Electro-oxidation of glucose at an increased current density at a reducing potential

2004 ◽  
pp. 2116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Mano ◽  
Fei Mao ◽  
Adam Heller
Keyword(s):  
Current Density ◽  
Electro Oxidation ◽  
Oxidation Of Glucose ◽  
Reducing Potential

scholarly journals Developments of the Electroactive Materials for Non-Enzymatic Glucose Sensing and Their Mechanisms

Electrochem ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 347-389
Author(s):  
Wan-Ting Chiu ◽  
Tso-Fu Mark Chang ◽  
Masato Sone ◽  
Hideki Hosoda ◽  
Agnès Tixier-Mita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Sensing ◽  
Electrochemical Technique ◽  
Current Response ◽  
Metallic Materials ◽  
Metallic Oxide ◽  
Electroactive Materials ◽  
Metal Metal ◽  
Metal Derivatives ◽  
Electro Oxidation ◽  
Oxidation Of Glucose

A comprehensive review of the electroactive materials for non-enzymatic glucose sensing and sensing devices has been performed in this work. A general introduction for glucose sensing, a facile electrochemical technique for glucose detection, and explanations of fundamental mechanisms for the electro-oxidation of glucose via the electrochemical technique are conducted. The glucose sensing materials are classified into five major systems: (1) mono-metallic materials, (2) bi-metallic materials, (3) metallic-oxide compounds, (4) metallic-hydroxide materials, and (5) metal-metal derivatives. The performances of various systems within this decade have been compared and explained in terms of sensitivity, linear regime, the limit of detection (LOD), and detection potentials. Some promising materials and practicable methodologies for the further developments of glucose sensors have been proposed. Firstly, the atomic deposition of alloys is expected to enhance the selectivity, which is considered to be lacking in non-enzymatic glucose sensing. Secondly, by using the modification of the hydrophilicity of the metallic-oxides, a promoted current response from the electro-oxidation of glucose is expected. Lastly, by taking the advantage of the redistribution phenomenon of the oxide particles, the usage of the noble metals is foreseen to be reduced.

Electro-oxidation of landfill leachate using boron-doped diamond: role of current density, pH and ions

2019 ◽  
Vol 79 (5) ◽  
pp. 921-928 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Agustina ◽  
A. Y. Bagastyo ◽  
E. Nurhayati
Keyword(s):  
Current Density ◽  
Organic Content ◽  
Cod Removal ◽  
Boron Doped Diamond ◽  
Leachate Treatment ◽  
Ammonium Removal ◽  
Boron Doped ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Electro Oxidation

Abstract Electro-oxidation using a boron-doped diamond (BDD) anode can be used as an alternative to leachate treatment. Aside from the hydroxyl radical, BDDs are capable of generating chloride and sulfate radical species that play significant roles in the oxidation of pollutants. This research investigated the role of Cl−:SO42− ions at molar ratios of 237:1, 4:1 and 18:1, and the influence of applied current density (i.e. 50, 75 and 100 mA cm−2) on the removal of organic and ammonium contaminants. The results show that current density had considerable effects on chemical oxygen demand (COD) and colour removal, while ion composition of Cl−:SO42− at pH 3, 5 and 8.5 (original pH) gave different effects on COD and ammonium removal. The pH had a significant effect on the COD removal at the ratio of 237:1, but showed no dramatic effect at the ratio of 18:1, giving ∼40% of COD removal at all pHs tested. This indicates that electro-oxidation at the ratio of 18:1 could be effectively conducted at a wide range of pH. Furthermore, the optimum ammonium removal was obtained at pH 8.5 with the ratio of 237:1. This process was found to be ineffective in increasing the biodegradability index of the leachate; instead, it exhibited mineralization of organic content.

Hierarchical core–shell structured Ni3S2/NiMoO4 nanowires: a high-performance and reusable electrochemical sensor for glucose detection

The Analyst ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 144 (16) ◽  
pp. 4925-4934 ◽  
Author(s):  
Palanisamy Kannan ◽  
Fangshuai Chen ◽  
Huasheng Jiang ◽  
Hui Wang ◽  
Rongfang Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Sensor ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Core Shell ◽  
Glucose Detection ◽  
Electro Oxidation ◽  
Oxidation Of Glucose

The electro-oxidation of glucose occurred at the surface of hierarchical core–shell Ni3S2/NiMoO4 nanowires.

scholarly journals A Novel Method for Efficient Electrochemical Treatment of Actual Dyeing Wastewater With Energy Saving

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiachao Yao ◽  
Sini Lv ◽  
Zeyu Wang ◽  
Liyong Hu ◽  
Jun Chen
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Current Density ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Ammonia Removal ◽  
Active Chlorine ◽  
Main Reaction ◽  
Dyeing Wastewater ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Electro Oxidation

