Recent developments in the quantum dynamical characterization of unimolecular resonances

2004 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 884 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Zhang ◽  
Sean C. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Dynamical ◽  
Recent Developments

Neurochemistry of L-Glutamate Transport in the CNS: A Review of Thirty Years of Progress

2001 ◽  
Vol 66 (9) ◽  
pp. 1315-1340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir J. Balcar ◽  
Akiko Takamoto ◽  
Yukio Yoneda
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Biology ◽  
Glutamate Transport ◽  
Mammalian Brain ◽  
Activity Data ◽  
System A ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Disease Analysis

The review highlights the landmark studies leading from the discovery and initial characterization of the Na+-dependent "high affinity" uptake in the mammalian brain to the cloning of individual transporters and the subsequent expansion of the field into the realm of molecular biology. When the data and hypotheses from 1970's are confronted with the recent developments in the field, we can conclude that the suggestions made nearly thirty years ago were essentially correct: the uptake, mediated by an active transport into neurons and glial cells, serves to control the extracellular concentrations of L-glutamate and prevents the neurotoxicity. The modern techniques of molecular biology may have provided additional data on the nature and location of the transporters but the classical neurochemical approach, using structural analogues of glutamate designed as specific inhibitors or substrates for glutamate transport, has been crucial for the investigations of particular roles that glutamate transport might play in health and disease. Analysis of recent structure/activity data presented in this review has yielded a novel insight into the pharmacological characteristics of L-glutamate transport, suggesting existence of additional heterogeneity in the system, beyond that so far discovered by molecular genetics. More compounds that specifically interact with individual glutamate transporters are urgently needed for more detailed investigations of neurochemical characteristics of glutamatergic transport and its integration into the glutamatergic synapses in the central nervous system. A review with 162 references.

scholarly journals Molecular Modeling of Histamine Receptors—Recent Advances in Drug Discovery

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 1778
Author(s):  
Pakhuri Mehta ◽  
Przemysław Miszta ◽  
Sławomir Filipek
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Molecular Modeling ◽  
Molecular Targets ◽  
Histamine Receptors ◽  
Experimental Characterization ◽  
Complex Disorders ◽  
Theoretical Investigations ◽  
Recent Developments

The recent developments of fast reliable docking, virtual screening and other algorithms gave rise to discovery of many novel ligands of histamine receptors that could be used for treatment of allergic inflammatory disorders, central nervous system pathologies, pain, cancer and obesity. Furthermore, the pharmacological profiles of ligands clearly indicate that these receptors may be considered as targets not only for selective but also for multi-target drugs that could be used for treatment of complex disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease. Therefore, analysis of protein-ligand recognition in the binding site of histamine receptors and also other molecular targets has become a valuable tool in drug design toolkit. This review covers the period 2014–2020 in the field of theoretical investigations of histamine receptors mostly based on molecular modeling as well as the experimental characterization of novel ligands of these receptors.

Characterization of tissue engineered cartilage products: Recent developments in advanced therapy

2016 ◽  
Vol 113 ◽  
pp. 823-832 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justinas Mačiulaitis ◽  
Sima Rekštytė ◽  
Arvydas Ūsas ◽  
Virginija Jankauskaitė ◽  
Rimtautas Gudas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Advanced Therapy ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Engineered Cartilage

scholarly journals Pathway swapping: Toward modular engineering of essential cellular processes

2016 ◽  
Vol 113 (52) ◽  
pp. 15060-15065 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niels G. A. Kuijpers ◽  
Daniel Solis-Escalante ◽  
Marijke A. H. Luttik ◽  
Markus M. M. Bisschops ◽  
Francine J. Boonekamp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Applied Research ◽  
Central Metabolism ◽  
Microbial Genomes ◽  
Cellular Processes ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
One Step ◽  
Saccharomyces Kudriavzevii

Recent developments in synthetic biology enable one-step implementation of entire metabolic pathways in industrial microorganisms. A similarly radical remodelling of central metabolism could greatly accelerate fundamental and applied research, but is impeded by the mosaic organization of microbial genomes. To eliminate this limitation, we propose and explore the concept of “pathway swapping,” using yeast glycolysis as the experimental model. Construction of a “single-locus glycolysis” Saccharomyces cerevisiae platform enabled quick and easy replacement of this yeast’s entire complement of 26 glycolytic isoenzymes by any alternative, functional glycolytic pathway configuration. The potential of this approach was demonstrated by the construction and characterization of S. cerevisiae strains whose growth depended on two nonnative glycolytic pathways: a complete glycolysis from the related yeast Saccharomyces kudriavzevii and a mosaic glycolysis consisting of yeast and human enzymes. This work demonstrates the feasibility and potential of modular, combinatorial approaches to engineering and analysis of core cellular processes.

