Large molecular aggregates: from atmospheric aerosols to drug nanoparticles

Background: Nanotechnology pictures a breakthrough in the domain of cancer therapy owing to its novel properties and functions. This technology is quite amendable as it allows the scientists to engineer drug nanoparticles of dimensions 10nm – 500nm permitting them to pass via leaky vasculature of tumorigenic microenvironment with higher specificity, reduced cytotoxicity and effective release without any after effects. The central part of the review zooms onto the role of nanoparticles and their targeted delivery for the cure of cancer. Methods: The novel and various versatile nanoparticle platforms viz. polymeric (drug-conjugates, micelles, dendrimers), Lipid-based (liposomes, solid nanoparticle, nanostructured lipid carrier, lipid-polymer hybrid), and stimuli-sensitive (thermoresponsive, ultrasound, pH-responsive, hydrogel) etc. have been designed for a persistent, précised nanodrug delivery and the co-delivery of collegial drug conjugates leading to the formation of safer release of myriad of drugs for cancer chemoprevention. Results: The review concerns about tracing and detailing the drug delivery systems of cancer nanotechnology. Conclusion: Nanotechnology is bestowed with the design, depiction, fabrication, and application of nanostructures, and devices with their controlled delivery together with the imaging of the selected target site and drug release at the specific site of action.

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Mathematical modelling of remote detection of molecular air pollutants

Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications ◽

10.1135/cccc19871397 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 52 (6) ◽

pp. 1397-1406

Author(s):

František Zrcek ◽

Milan Horák

Keyword(s):

Atmospheric Aerosols ◽

Air Pollutants ◽

Complex Refractive Index ◽

Mie Scattering ◽

Heat Emission ◽

Remote Detection ◽

Radiation Absorption ◽

Variable Concentration ◽

Lidar Equation ◽

Optical Pathway

A model of remote detection of molecular air pollutants is devised based on the lidar equation. The various kinds of interaction of radiation with matter, viz. absorption, induced fluorescence, and Raman scattering, are taken into account; detection of either scattered or reflected signal is considered. The reflection is assumed to be either axial, using a retroreflector, or omnidirectional from a field target. Based on this model, an algorithm was set up for simulation of the different variants of the experiment, making allowance for a generally variable concentration of the compound along the optical pathway of the light beam. The basic atmospheric processes, viz. radiation absorption by the backround, heat emission, turbulence, and the effect of atmospheric aerosols, are treated, and the last of them is found to play the major role. Aerosols are looked upon as a source of the Mie scattering and they are described by distribution equations with respect to the particle size and the complex refractive index. The variable concentration of the aerosol along the optical pathway and the simultaneous effect of a higher numberof aerosol types are included.

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Aging of atmospheric aerosols and the role of iron in catalyzing brown carbon formation

Environmental Science: Atmospheres ◽

10.1039/d1ea00038a ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Hind A. A. Al-Abadleh

Keyword(s):

Volatile Organic Compounds ◽

Organic Compounds ◽

Atmospheric Aerosols ◽

Secondary Organic Aerosol ◽

Organic Aerosol ◽

Atmospheric Oxidation ◽

Carbon Formation ◽

Brown Carbon ◽

Volatile Organic

Extensive research has been done on the processes that lead to the formation of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) including atmospheric oxidation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from biogenic and anthropogenic...

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