Activated T lymphocytes migrate toward the cathode of DC electric fields in microfluidic devices

Lab on a Chip ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Li ◽  
Saravanan Nandagopal ◽  
Dan Wu ◽  
Sean F. Romanuik ◽  
Kausik Paul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Microfluidic Devices ◽  
Activated T Lymphocytes ◽  
Dc Electric Fields

Convergence effect of droplet coalescence under AC and pulsed DC electric fields

2021 ◽  
pp. 103776
Author(s):  
Xin Huang ◽  
Limin He ◽  
Xiaoming Luo ◽  
Ke Xu ◽  
Yuling Lü ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Fields ◽  
Droplet Coalescence ◽  
Pulsed Dc ◽  
Dc Electric Fields

scholarly journals The Emerging Roles of the Calcineurin-Nuclear Factor of Activated T-Lymphocytes Pathway in Nervous System Functions and Diseases

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maulilio John Kipanyula ◽  
Wahabu Hamisi Kimaro ◽  
Paul F. Seke Etet
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Spinal Cord Injuries ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Nuclear Factor ◽  
Activated T Lymphocytes ◽  
Endogenous Regulators ◽  
Brain And Spinal Cord

The ongoing epidemics of metabolic diseases and increase in the older population have increased the incidences of neurodegenerative diseases. Evidence from murine and cell line models has implicated calcineurin-nuclear factor of activated T-lymphocytes (NFAT) signaling pathway, a Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent major proinflammatory pathway, in the pathogenesis of these diseases. Neurotoxins such as amyloid-β, tau protein, andα-synuclein trigger abnormal calcineurin/NFAT signaling activities. Additionally increased activities of endogenous regulators of calcineurin like plasma membrane Ca2+-ATPase (PMCA) and regulator of calcineurin 1 (RCAN1) also cause neuronal and glial loss and related functional alterations, in neurodegenerative diseases, psychotic disorders, epilepsy, and traumatic brain and spinal cord injuries. Treatment with calcineurin/NFAT inhibitors induces some degree of neuroprotection and decreased reactive gliosis in the central and peripheral nervous system. In this paper, we summarize and discuss the current understanding of the roles of calcineurin/NFAT signaling in physiology and pathologies of the adult and developing nervous system, with an emphasis on recent reports and cutting-edge findings. Calcineurin/NFAT signaling is known for its critical roles in the developing and adult nervous system. Its role in physiological and pathological processes is still controversial. However, available data suggest that its beneficial and detrimental effects are context-dependent. In view of recent reports calcineurin/NFAT signaling is likely to serve as a potential therapeutic target for neurodegenerative diseases and conditions. This review further highlights the need to characterize better all factors determining the outcome of calcineurin/NFAT signaling in diseases and the downstream targets mediating the beneficial and detrimental effects.

Proteinuria and Activated T-Lymphocytes in Diabetic Nephropathy

Diabetes ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 507-511 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. Bending ◽  
A. Lobo-Yeo ◽  
D. Vergani ◽  
G. Viberti
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Nephropathy ◽  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
Activated T Lymphocytes

Specific features of T- and NK-cellular immunity in chronic lymphocytic leukemia

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (6) ◽  
pp. 345-352
Author(s):  
Evgeniy Vladimirovich Pochtar ◽  
S. A. Lugovskaya ◽  
E. V. Naumova ◽  
E. A. Dmitrieva ◽  
A. I. Kostin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
T Cells ◽  
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
Nk Cells ◽  
Lymphocytic Leukemia ◽  
Positive Trend ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Activated T Lymphocytes ◽  
T Helpers

Profound immunological dysfunction is the key factor determining the development of infectious complications in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). The aim of this work is to assess the features of the subpopulation composition of T-lymphocytes (T-helpers (Th), cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (Tcyt), T regulatory cells (Treg), T-NK cells, naive Th, Th-memory, activated T-lymphocytes, TCRγδ cells) and NK cells in peripheral blood of patients with newly diagnosed chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and receiving ibrutinib therapy. Hematological and immunophenotypic studies have been performed in 30 patients with previously untreated CLL, 122 patients on ibrutinib therapy and 20 healthy donors. The subpopulation composition of T-lymphocytes (Th, Tcyt, Treg, T-NK, naive T-helpers, memory T-helpers, TCRγδ cells, activated T-lymphocytes) and NK cells has been assessed on flow cytometer (FACSCanto II (BD)) using the following panel of monoclonal antibodies: CD45, CD19, CD3, CD4, CD5, CD8, TCRγδ, CD127, CD16, CD56, CD57 CD45RA, CD45R0, HLA-DR, CD25. Compared to controls all CLL samples were found to have higher the absolute number of T-lymphocytes, NK cells and their subpopulations, T-helpers (especially of memory T-cells), cytotoxic T-cells, regulatory T-cells, TCRγδ T-cells, activated T-lymphocytes, increased cytotoxic potential of NK cells in previously untreated CLL patients. Patients who received ibrutinib therapy have registered a positive trend towards recovery of the subpopulation composition of T-lymphocytes and NK-cells. CLL patients have been found to have quantitative and functional changes in the subpopulations of T-lymphocytes and NK cells, indicating dysregulation of the immune response, and a high risk of developing infections. Monitoring of immunological parameters for ibrutinib therapy make possible to estimate impact of ibrutinib on the adaptive anti-CLL immune response.

Pulsed DC electric fields couple to natural NAD(P)H oscillations in HT-1080 fibrosarcoma cells

2001 ◽  
Vol 114 (8) ◽  
pp. 1515-1520 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.J. Rosenspire ◽  
A.L. Kindzelskii ◽  
H.R. Petty
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Metabolites ◽  
Pulsed Dc ◽  
Fibrosarcoma Cells ◽  
Chemotactic Factors ◽  
Oxygen Metabolites ◽  
Dc Electric Fields

Previously, we have demonstrated that NAD(P)H levels in neutrophils and macrophages are oscillatory. We have also found that weak ultra low frequency AC or pulsed DC electric fields can resonate with, and increase the amplitude of, NAD(P)H oscillations in these cells. For these cells, increased NAD(P)H amplitudes directly signal changes in behavior in the absence of cytokines or chemotactic factors. Here, we have studied the effect of pulsed DC electric fields on HT-1080 fibrosarcoma cells. As in neutrophils and macrophages, NAD(P)H levels oscillate. We find that weak (~10(-)(5) V/m), but properly phased DC (pulsed) electric fields, resonate with NAD(P)H oscillations in polarized and migratory, but not spherical, HT-1080 cells. In this instance, electric field resonance signals an increase in HT-1080 pericellular proteolytic activity. Electric field resonance also triggers an immediate increase in the production of reactive oxygen metabolites. Under resonance conditions, we find evidence of DNA damage in HT-1080 cells in as little as 5 minutes. Thus the ability of external electric fields to effect cell function and physiology by acting on NAD(P)H oscillations is not restricted to cells of the hematopoietic lineage, but may be a universal property of many, if not all polarized and migratory eukaryotic cells.

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