Synthesis and characterization of size-controlled silver nanowires

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pei Zhang ◽  
Shudong Lin ◽  
Jiwen Hu
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Silver Nanowires ◽  
Synthetic Methods ◽  
Synthesis And Characterization ◽  
Electronic And Optical Properties ◽  
The Past ◽  
Crucial Effect ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Size Controlled

Abstract Silver nanowires (AgNWs) have attracted attentions form both academia and industry due to their outstanding electronic and optical properties. The AgNW-based devices for various uses were invented in recent years. It is well known that the sizes of AgNWs have a crucial effect on the performance of AgNW-based devices. However, how to synthesize AgNWs with controlled sizes is still unsolved. Researchers reported many methods to synthesize AgNWs with different sizes in the past decade. However, a review that focuses on the synthetic methods of AgNWs is very rare. The aim of this review is to summarize the recent developments that have been achieved with AgNWs, and many procedure details and results and discussions will be provided for practical use. Graphical Abstract:

scholarly journals Use of Ultrasonic Sensors for Characterization of Membrane Fouling and Cleaning

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 155892500800300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elmira Kujundzic ◽  
Keith Cobry ◽  
Alan R. Greenberg ◽  
Mark Hernandez
Keyword(s):  
Time Domain ◽  
Membrane Fouling ◽  
Permeation Rate ◽  
Acoustic Microscopy ◽  
Membrane Separations ◽  
Direct Observations ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Acoustic Techniques

The modern challenges for membrane separations in a wide range of processes require more sophisticated approaches for the detection and remediation of fouling, i.e., the association of solutes, particulate matter, and colloids on and/or within a membrane. Most commonly, fouling is assessed from inferred measurements of permeation rate and/or permeate quality. The use of acoustic techniques for direct observations of membrane fouling was introduced over 10 years ago. We summarize here, recent developments in ultrasonic reflectometry that use both time-domain and frequency-domain spectra for noninvasive, real-time assessments of fouling in a variety of module configurations and geometries. In addition, we describe recent developments and applications of scanning acoustic microscopy (SAM) for post-mortem characterization of membranes with particular emphasis on biofouling.

scholarly journals Performance Assessment of Low-Cost Thermal Cameras for Medical Applications

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 1321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrique Villa ◽  
Natalia Arteaga-Marrero ◽  
Juan Ruiz-Alzola
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Home Monitoring ◽  
Medical Applications ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Monitoring Applications ◽  
Thermal Cameras ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Controlled Environments ◽  
Noise Equivalent Temperature Difference

Thermal imaging is a promising technology in the medical field. Recent developments in low-cost infrared (IR) sensors, compatible with smartphones, provide competitive advantages for home-monitoring applications. However, these sensors present reduced capabilities compared to more expensive high-end devices. In this work, the characterization of thermal cameras is described and carried out. This characterization includes non-uniformity (NU) effects and correction as well as the thermal cameras’ dependence on room temperature, noise-equivalent temperature difference (NETD), and response curve stability with temperature. Results show that low-cost thermal cameras offer good performance, especially when used in temperature-controlled environments, providing evidence of the suitability of such sensors for medical applications, particularly in the assessment of diabetic foot ulcers on which we focused this study.

Three-Dimensional Characterization of the Microstructure of Bioglass/Polyethylene Composite by X-Ray Microtomography

2007 ◽  
Vol 330-332 ◽  
pp. 503-506
Author(s):  
Xiao Wei Fu ◽  
Jie Huang ◽  
E.S. Thian ◽  
Serena Best ◽  
William Bonfield
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Polyethylene Composite ◽  
Bioactive Properties ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
3D Information

A Bioglass® reinforced polyethylene (Bioglass®/polyethylene) composite has been prepared, which combines the high bioactivity of Bioglass® and the toughness of polyethylene. The spatial distribution of Bioglass® particles within the composite is important for the performance of composites in-vivo. Recent developments in X-ray microtomography (XμT) have made it possible to visualize internal and microstructural details with different X-ray absorbencies, nondestructively, and to acquire 3D information at high spatial resolution. In this study, the volume fraction and 3D spatial distribution of Bioglass® particles has been acquired quantitatively by XμT. The information obtained provides a foundation for understanding the mechanical and bioactive properties of the Bioglass®/polyethylene composites.

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