poomani Kumaradhas
Keyword(s):  
Electron Density ◽  
Intermolecular Interactions ◽  
Electrostatic Potential ◽  
Theoretical Calculations ◽  
Topological Analysis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Topological Characterization ◽  
Data Set ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Charge Concentration

An experimental charge density distribution of 2-nitroimidazole was determined from high-resolution X-ray diffraction and the Hansen–Coppens multipole model. The 2-nitroimidazole compound was crystallized and a high-angle X-ray diffraction intensity data set has been collected at low temperature (110 K). The structure was solved and further, an aspherical multipole model refinement was performed up to octapole level; the results were used to determine the structure, bond topological and electrostatic properties of the molecule. In the crystal, the molecule exhibits a planar structure and forms weak and strong intermolecular hydrogen-bonding interactions with the neighbouring molecules. The Hirshfeld surface of the molecule was plotted, which explores different types of intermolecular interactions and their strength. The topological analysis of electron density at the bond critical points (b.c.p.) of the molecule was performed, from that the electron density ρbcp(r) and the Laplacian of electron density ∇2ρbcp(r) at the b.c.p.s of the molecule have been determined; these parameters show the charge concentration/depletion of the nitroimidazole bonds in the crystal. The electrostatic parameters like atomic charges and the dipole moment of the molecule were calculated. The electrostatic potential surface of the molecule has been plotted, and it displays a large electronegative region around the nitro group. All the experimental results were compared with the corresponding theoretical calculations performed usingCRYSTAL09.

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