Abstract Electro-oxidation is a promising technology for wastewater treatment with bio-refractory organic and nitrogen pollutants; however, the high energy-demanding hinders its wide application. In this study, a novel method by regulating the significant parameter during electro-oxidation process timely for actual dyeing wastewater treatment with energy saving was studied. Operating factors (i.e., flow rate, initial pH value, electrode distance, and current density) were investigated for chemical oxygen demand (COD) and ammonia removal, and results indicated that current density was the key factor which obviously influenced the electrochemical performance. Indirect oxidation by active chlorine was then confirmed as the main reaction pathway for pollutants oxidation, and the relationship between the current density and the generation of active chlorine was established, suggesting that a large part of the generated active chlorine was not utilized effectively. Subsequently, a novel method by variation of current density timely based on the reaction mechanism was proposed; results indicated that, with similar pollutant removal efficiency, energy consumption could be reduced from 31.6 kWh/m3 to 20.5 kWh/m3. Additionally, the novel system was further optimized by Box-Behnken design: COD and ammonia removal efficiencies could reach 71.8% and 100% respectively, and energy-demanding could be reduced by 45.6%.

scholarly journals Direct Oxidation of Dimethylsulphoxide and Reduction of Maleic Acid in Methanesulphonic Acid Medium

2009 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vellasamy Devadoss ◽  
C Ahmed Basha ◽  
Krishnamoorthy Jayaraman
Keyword(s):  
Current Efficiency ◽  
Acid Medium ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Maleic Acid ◽  
Sulphonic Acid ◽  
Direct Oxidation ◽  
Methane Sulphonic Acid ◽  
Divided Cell ◽  
Electro Oxidation

The direct electro oxidation of dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO) to dimethylsulphone (DMSO2) at a Pb/PbO2 anode and electro reduction of maleic acid (MA) to succinic acid (SA) at stainless steel cathode have been has been carried out in methane sulphonic acid (MSA) medium in a batch divided cell. It is to be noted that, as methane sulphonic acid medium (MAS) is biodegradable, it is a preferred medium for the electrochemical reactions.The process parameters such as concentration of MSA, DMSO and current density have been critically examined and the comparative performances of Pb/PbO2 with TSIA electrode as well as the reusing of electrolyte under optimum conditions have been investigated. The reaction parameters such as acid concentration, current density, the use of divided and undivided cells, etc. have been studied on electrochemical reduction of MA to SA.In the case of direct electro oxidation of dimethylsulphoxide to dimethylsulphone, the current efficiency on TSIA anode has been around 60- 65% while that with Pb/PbO2 has been more than 90%. The electro reduction of MA to SA has given current efficiency around 65 – 70%. Based on the result obtained on trials, the optimum parameters of the reaction found to be 1.0 M acid concentration and 5.0 A dm-2 current density. Divided cell has given good results when compared to undivided cell.

scholarly journals Degradation of cyanide, aniline and phenol in pre-treated coke oven wastewater by peroxide assisted electro-oxidation process

2018 ◽  
Vol 78 (10) ◽  
pp. 2214-2227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hariraj Singh ◽  
Brijesh Kumar Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Advanced Oxidation Process ◽  
Oxidation Process ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Operating Cost ◽  
Coke Oven ◽  
Graphite Electrodes ◽  
Electro Oxidation ◽  
Pre Treatment

Abstract The present study explored the feasibility of using graphite electrodes for the electrochemical oxidation of cyanide, thiocyanate, phenol and aniline with hydrogen peroxide. The dosing effects of hydrogen peroxide and current density were examined in the pre-treated coke oven wastewater. It was found that 0.025 M hydrogen peroxide and 13.63 mA/cm2 of current density were more favorable for the removal of 100%, 90%, 71% and 40% cyanide, thiocyanate, phenol and aniline respectively. The increased removal of phenol in the coke oven wastewater was attributed to the pre-treatment of wastewater. Initially, 28% phenol was converted to phenolate ion by air stripping process, which increased the removal rate of phenol by the electro-oxidation process as the removal of phenolate is quite easy compared to phenol. The advanced oxidation process degrades the more toxic cyanide into less toxic intermediate cyanate ions (CNO─), which further cut down into nontoxic end products such as N2, HCO3 and CO2. The experimental results show that the primary mechanisms in the oxidation of cyanide and phenol are mediated electro-oxidation by hydroxyl radicals and hypochlorite ions. The operating cost under the optimized conditions for the removal of 100% cyanide and 71% phenol was estimated to be 616.95 INR/m3.

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