The key role of water in solid–liquid phase transfer-catalysed substitution reactions

1984 ◽  
pp. 1652-1654 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hayder Ali Zahalka ◽  
Yoel Sasson
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Phase Transfer ◽  
Substitution Reactions ◽  
Solid Liquid

Three Phase Catalytic Reactions: Role of Omega Aqueous Phase in Solid-Liquid Phase Transfer Catalyzed Etherification of 2'- Hydroxy Acetophenone

2006 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ganapati D. Yadav ◽  
Neesha M. Desai
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Phase Transfer ◽  
Tetrabutylammonium Bromide ◽  
Catalytic Reactions ◽  
Omega Phase ◽  
Solid Reactant ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
Catalyzed Reactions ◽  
Solid Liquid

Phase Transfer Catalyst (PTC) is used in more than 600 commercial processes, with wide ranging applications in the pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, polymer industries. Despite thousands of publications on the PTC, several intricacies of PTC in reactions are not understood or properly modeled. Liquid-liquid (L-L) PTC is inferior to solid-liquid (S-L) phase transfer catalyzed reactions, which in turn can be converted into Solid (reactant)-Liquid-(aqueous omega)- Liquid (organic) using trace quantities of water to realize 100% selectivity to the product. There is great enhancement in rates of reactions in comparison with corresponding S-L or L-L PTC. Thus, the O-alkylation of sodium salt of 2'-hydroxy acetophenone was achieved using 1-bromopentane using tetrabutylammonium bromide as the catalyst at 90 0C.2’-Pentyloxy acetophenone is used as a starting material for synthesis of fungicides. The current study deals with the efficacy of so-called omega phase with special emphasis on kinetic and modeling aspects.

A Selective Synthesis of Unsymmetrical 1,1'-Methylenebisdiazoles by Solid-liquid Phase Transfer Catalysis

Heterocycles ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 24 (8) ◽  
pp. 2233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jos� Elguero ◽  
Sebastian Juli� ◽  
Carlos Mart地ez-Martorell
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Phase Transfer Catalysis ◽  
Phase Transfer ◽  
Selective Synthesis ◽  
Solid Liquid

Solid-liquid phase-transfer catalysis reactions without solvent; very mild conditions for .beta.-eliminations

1984 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 1138-1140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Barry ◽  
Georges Bram ◽  
Guy Decodts ◽  
Andre Loupy ◽  
Philippe Pigeon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Phase Transfer Catalysis ◽  
Phase Transfer ◽  
Mild Conditions ◽  
Solid Liquid

Role of the solid/liquid interface faceting in rapid penetration of a liquid phase along grain boundaries

2001 ◽  
Vol 49 (7) ◽  
pp. 1123-1128 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Chatain ◽  
E. Rabkin ◽  
J. Derenne ◽  
J. Bernardini
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Grain Boundaries ◽  
Liquid Interface ◽  
Solid Liquid Interface ◽  
Solid Liquid
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